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RF /EMC EMI Simulations Capabilities in SMIT

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Simulation Areas

Antenna Design

RF Matching

System Interference

Analysis

EMC & EMI Analysis

Signal/Power Integrity

Cable Simulations

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• Input Requirement:

Frequency Range -433.9 MHz

Bandwidth - 1 MHz

Beam width of the antenna –Omni directional

Gain of the antenna -0.5 dB (with impedance matching network)

VSWR < 3 at 433.9 MHz

• Input Requirement:

Frequency Range -2.4 GHz

Bandwidth - 3-5 MHz

Beam width of the antenna –Omni directional

Gain of the antenna -0.5 dB (with impedance matching network)

VSWR < 2 at 2.4 GHz

Antenna Design

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Once the antenna‘s are designed, due to the limitation in size of PCB or space constraint in the product, we may/ may not be able to obtain 50 ohms impedance. To obtain 50 ohms, we need to tune the circuit. In order to do tuning, you need to use typically a PI filter, LC filter or T filter configuration. You also need to get the right components from vendor which matches to your theoretical calculations. Typically it is hardbound or by using smith chart. It is pretty time consuming. Simulations allow us to reduce the time by a large factor and reduces the time being spent on this analysis. One such example is shown here.

Simulation Setup Simulations Vs Measurements Original PCB

RF Matching

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*Courtesy: CST

Trying to identify the right position for the antenna placement on the car for maximum reception. Additionally to check the antenna to antenna coupling.

Interference Violation Results

System Interference Simulations

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EMC EMI Analysis -Simulations

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• All below mentioned process can be simulated for automotive and non automotive standards without any limitations in the frequency range.

• Pre Processing Analysis: Rule Based Checking for Signal Integrity/Power Integrity and EMC/EMI.

• Post Processing Analysis:

– Emission

• Conducted Emission

• Radiated Emission

• Shielding effectiveness

• Emission from Cables

– Susceptibility

• Electrostatic discharge

• Radiated Immunity

• Electric fast transients

• Bulk Current Injection

EMC EMI Analysis

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A key challenge in automotive product design is the compliance to electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) and interference (EMI) requirements in a cost-driven project environment. Traditionally, EMC and EMI issues are solved in the EMC lab, often without getting a full understanding of the underlying effects. The adoption of 3D field simulation provides an insight into the root causes of electromagnetic resonance effects occurring in the product, enabling fast design cycles and high product quality.

Background (1/2)

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3D Prototype* Simulation

• All effects included (manufacturing tolerances)

• Pass/Fail Information

• * Courtesy: Computer Simulation Technology

• No need to manufacture/saving prototype cost and iterations

• Field Visualization

• Easy Parametric changes

• Designs comparison

• Trouble shooting

Background (2/2)

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Before running 3D simulations, we can use rule based check to find if there could be any potential violations done by the PCB designer, which could lead to higher emissions. We can fix the checklist rules. One of the test performed is to check whether stitching capacitors are placed when the trace was crossing the split to avoid the emissions. Automotive Cluster Board

No stitching caps are present when the trace is passing through the splits in the ground plane.

EMC Rule Based Checking

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• DC-DC Converter Example

Emission from a DC-DC Converter Stepdown -12 volts – 5volts converter.

• * Courtesy: Computer Simulation Technology

Conducted Emission Analysis

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Cluster Board Analysis for radiated emissions at 1m. Virtual probes are placed around the DUT (360 degrees) to get the worst case scenario results.

Radiated Emissions of the RPM trace from 0 to 3 GHz –Broad Band simulation analysis at 1m

Radiated Emission Analysis

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8 KV signal applied

ESD Analysis simulations can be performed according to IEC 61000-4-2 / ISO 10605 standard.

ESD Analysis - Simulation

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• * Courtesy: Computer Simulation Technology

BCI Analysis - Simulation

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Signal and Power Integrity

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Solution: Added Resistors on the nets

to reduce the ringing effect !!

Signal Integrity

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Optimizing the no of decaps on the board

Current Density on a power plane

Power Integrity

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• * Courtesy: Computer Simulation Technology

Cable Simulations

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• Simulations helps you design innovative electrical and electronic products faster and more cost-effectively. In today’s world of high performance electronics and advanced electrification systems, the effects of electromagnetic fields on circuits and systems cannot be ignored.

• With our unique team who are expertize in both simulations and measurements, we can uniquely simulate electromagnetic performance across component, circuit and system design, and can evaluate the performance of the device which is under test.

• This unmatched electromagnetic-centric design centre -SMIT helps you achieve first-pass system design success for advanced communication systems, high-speed electronic devices, electromechanical components and power electronics systems and new generation hybrid vehicles.

Conclusions