SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING, COMPUTING AND BUILT ENVIRONMENT
DEPARTMENT OF BUILT ENVIRONMENT
BACHELOR OF ARTS (HONS) IN INTERIOR ARCHITECTURE
CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY 2:
CONTEMPORARY TECHNOLOGIES (DCD3025)
GREEN BUILDING INDEX ANALYTICAL REPORT
NAME: JOHN POH
STUDENT ID: 0185971
JANUARY 2018 SEMESTER
DUE DATE: THURSDAY, 26TH APRIL 2018
General Instructions:
1. Ideas MUST be ORIGINAL. 2. Late submission will be penalized. 3. Plagiarism is prohibited. Plagiarism. The assignment is based on an individual response. The report must be completely your own work and you must not copy from others. Any plagiarized work will be zero-rated. Any reference material you use (books, journals, Internet, magazines etc.) must be clearly identified in your report using procedures in the Harvard System of Referencing.
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Content List
Title Page Number
Executive Summary 2
Introduction 3
Design Statement 4 - 5
Main Body of Report 6
Energy Efficiency (EE) 7 - 11
Indoor Environmental Quality (EQ) 12 - 26
Sustainable Planning & Management (SM) 27 - 38
Material & Resources (MR) 39 - 45
Water Efficiency (WE) 46 - 47
Innovative (IN) 48 - 49
Conclusion 50 - 51
Learning Outcome 52
References 53
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Executive Summary
Vantage Desiran Tanjung, 4-storey commercial complex located at the heart of a
densely populated area in Tanjung Tokong. It is a business centre catered to the bourgeois
demands of tourist and local who seek for a grand and luxurious lifestyle. The location has
various amenities such as Tesco hypermarket, minimarkets, Straits Quay Convention Centre
and more. The facade orientation of Vantage Desiran is facing North-West bringing in most
of the afternoon sun. The morning sun does not affect much of the building’s orientation
being that it’s faced towards the back. The entrance of the complex is surrounded by variation
of greeneries including Acacia Tree along the road side. Based on observation, there are
ample parking space at the site. Visitors who drive from George Town will have a slight
inconvenience due to the condition of the road and traffic light ahead not allowing drivers to
make a legal U-turn. Therefore, this may also be a factor of the empty parking lots. In
conclusion, Vantage Desiran Tanjung is ideally perfect for growing businesses to operate and
expend due to its densely packed business hub in between Goerge Town and Batu Ferrenghi.
Façade of Vantage Desiran Tanjung
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Introduction
Over the past 50 years, the average global temperature have I creased drastically at a
staggering rate in recorded history of mankind. It is one of the 16th hottest years in NASA’s
134-year record. But the main question is, what caused Global Warming to occur? The answer
to it is that Global Warming is caused by the increasing amount of Carbon Dioxide,
Greenhouse Gases and other air pollutants which are being emitted and collected in the
Troposphere layer in between 7 to 20KM beyond planet earth. These catastrophic events
absorb sunlight, sun rays and solar radiation in the Troposphere layer creating a trap also
known as the Greenhouse Effect preventing heat to escape into space. Therefore, the trapped
heat causes mother earth to get warmer annually that eventually creating Global Warming.
Also, Global Warming will cause extreme catastrophic phenomenon such as heat waves,
droughts, floods and many more. (NRDC, 2018)
So, how can we stop or at least minimise Global Warming? The best way to start is to reduce
our very own carbon footprint by following a few simple steps in our practice or daily lifestyle.
Make conservation energy is part of our daily routine to the earth which will be passed to our
future generations. As an Interior Architect, getting an Energy Star Label was crucial and plays
a significant role with implementation of energy star rated appliances such as refrigerators,
washers and dryers. These appliances will meet the high standard for energy efficiency while
in the meantime helps to cut down monthly utility bills in the process. It is possible for every
citizen to prioritise and be responsible to make our planet green again to build a more healthy
and secure community.
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Design Statement
Asia is becoming the world’s largest and most dynamic market for wine. By the end of
the decade, countries in Asia are set to dominate the global wine market and annual
consumption. The wine sector is rapidly evolving to suit the palate of Asian wine lovers. The
previous F&B industry has changed tremendously as wine has been slowly introduced as a
beverage of health. On the other hand, Coastal style is one of the quickly emerging prominent
style across the European countries and the United States. This rapid growing style consist of
a few distinctive elements that defines as being fun, relaxing and comfortable. In relation, a
Logarithmic Spiral also known as a spiral curve often appears in nature for instance sea shells
and other marine creatures. The 500 million years living fossil is the Chambered Nautilus. The
snail-like shell is coiled upwards and is subdivided into 30 chambers that act as the walls to
seal off and protect itself from danger. The empty chambers are also used to regulate water
buoyancy. All these unique characteristics are being applied either directly or indirectly into
the conceptual design.
At The Wine Shop @ Vantage Desiran, it is vital to impose energy saving methods with
implementation of energy efficient lightings and equipment to cut down utility bills. This
include installation of Light Emitting Diode (LED) which is 80% more efficient than traditional
fluorescent and incandescent lighting. Also, 95% if the LED lighting energy is converted into
illuminating light while only 5% is wasted and produced as heat while it is the other way
around for those traditional lightings. (SPECO, 2018) The site orientation itself helps with
utilization of full sunlight through large windows and openings allowing sunlight to illuminate
the interior space without additional use of artificial lighting. Too much illumination will
create unwanted glares and reflections through choices of material selection and finishes.
Exterior shading, blinds, curtains and tinted glass will help control the sunlight entering the
interior. The materials and finishes selection are also important in green building whereby it
is best to go for elements that are low or no in Volatile Organic Compound (VOC). The interior
colour schemes are warm whites and shades of ocean hues with low or no Volatile Organic
Compound (VOC) also known as non-toxic paint which will release low level toxic emissions
into the air for years after application. (Eartheasy, 2018)
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Other notable elements of green are the Indoor Environment Quality (EQ) and Indoor Air
Pollutants measurement, verification and performances. The thermal comfort is important to
maximize the working productivity and well-being of occupancy within the interior.
Additionally, the use of materials, components and products are important to determine
where its source came from and what are the content within it. The furnishing and furniture
in The Wine Shop @ Vantage Desiran consisting low or none hazardous elements to eliminate
negative environmental impact. Lastly, it is essential to include some indoor water efficiency
landscapes & water features that use discharge water from HVAC system to enhance the
interior. (Green Building Index, 2018)
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Main Body of Report
The Green Building Index or simply known as GBI was developed by the Malaysia
Green Building Confederation (MGBC), the Malaysian Institute of Interior Designers (MIID)
and the GBI Technical Committee for Green Building Index for the purpose as mentioned with
future updating and modification based on the industry standards. The MCBC and MIID took
most of the responsibility in development of the GBI Interior Tools to establish and
acknowledge copyright of the information and materials used known to MGBC/MIID, MGBC
and MIID tender their apologies for any accidental omissions. The copyright is fully owned by
Greenbuildingindex Sdn. Bhd. (GSB).
The purpose of the Green Building Index Design Reference Guide is to establish a guidelines
documents to assist in project teams in understanding the criteria for each of the main
components of the GBI Rating Criteria. The project team can use the document as a reference
when submitting for the GBI to identify examples of how and what are required for
completing a project with GBI certification. The criteria are divided into 6 further division that
correspond the sub-sections in obtaining necessary credit points. The guide is indicative and
not an exhaustive or definitive reference to the GBI rating tool. The simplified document
framework for each sub-section including its intent, description, requirements, approach and
implementation also in some occasions, provided with calculation format in order to achieve
the credit points.
The GBI will further become the base curriculum guidelines for the training of facilitators and
industry experts on the GBI Rating Tools. The classification procedures include 3 stages which
are the Application & Registration, Design Assessment (DA) and Completion & Verification
Assessment (CVA). The Assessment Criteria required the basic project information and the
overall assessment criteria consisting a total of 100 points that covers 6 main items. The GBI
Classification will be awarded if the project surpasses the certain level of points set by the GBI
rating. (Green Building Index, 2018)
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Energy Efficiency (EE)
EE 1 Engagement of Qualified Professionals 2 Points
The main intent is to ensure the project is engaged with Qualified Professionals to achieve
properly carried out design, implementation, monitoring and troubleshooting for the interior
space. There are several options for choosing suitable Qualified Professionals in the industry
for an interior space which is sustainable. The selection of Qualified Professionals team shall
represent the other interior fit-out trades as listed below:
- MEP Engineers
- C&S Engineers
- Commissioning Specialists
- Sustainability Consultants
- Quantity Surveyors
Assessment with Green Building Index Requirements 2 Points
☑ 1 Point will be awarded for the appointment of a minimum 2 Qualified Professionals.
☑ 1 Point will be awarded for the pre and post construction/fit-out signoff of the design,
drawings and bill of quantities (BQ).
Assessment Prior to Green Building Index Implementation 2 Points
2 Points are awarded for the project whereby it is appointed and supervised by MEP
Engineers, C&S Engineers and Quantity Surveyors.
EE 2 Lighting 6 Points
The main intend is to provide flexible lighting controls to optimise energy savings by
encouraging and practicing lighting design that offer greater flexibility for lighting switching
and lighting efficient fixtures for only occupied areas. The approach that can be taken is to
decrease the size of lighting zones and implementation of automatic control that allow
flexible controls on demand ensuring occupants have the ability to reduce energy
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consumption and cost. The design strategies required specifications and installation
procedures of efficient lighting fixtures in imperative for controlling the amount of energy use
for lighting. Designers are to submit the drawings of floor plans that clearly indicate every
proposed individual switched lighting zone and its coverage areas. Also, an electrical
schematic drawing showing the locations of switching and areas that can be controlled by
manual control and automated control. The assessment also includes the lighting strategy
plan completed with lighting operating logic and the calculation of the average lighting power
density.
Assessment with Green Building Index Requirements 2 Points
☑ 1 Point will be awarded for all individual or enclosed spaces with individual switch with
lighting zones not exceed 30m2 or zoned to suit the usage of the interior for the interior space.
These switches are required to be clearly labelled and easily accessible by space occupants.
☑ 1 Point will be awarded for provision of auto-sensor controlled lighting in conjunction
with daylighting strategy for all perimeter zones and daylit areas.
☑ 1 Point will be awarded for provision of motion/proximity sensors or equivalent to
complement lighting zoning and usage of interior space. Points are awarded for average
lighting power density throughout the interior space
1 Point: Lighting density less than 9W/m2
2 Points: Lighting density less than 7W/m2
3 Points: Lighting density less than 5W/m2
Assessment Prior to Green Building Index Implementation 1 Point
☑ 1 Point is awarded for the project with properly designed lighting plans with individual
switch and all lighting zones does not exceed 30m2 or zoned to suit the usage of the interior
for the interior space. The switches in the electrical layout plan is clearly labelled and easily
accessible by occupants in each space.
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EE 2 Plug Load 6 Points
The Intent is to control the energy consumption within the interior space by ensuring only
necessary equipment, electronics and appliances required for the productivity and comfort
of occupants. These items should also be rated by the Suruhanjaya Tenaga or other GBI
approved third party certification in tandem with energy efficient equipment internal policy.
The plug load density over the interior space is a gauge of the energy efficiency of plugged
equipment.
Assessment with Green Building Index Requirements 4 Points
☑ 1 Point will be awarded for demonstrating that all plugged equipment within the interior
space has energy rating label from Suruhanjaya Tenaga or GBI acceptable third party
certification AND adoption of energy efficient plugged equipment purchasing and operating
policy in the operation of the space. Points are awarded for average plug load density over
the interior space
1 Point: Plug load density less than 12W/m2
☑ 3 Points: Plug load density less than 10W/m2
5 Points: Plug load density less than 8W/m2
Assessment Prior to Green Building Index Implementation 1 Point
☑ 1 Point is awarded for the project due to the equipment within the interior are energy
rated by the Suruhanjaya Tenaga or third part GBI certification which adopt the energy
efficient strategies. However, there is no documents regarding the calculation of the plug load
density can be found. Therefore, no additional points will be awarded for the plug load
density.
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EE 3 Air Conditioning System 6 Points
Researches and GBI experts have found out that Air Conditioning is the biggest energy
consumer in the residential nor commercial space. Designers are trying the best way to
reduce the unnecessary use of air conditioning to ensure the energy usage is kept to a
minimum. In addition, the air conditioning equipment procured and installed within the
conditioned space plays a vital role in the energy efficiency of a building. The main intent is
to encourage the adoption of on demand air conditioning systems for the interior complete
with on/off capabilities to suite the usage of interior spaces. Each occupant will procure and
operate only energy efficient plugged equipment which are necessary for the operating of the
space. The designers are needed to identify areas with different air conditioning loads.
Perimeter with high solar loads and the internal zones are served by dedicated equipment
and air supply. As such, open areas with perimeter and internal should also be served by on
demand multiple units or controllable air supply to match the internal load profile coming
from the human movements and variety of carried out tasks in the conditioned space.
Assessment with Green Building Index Requirements 6 Points
☑ 1 Point will be awarded for the provision of an on-demand control for air conditioning use
for e.g. Multiple units for open spaces, Variable Air Volume (VAV) boxes, VAV diffusers etc.
☑ 1 Point will be awarded for the 5 Star MEPS Suruhanjaya Tenaga rating for all air
conditioning equipment installed, or COP of the air conditioning equipment (including central
plant) betters the minimum requirement stipulated in MS 1525 by 25%.
☑ 2 Points will be awarded for Air conditioning equipment/supply with on demand
capability for perimeter zones and internal area.
☑ 2 Points will be awarded for Air conditioning equipment/supply with on demand
capability for area of different use and rooms.
Assessment Prior to Green Building Index Implementation 6 Points
☑ 6 Points is awarded whereby the building fulfilled all assessment requirements for Air
Conditioning.
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EE 4 Measurement, Verification and EE Performance 8 Points
The main intent is to promote the capability for the measurement and verification of energy
usage for the interior space. It also encourages the use of meters for energy components and
the collection of data for monitoring and tracking the energy usage of the space. The collected
data will then be compute with the requirements of Space Energy Intensity (SEI) to benchmark
against industry standards. It encourages awareness and quantification of energy use within
the interior space to further refine the energy efficiency of the space and identifying the
actual use of energy. The approach and implementation can be made by designing and
installing electrical meters to monitor the use of the following:
- Lighting
- Plug Load
- Air Conditioning System
In interior spaces where metering is provided by the base building, meters are to be installed,
and used in conjunction with the base building meter provided for energy use identification
and calculation of SEI. For interior spaces which are air conditioned through centralized
systems, the energy use from the air conditioning system in use is to be obtained from the
base building operator and be included in the calculation of SEI. When this is not possible,
projected calculation may be used to estimate the energy use by the centralized air
conditioning system. The SEI represent the total space energy consumption per year / interior
space area whereby it is multiplied by the benchmark operating hours is 2700 hours per year.
Assessment with Green Building Index Requirements 3 Points
The Provision of meters for energy components or obtaining quantum of energy components
from base building:
☑ 3 Points: SEI < 75 kWh/m2/year
Assessment Prior to Green Building Index Implementation 0 Point
0 Point is awarded due to there are no documents regarding the calculation of EE
performances therefore no point will be awarded under this item.
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Indoor Environmental Quality (EQ)
EQ 1 Minimum IAQ Performances 2 Points
The main intent is to determine the existing IAQ condition in the tenanted space and to
implement an active IAQ management program to ensure the comfort and well-being of the
occupants in tenanted spaces. In order to gain assessment points, the project has to carry out
an internal air quality audit to determine the present IAQ condition in the tenanted space to
ensure the health and well-being of the occupants. Undertake improvement measures to
meet the failed parameters and carry out IAQ tests to verify efficacy of the improvement
measures. Designing building ventilation system to meet the minimum requirement specified
in ASHRAE 62.1-2013 ensures adequate fresh air is available to occupants in the tenanted
space. The Ventilation Rate Procedure or the Indoor Air Quality Procedures can be used to
determine the minimum required ventilation rates for various applications. Ventilation Rate
Procedure is more straight-forward to apply. The IAQ Procedure of ASHRAE 62.1 is a
performance-based procedure that addresses designing the ventilation system to maintain
acceptable levels of known contaminants. In general, all point used in the office shall be
reviewed in reference to IAQ compliance such as low VOC paint, dust free, formaldehyde free
and others related criteria. The same principles shall be applied to any renovation and fit-out
works carried out in the office, in which low VOC paint, and formaldehyde free materials shall
be used, along with adequate mechanical ventilation to the working area for the removal of
dust & polluted air. Some elements of these requirements are in the Green Office Guide. All
enclosed areas are fitted with CO2 sensors and in the event CO2 levels are above 1000ppm,
office personnel are trained to keep the doors open until the CO2 levels are below the
threshold. If CO2 levels remain above 1000ppm for prolonged periods, we will check the CO2
monitors in the AHU rooms and contact the management office for remedial actions.
Assessment with Green Building Index Requirements 2 Points
☑ 1 Point will be awarded if the project has an air quality (IAQ) audit to determine present
IAQ condition in the tenanted space to ensure the health and well-being of occupants. If the
IAQ Audit results failed to meet specified parameters of the point checks, undertake
improvement measures to meet the failed parameters and carry out IAQ Tests to verify
efficacy of the improvement measures.
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☑ 1 Point will be awarded for the development and implementation of active IAQ
management program: When tenants do not have control or responsibility over the ACMV
system, the ventilation rate in ASHRAE 62.1:2010 or local building code (or other equivalent
codes and regulations recognized by the GBI) shall be referred to as a guided mechanism for
the measurement of the IAQ performances.
Assessment Prior to Green Building Index Implementation 0 Points
0 Point is awarded due to the project does not have any supporting documents or test
regarding the Indoor Air Quality. Therefore, no point will be awarded under this item.
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EQ 2 Indoor Air Pollutants 3 Points
The main intent is to minimize the detrimental impact on occupant’s health by practicing the
use of low Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) and Formaldehyde Content materials to
promote healthy indoor living. The credit requirements should be clearly stated in project
specifications. Provide cut-sheets, material safety data sheets, certificates and test reports.
Submittal of the compliance documentation is a pre-requisite for product approval. 2. All
materials (including adhesive) should be tested and certified by independent laboratories
prior to installation with certifications and/or test reports based on ASTM D5116 – Standard
Guide for Small-Scale Environmental Chamber Determinations of Organic Emissions from
Indoor Materials / Products and /or ASTM D6670 – Standard Practice for Full-Scale Chamber
Determination of Volatile Organic Emissions from Indoor Materials / Products or equivalent.
The test shall define the total response of individual VOCs based on the listing of measured
carcinogens and reproductive toxins identified by the local health authorities or the
International Agency on Research on Cancer (IARC).
Assessment with Green Building Index Requirements 3 Points
☑ 1 Point will be awarded if all purchase materials used are sustainable and environmentally
friendly products recognised by approved local certification body or equivalent
environmental certification for ceiling, walls, floor, furniture/finishes, furnishing and fittings.
☑ 1 Point will be awarded if fully fulfilled the requirements stated below:
1. All new paints and surface coverings shall use low VOC emission paints and coating
throughout the building. Paints and Coatings to comply with requirements specified
in international labelling schemes recognized by GBI.
2. All new flooring coverings shall use low VOC emission flooring materials throughout
the building. Flooring materials to comply with requirements specified in international
labelling schemes recognised by GBI. Carpets to comply with requirements specified
in international labelling schemes recognized by GBI. Other types of flooring to comply
with requirements under Floor Score developed by Science Certification System or
equivalent.
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3. Practice the use low VOC adhesive and sealant or no adhesive or sealant used.
Adhesives and sealants to comply with requirements specified in international
labelling schemes recognised by GBI.
☑ 1 Point will be awarded if the project uses product with no added urea formaldehyde.
These include:
a) Composite wood and agrifiber products defined as: particleboard, medium density
fiber board (MDF), plywood, wheat board, strawboard, panel substrates and door
cores.
b) Laminating adhesives used to fabricate on-site and shop-applied composite wood
and agrifiber assemblies.
c) Insulation foam.
d) Draperies.
Assessment Prior to Green Building Index Implementation 3 Points
☑ 1 Point is awarded for minimising the airborne contaminants, mainly from inside sources
to promote a healthy indoor environment. Purchase and use of sustainable and
environmentally friendly products recognized by approved local certification body or
equivalent environmental certification.
1) Ceiling.
2) Wall.
3) Floor.
4)Furniture/Finishes/Furnishing AND Fittings Setting of sustainable and
environmentally friendly procurement and purchasing policy.
☑ 1 Point is awarded for the use low VOC emission paint and wall coverings throughout the
building. Paints and wall coverings to comply with requirements specified in international
labelling schemes recognized by GBI, AND Use low VOC emission flooring materials
throughout the building. Flooring materials to comply with requirements specified in
international labelling schemes recognized by GBI, AND Use low VOC emission adhesive and
sealant or no adhesive or sealant used.
☑ 1 Point is awarded for the use products with no added urea formaldehyde.
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EQ 3 Thermal Comfort, Design & Controllability of Systems 2 Points
The main intent is to provide a thermal environment that is comfortable and supports the
productivity and well-being of building occupants. This can be achieved by providing a high
level of thermal comfort system controlled by individual occupants or specific groups in multi-
occupant spaces to promote indoor comfort. The conditions for thermal comfort include the
primary factors of air temperature, radiant temperature, air speed and humidity. Comfort
system control for this purpose is defined as the provision of control over at least one of these
primary factors in the occupants’ local environment. The base building was designed in
accordance with the ASHRAE Standard 55 in conjunction with the following localised
parameters as listed in MS1525. The parameters are as follows:
Assessment with Green Building Index Requirements 2 Points
☑ 1 Point will be awarded for project that is designed to the latest edition of ASHRAE
Standard 55 (Thermal Environmental Conditions for Human Occupancy) in conjunction with
the relevant localised parameters as listed in MS 1525:2007
☑ 1 Point will be awarded if the project provides individual comfort control for ≥ 75% of the
building occupants to enable adjustments to suit individual task needs and preferences AND
Provide comfort system controls for all shared multi-occupant spaces to enable adjustments
to suit group needs and preferences.
Assessment Prior to Green Building Index Implementation 2 Points
☑ 1 Point is awarded for the latest design edition of ASHRAE Standard 55 (Thermal
Environmental Conditions for Human Occupancy) in conjunction with the relevant localised
parameters as listed in MS1525.
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☑ 1 Point is awarded if the individuals are provided with comfort controls for all interior
spaces to enable adjustments to suit group needs and preferences; OR Provide comfort
system controls for all shared-multi occupant spaces to enable adjustments to suit group
needs and preferences.
EQ 4 Carbon Dioxide Monitoring & Control 2 Points
The main intent is to provide capacity for effective ventilation monitoring and control system
to ensure the comfort and well-being of building occupants. The approach and
implementation that can be done is to install the carbon dioxide monitoring system that
conservatively measures ensuring different spaces receive adequate outdoor air for their
current occupancy and the ventilation system can be adjusted to ventilate according to the
changing requirements and needs. This will help ensuring every occupant will receive
sufficient outdoor air at all times within the interior. There are seven CO2 sensors installed
within this office fit-out area as shown. The sensors are
connected to a localized BMS system for continuous
monitoring and logging of CO2 levels in the office environment.
When the CO2 levels exceed 1,000ppm, a bright red light is
visible on the sensor panel. Training has been provided to all
employees in the office to perform the following actions when the warning light comes on: a.
Open doors to enclosed spaces such as meeting rooms to dilute/ reduce the CO2 levels. b.
Open main doors to elevator lobbies and/or stairwells when CO2 levels in open/general areas
exceed the permissible levels. These CO2 sensors are not linked to the main building
ventilation control system and only act as indicators to display the detected CO2
concentrations at the respective locations. As such, the continuous logging of data may be
used to establish an understanding of the CO2 levels in this office for a scheduled manual
ventilation of the spaces to ensure CO2 levels are maintained below the 1,000ppm level.
Figure below is the example of a Thermostat located next to the CO2 sensors in meeting
rooms and multi occupant spaces.
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Assessment with Green Building Index Requirements 2 Points
☑ 1 Point will be awarded if the building is installed with carbon dioxide (CO2) monitoring
and control system with at least one (1) CO2 sensor at main return air points on each floor to
facilitate continuous monitoring and adjustment of outside air ventilation rates to each floor.
☑ 1 Point will be awarded for ensuring independent control of ventilation rates to maintain
CO2 level < 1,000 ppm at all tenanted indoor spaces. CO2 sensors should be checked and
verified every three years and be able to be re-calibrated.
Assessment Prior to Green Building Index Implementation 2 Points
☑ 1 Point is awarded if the building provides response monitoring of carbon dioxide levels
to ensure delivery of minimum indoor air requirements: Facilitate continuous monitoring and
adjustment of indoor air ventilation rates at all interior spaces by design and ensure
independent control of ventilation rates to maintain CO2 level ≤ 1,000 ppm.
☑ 1 Point will be awarded if the independent space monitoring adjustment system of CO2
rates at all interior spaces by design, and to ensure independent control of ventilation rates
to maintain CO2 level ≤ 1,000 ppm.
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EQ 5 Mould Prevention 2 Points
The main intent is to prevent the growth of microbial contamination in the building to ensure
the health and well-being of occupants within the interior. Design systems can reduce the risk
of mould growth and its associated detrimental impact of human health. The most effective
way to control indoor mould growth is through elimination of moisture. It is important to dry
water damaged areas and items within 24 to 48 hours to prevent mould growth. Humidity in
spaces and ductwork has to be controlled throughout construction and occupation of the
building.
Assessment with Green Building Index Requirements 2 Points
☑ 1 Point will be awarded if the project demonstrate that the air-conditioning and
mechanical ventilation system will maintain a positive indoor air pressure relative to the
exterior and can actively control indoor air humidity to be no more than 70% RH without the
use of primary active reheat system (which consumes additional energy).
☑ 1 Point will be awarded if the project has taken excessive moisture into consideration
during design, and be controlled and monitored during construction and operation stages by
control of the following:
- Rainwater leakage through roof and walls.
- Infiltration of moist air.
- Diffusion of moisture through walls, roofs and floors.
- Groundwater intrusion into basement and crawl spaces through walls and floors.
- Leaking or burst pipes.
- Indoor moisture sources.
- Construction moisture.
- Inappropriate maintenance of air conditioning.
Assessment Prior to Green Building Index Implementation 2 Points
☑ 1 Point is awarded if the Design system(s) which reduce the risk of mould growth and its
associated detrimental impact on occupant health. Where it is demonstrated that the
mechanical air-conditioned ventilation system will maintain a positive indoor air pressure
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relative to the exterior and can actively control indoor air humidity to be no more than 70%
RH without the use of active control that will consume additional energy.
☑ 1 Point is awarded if the building is preventing against the growth of mould through the
selection of materials as stated above.
EQ 6 Daylighting 1 Point
The main intent is to encourage the use of diffused daylighting into the interior of the building
without any artificial lighting. This can be done by good lighting design and higher
implementation level of diffused daylight to illuminate the interior naturally. The Daylight
system for building includes window, façade shading/light deflecting devices, roof lights and
atrium spaces. The Daylight Factor is the ratio of indoor light level measured on the working
plane to the outdoor light level during overcast conditions with no direct sun. For a daylit
space, to ensure visual comfort, the lighting level should be uniform with no great contrast.
Assessment with Green Building Index Requirements 1 Point
☑ 1 Point will be awarded if the interior demonstrates that ≥ 50% of the NLA has a Daylight
Factor in the range of 1.0 – 3.5% as measured at the working plane, 800mm from floor level.
Assessment Prior to Green Building Index Implementation 1 Point
☑ 1 Point is awarded for demonstrating that ≥ 50% of the lighting came from natural
daylight.
EQ 7 Daylight Glare Control 1 Point
Glare issues typically arise during periods of low angle sun (early morning and late afternoons)
and during periods with bright sky. Glare control should therefore be designed to ensure both
a view out and some level of daylight when the systems are engaged. The main intent is to
reduce discomfort of glare produced from natural lighting. Therefore, it is vital for designers
to ensure daylighting system is designed with adequate and proper glare control in order not
to negate the benefits of daylighting.
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Assessment with Green Building Index Requirements 1 Point
☑ 1 Point will be awarded if the building could ensure maximum comfort by reducing glare
from the natural light. This can be implemented by installing blinds or screens are fitted on
glazing and atrium as a base building, incorporate provisions to meet the following criteria:
1. Eliminate glare from all direct sun penetration and keep horizontal workspace
luminance level below 2000 lux.
2. Eliminate glare from diffused sky radiation for occupant workspace at viewing
angles of
15° to 60° from the horizontal at eye level (typically 1.2m from floor level).
3. Control with an automatic monitoring system (for atrium and windows with incident
direct sun light only – not applicable for fixed blinds/screens).
4. Equip with a manual override function accessible by occupants (not applicable for
fixed blinds/screens).
Assessment Prior to Green Building Index Implementation 1 Point
☑ 1 Point is awarded for the building for fulfilling all assessment criteria stated above.
EQ 8 Electrical Lighting Levels 1 Point
The main intent is to ensure all office lighting levels are not over-designed to prevent over
interior illumination. The interior lighting should be designed in accordance to MS1525:2014
for different types of spaces. The ambient lighting level should be designed in accordance
with the illuminance level recommended in MS1525:2014. Task lighting may be provided for
occupants who require a higher lighting level either for their own preference or for various
task needs.
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Assessment with Green Building Index Requirements 1 Point
☑ 1 Point will be awarded if the lighting baseline of the building is not to be over designed:
Demonstrate that office lighting design maintains a luminance level of no more than specified
in MS1525 for 90% of interior spaces as measured at the working plane (800mm above the
floor level) or other acceptable lighting guidelines.
Assessment Prior to Green Building Index Implementation 1 Point
☑ 1 Point is awarded for the project for fulfilling the assessment criteria stated above.
EQ 9 High Frequency Ballasts 1 Point
The main intent ensures the interior is providing a comfortable visual working environment
for occupants. This can be implemented by increasing workplace amenities by avoiding low
frequency flickers that may be associated with fluorescent light fixtures. Each high frequency
ballasts in fluorescent luminaries have to be specified ranging from 20kHz and higher will
provide smoother, non-flickering lamp operation. At this frequency, the flicker is totally
undetectable to the human eye and sensory faculty. Figure below is the example of a
Electronic Ballast.
Assessment with Green Building Index Requirements 1 Point
☑ 1 Point is awarded if the interior is installed with high frequency ballasts in fluorescent
luminaires for 100% of interior spaces. Also, to increase workplace amenity by avoiding low
frequency flicker that may be associated with fluorescent lighting.
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Assessment Prior to Green Building Index Implementation 0 Point
0 Point is awarded due to there are no supporting documents which indicate the Electronic
Ballast installation for interior lighting fixtures.
EQ 10 External View 1 Point
The main intent is to reduce eyestrain for occupants by providing a long distance view and
visual connection to outdoor solutions. Provision of view to the outside for building occupants
to achieve benefits of relaxation and connectivity with the outdoor environment. Column free
spaces and low interior partitions should be designed if possible. Offices should locate open
plan areas along the perimeter of the façade, while private offices and areas not regularly
occupied should be placed at the core of the building. Maintaining the views for spaces near
the core is the primary design objective.
Assessment with Green Building Index Requirements 1 Point
☑ 1 Point will be awarded if the interior demonstrates that ≥ 75% of all working spaces has
a direct line of sight through vision glazing at a height of 1.2m from the floor level.
Assessment Prior to Green Building Index Implementation 1 Point
☑ 1 Point is awarded whereby the interior has ≥ 75% of direct line of sight through vision
glazing at a height of 1.2m from the floor level.
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EQ 11 Internal Noise Level 1 Point
The main intent is to ensure the building is properly designed to maintain a comfortable
acoustic environment for occupants. Excessive noise can cause discomfort to occupants.
Some of the solutions to ensure acceptable noise level is maintained include:
- Specify acoustical ceiling.
- Specify furniture with sound absorbing surfaces on both sides.
- Locate photocopiers, fax machines away from the main office areas in a separate area.
- Insulate partition cavities.
- Mechanical equipment room to be located away from office and conference rooms.
Therefore, it is important to maintain the internal noise level at an acceptable and tolerable
level.
Assessment with Green Building Index Requirements 1 Point
☑ 1 Point will be awarded if the building demonstrates all working spaces do not exceed the
following ambient internal noise level:
- Within the entire building general office, space noise does not exceed 40dBAeq OR
- Within the baseline building office space, the sound level does not exceed 45dBAeq
for open plan and does not exceed 40dBAeq for closed offices.
Assessment Prior to Green Building Index Implementation 0 Point
0 Point is awarded due to the building is still unoccupied thus no access is granted to conduct
this test.
EQ 12 IAQ Before & During Occupancy 1 Point
The main intent is to maintain a good Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) condition for both before
building occupancy and during building occupancy. The reduction of indoor air quality
problems resulting from the construction process in order to help sustain the comfort and
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wellbeing of building occupants. The approaches that can be implemented are options 1 and
2, whereby flush air procedure may begin once all construction work is completed. As the
purpose of flushing out is to evacuate air-borne contaminants in the building, the most
effective way is to use non-polluting interior materials as a source control. Option 3, IAQ
testing procedure to confirm that the major contaminants are below recognized acceptable
levels. This helps to ensure good indoor air quality for occupants.
Assessment with Green Building Index Requirements 0 Point
0 Point is awarded due to the site is still unoccupied with no tenant preventing human access
within the interior. Therefore, no tests as stated below can be conducted.
1. Perform a building flush-out by supplying outdoor air to provide not less than 10 air
changes/hour (ACH) for at least 30 minutes operation before occupancy and
continuous minimum 1 ACH during the initial 14 days occupancy of the completed
building, OR
2. If low VOC materials and low formaldehyde composite wood are used (EQ4 is
achieved), then building flush-out can be performed by supplying outdoor air to
provide not less than 10 ACH for at least 15 minutes operation or not less than 6 ACH
for at least 30 minutes operation and continuous 1ACH during the initial 7 days
occupancy of the completed building, OR
3. Within 6 months of occupancy, conduct IAQ testing to demonstrate maximum
concentrations for pollutants are not exceeded according to the Indoor Air Quality
Code of Malaysia, AND
4. During Occupancy Phase: An IAQ audit will be carried out to determine if present
IAQ is conducive or detrimental to occupants.
Assessment Prior to Green Building Index Implementation 0 Point
0 Point is awarded due to the site is still unoccupied with no tenant preventing human access
within the interior. Therefore, no tests as stated above can be conducted.
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EQ 13 Post Occupancy Comfort Survey: Verification 1 Point
The main intent is to provide verification for the comfort of the occupants in the building by
conducting a post occupancy comfort survey and undertake measures to rectify the looming
problems after the survey analysis. The approach that can be implemented is by providing a
systematic process and system for occupants to provide feedback on their indoor
environmental comfort. The survey should collect responses from a significant and
representative sample of occupants. The subjective survey should be accompanied with
objective measurements of the relevant environmental variables. Short term monitoring or
spot measurements should be done once problem areas have been identified through the
survey. Corrective actions should then be undertaken to rectify the problem areas identified
to improve the indoor environmental conditions of the occupants.
Assessment with Green Building Index Requirements 0 Point
0 Point is awarded due to the site is still unoccupied with no tenant preventing human access
within the interior. Therefore, no further survey as stated above can be conducted. Conduct
a post-occupancy comfort survey of building occupants within 3 to 6 months after occupancy.
This survey should collect anonymous responses about thermal comfort, visual comfort and
acoustic comfort in interior spaces. It should include an assessment of overall satisfaction with
thermal, visual and acoustic performance and identification of thermal-related, visual-related
and acoustic-related problems. Develop a plan for corrective action if the survey results
indicate that more than 20% of occupants are dissatisfied with the overall comfort in the
tenanted spaces. This plan should include measurement of relevant environmental variables
in problem areas. The relevant environmental variables include:
1) Temperature, relative humidity, air speed and mean radiant temperature.
2) Lighting level and glare problem.
3) Background noise level.
4) Odour problem, CO2 level, VOCs, and particulate concentration.
Assessment Prior to Green Building Index Implementation 0 Point
0 Point is awarded due to the site is still unoccupied with no tenant preventing human access
within the interior. Therefore, no further survey as stated above can be conducted.
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Sustainable Planning & Management (SM)
SM 1 Building Selection 1 Point
The main intent is to encourage the selection of sustainable base building that is awarded
with a GBI certificate. The base building refers to the existing shell condition of a building prior
to the installation of tenant improvements. The base building of a structure consists of the
fundamental elements that are structurally necessary for the building and does not usually
change. Green Building Index (GBI) certification requires the whole base building to be
properly designed and sustainably maintained to remain green.
Assessment with Green Building Index Requirements 1 Point
☑ 1 Point is awarded for the selection of a GBI-certified building. Base building shall be
certified under one of the following GBI Assessment criteria:
- NRNC Non-Residential New Construction
- NREB Non-Residential Existing Building
- RNC Residential New Construction
- IEB Industrial Existing Building
- INC Industrial New Construction
Lapse in renewal, failure to achieve, or, for whatever reason, unable to maintain the validity
of base building GBI certified status, would render disqualification or revocation of point
under this category.
Assessment Prior to Green Building Index Implementation 1 Point
☑ 1 Point is awarded whereby the site is certified under INC Industrial New Construction.
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SM 2 Refurbishment of Existing or Abandoned Interior Space 1 Point
The main intent is to encourage retrofitting existing or abandoned interior space. Building
reuse is an effective means of achieving both economic and sustainability goals. The
refurbishment of an existing or abandoned interior space is to minimize the abandonment of
older buildings, thus minimizing the need for extensive demolition and rebuilding of new
buildings which will cause unnecessary demands on resources. Refurbishment of an existing
or abandoned interior space is also an effective method to re-establish the value of the
existing building. There are a few approached that can be implemented as following:
- Identification of the existing building interiors that can be maintained. For existing
buildings that have a GBI Certification, priority shall be given to the maintenance of
the structures and facilities of the original structure.
- For spaces with existing interior fit-out, prior to the current refurbishment, the original
interior fit-out is to be compared with the alteration done. There may be additional
fit-out or fittings, which may require removal to reinstate the original structure of the
interiors. Consideration is required on whether the additional fit-out or fittings are
contributory to sustainability or a hindrance. In the case where any original fit-out or
fittings have been removed, consideration is required on the reinstallation or
alternative improvements which shall be included in the refurbishment exercise to
ensure a sustainable outcome.
- Design of areas with identification of improvements to existing structures to maintain
at least 25% of the original interiors space (based on cost) of the existing fit-out and/or
finishes.
- Justify the necessity to improve on the existing interior spaces based the various
applicable GBI Interiors Tool credits.
Assessment with Green Building Index Requirements 1 Point
☑ 1 Point will be awarded for refurbishment of existing interior spaces that maintain >25%
(based on cost/volume/area) of the existing fit-out and/or finishes
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Assessment Prior to Green Building Index Implementation 0 Point
0 Point is awarded due to the site is still unoccupied and have no tenant occupying the space.
Thus, there are no refurbishment or renovation plans as for now.
SM 3 Public Transportation Access 1 Point
The main intent is to encourage the reduction of heavy dependence on private transport,
which is a big contributor of Green House Gases (GHG) in cities. Community-based strategies
need to be explored and implemented to encourage responsible land use and transit-oriented
development designed to increase public transit ridership. An interior space of a building
located within easy access to public transportation stops/hubs will encourage the reduction
of private vehicles in cities, especially if the public transportation facilities are adequate and
interconnected, allowing an easy access from surrounding residential areas to commercial or
work destinations. Therefore, it is important to identify the availability of active public
transportation stop(s) or interchange(s) within the vicinity.
Assessment with Green Building Index Requirements 1 Point
☑ 1 Point will be awarded if the Interior spaces of buildings located within 500m from a
Public Transport Stop. OR Interior spaces of buildings located within 1km from a Public
Transport Interchange.
Assessment Prior to Green Building Index Implementation 1 Point
☑ 1 Point is awarded due to the location of the interior space of the building is located
within 500m from a Public Transport Stop.
SM 4 Community Connectivity 1 Point
The intent is to encourage the selection of a building close to basic community amenities. The
building location is important because it is vital to be located in an area where people can
walk to services they use, with basic services located within 1km of the building for easy
access and eliminate the use of public transportation whenever possible. Therefore, it is
crucial to identify the available basic services around 1km radius within the building.
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Assessment with Green Building Index Requirements 1 Point
1 Point will be awarded out of the Basic Services listed below that are within 1km AND with
availability of pedestrian access between the building and the services:
☑ 1) Bank / Electronic Banking Centre ☑ 11) Medical / Dental
☑ 2) Place of Worship 12) Senior Care Facility
☑ 3) Convenience Store / Grocery / Supermarket 13) Park / Recreational Facilities
4) Day Care ☑ 14) Pharmacy
5) Police Station 15) Post Office
☑ 6) Fire Station ☑ 16) Restaurant
☑ 7) Beauty Salon ☑ 17) School
☑ 8) Hardware Shop 18) Theatre
☑ 9) Laundry ☑ 19) Community Centre
10) Library ☑ 20) Fitness Centre
Assessment Prior to Green Building Index Implementation 1 Point
☑ 1 Point is awarded for fulfilling the assessment requirements stated above.
SM 5 Sustainable Space Design 10 Points
The main intent is to encourage sustainable interior space design by eliminating negative
environmental impact through skilful, sensitive design, which takes into consideration the
well-being of its tenants in the long run. It can be implemented by identifying the needs of
tenants, giving considerations of the available space to maximize allocations of space catering
to the well-being of tenants. Also, to consider the ease and ergonomics of the sustainable
space designs to ensure that the space allocated will not hinder the daily activities of the
tenants, and to ensure that the sustainable space designed will be used as part of the available
daily facilities to the tenants.
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Assessment with Green Building Index Requirements 8 Points
1 up to 10 Points will be awarded for each sustainable space design listed below, up to a
maximum of 10 Points. Project team may submit any new items not listed below to GBI for
consideration and approval.
☑ 1. Provision of an open plan layout ≥ 50% OR other equivalent space(s).
☑ 2. Provision of flexible plan layout ≥ 25% OR other equivalent space(s).
☑ 3. Provision of wireless connectivity.
4. Use of demountable partition OR any other equivalent pre-fabricated system(s).
☑ 5. Provision of a dedicated enclosed space with exhaust to accommodate
photocopy machines and/or plotters to contain the O3 emissions OR any other
equivalent space(s).
6. Provision of a dedicated Recreation OR Break-out OR any other equivalent space(s)
to cater to occupant needs.
7. Provision of Nursing Room OR Child Care Space OR Sick Bay with First-Aid Facilities
OR any other equivalent space(s).
☑ 8. Provision of a Surau/place of worship OR other equivalent space(s).
☑ 9. Adoption of Universal Access Design(s).
☑ 10. Hot desking 30% of work stations.
☑ 11. Provision of a fully equipped pantry to cater to occupant needs.
12. Provision of a fully equipped Library / Resource centre to cater occupant needs.
Assessment Prior to Green Building Index Implementation 8 Points
☑ 8 Points are awarded for fulfilling the assessment requirements stated above.
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SM 6 Indoor Greenscape & Indoor Water Feature 2 Points
The main intent is to encourage the provision of indoor greenscape within the interior space
design. Indoor greenscapes create additional dimensions to interior spaces and are capable
of defining areas within a floor plan. Interior greenscapes contribute to cleaner indoor air as
well as act as a natural respite, enhancing the physical and mental health and wellbeing of its
tenants. The approach that can be implemented is by include native/adaptive plants suitable
for indoor use that complements the interior fit-out shall be selected over sensitive and exotic
variants into the interior design.
Assessment with Green Building Index Requirements 2 Points
☑ 1 Point is awarded if the interior provides indoor greenscape with native/adaptive plants
to ≥ 1% of the total Interior Floor Space.
☑ 2 Points are awarded where the interior provides indoor greenscape with native/adaptive
plants to ≥ 3% of the total Interior Floor Space.
Assessment Prior to Green Building Index Implementation 2 Points
☑ 2 Points are awarded where the interior provides indoor greenscape with native/adaptive
plants to ≥ 3% of the total Interior Floor Space.
SM 7 Sustainable Construction 1 Point
The main intent is to adopt and implement Sustainable Construction strategies during the fit-
out period. Sustainable construction aims at reducing the environmental impact of a building
over its entire lifetime, while optimizing its economic viability and the comfort and safety of
its tenants. This includes the practice of sustainability even during the construction process.
A few approaches that can be implemented including considering the use of materials and
systems that will allow preparation of indoor systems that can be installed with minimal time
and material waste on site. Materials and systems should take into consideration the
necessity for wet or dry trades. Also, schedule the interior space installations and renovations
to allow daytime implementation as opposed to night time installation to maximize
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harnessing of daylight on site. Not to forget, careful planning and consideration of equipment
for installation and renovation of the interior spaces using electrical / mechanical equipment
and/or appliances.
Assessment with Green Building Index Requirements 1 Point
☑ 1 Point will be awarded for compliance with any of the items listed below:
1) Reduce potable water consumption by reducing wet trades
2) Reduce energy use by harnessing daylight,
3) Reduce energy use through energy efficient equipment and/or appliances.
Assessment Prior to Green Building Index Implementation 1 Point
☑ 1 Point is awarded due to the building is designed to harness and control daylight
illuminating the interior.
SM 8 Construction Pollution Control Policy 1 Point
The main intent is to implement policy and strategies for construction pollution control during
the fit-out phase. Construction site practices will determine the control and prevention of
pollution. Specific measures can be taken to mitigate risks of dust spreading, selection of non-
toxic paints, solvents and other hazardous materials whenever possible, reduction of noise
pollution through careful handling of materials, use of modern and quiet, low vibration power
tools and generations, low impact technologies and wall structures as sound shields. A few
approaches that can be used to implement are by conducting a pre-construction survey and
studies to create a policy/strategy for pollution control to be employed during construction /
renovation / installation. Also, to include relevant clause/condition in the tender documents
for compliance by contractors and lastly to carry out an induction of the construction workers
on the policy/ strategy.
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Assessment with Green Building Index Requirements 0 Point
0 Point is awarded due to the site had already finish construction prior to my visit. Therefore,
no points can be given due to lack of supporting documents and construction proofs.
1 Point will be awarded if the interior is in compliance by implementing policy and strategies
to reduce construction related dust, noise, water, air pollutant and vibration.
Assessment Prior to Green Building Index Implementation 0 Point
0 Point is awarded due to the site had already finish construction prior to my visit. Therefore,
no points can be given due to lack of supporting documents and construction proofs.
SM 9 Storage & Collection of Recyclables 1 Point
The main intent is to encourage the reduction of waste generated during construction and
during building occupancy that is hauled and disposed of in landfills. The practice of collecting
recyclables helps divert waste from landfills and encourages responsible reuse/recycling of
resources. Facilitate reduction of waste generated during construction and during building
occupancy that is hauled and disposed-off in landfills. A few ways to approach the problem is
to designate a dedicated area where on-site sorting of waste materials can be stored in
separate skips for collection to recycling facilities during construction. This is tied in with
credit MR6: Construction Waste Management. During Building Occupancy, designate storage
areas for recyclable materials that are clearly labeled for recycling, placed within accessible
reach of the building occupants and in a location with easy vehicular access to facilitate
collection. The size of the storage space allocated should be adequate to store the recyclable
waste volume generated by the building occupants/operation.
Assessment with Green Building Index Requirements 0 Point
0 Point is awarded due to the site had already done construction, therefore no further
evidence could support the statement above.
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1 Point will be awarded for compliance of the following:
1) During Construction, provide dedicated area/s and storage for collection of non-hazardous
materials for recycling, AND
2) During Building Occupancy, provide permanent recycle bins for both non-hazardous and
waste material.
Assessment Prior to Green Building Index Implementation 0 Point
0 Point is awarded due to the site had already done construction, therefore no further
evidence could support the statement above.
SM 10 Construction Waste Management 1 Point
The main intent is to develop and implement a construction waste management plan to
reduce and recycle construction waste materials and divert from disposal to landfills. Also, it
is vital to identify the materials to be diverted from disposal regardless of whether the
materials will be sorted on site or co-mingled. Quantify by measuring total truck loads of
waste sent for disposal. The approaches that can be taken into considerations are to create a
waste management plan must be developed and types of construction waste identified.
Excavated soil must be excluded in the calculation. Not to forget, to identify construction
haulers and recyclers to handle the designated construction waste and ensure that records
are kept to verify that the materials diverted have been recycled or salvaged as intended.
Lastly, the construction works are encourages to use pre-cast reduces waste produced on site.
Assessment with Green Building Index Requirements 0 Point
0 Point is awarded due to the site had already done construction thus there are no further
evidences and proof of the construction waste volume.
1 Point will be awarded if the construction waste consisting of ≥ 75% volume Recycle and/or
salvage of non-hazardous construction debris.
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Assessment Prior to Green Building Index Implementation 0 Point
0 Point is awarded due to the site had already done construction thus there are no further
evidences and proof of the construction waste volume.
SM 11 Site Safety 1 Point
The main intent is to implement a Site Amenities Plan and Safety and Health strategies for all
construction workers. It was reported that the fatal injury rate for the construction industry
is higher than the national average in this category for all industries. To prevent the potential
hazards to construction workers, OSHA regulations are required in the construction industry,
and shall be for implemented during construction / renovations / installations activities. There
are a few approaches that can be taken into consideration and implement such as:
- Define guidelines and policies for safety and health measures to be applied to the site
during construction.
- Use of appropriate (Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) on site.
- A safety officer must be available to inspect and approve site equipment and to ensure
the safety of workers on site during construction.
- First aid kits shall be made available during construction on site in case of
emergencies. Emergency contact numbers to hospitals, fire department or legal
enforcement offices are to be listed, along with ready on-site communication devices,
such as telephones.
- Fire extinguisher in working order shall be on site.
- Examination of all electrical sockets and wiring to ensure that all items are in excellent
working condition.
Assessment with Green Building Index Requirements 1 Point
☑ 1 Point will be awarded if a Site Amenities Plan is implemented; e.g. accommodation,
toilet facilities and any other Site Amenities deemed applicable for construction works, AND
implementation of strategies to meet the requirements of the Occupational Safety and Health
Act 1994 (Act 514).
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Assessment Prior to Green Building Index Implementation 1 Point
☑ 1 Point is awarded whereby prior to construction there is a Site Amenities Plan which
include the worker’s accommodation, toilet facilities, machineries zone and also Safety
instructions hording at the front entrance.
SM 12 Green Procurement & Operation Policy 2 Points
The main intent is to commit to and demonstrate best practice in green purchasing and
sustainable daily operational solutions that are environmentally responsible and create a
culture where sustainability is integrated into daily activities. A company policy is the guiding
principle of the operations of a company; hence a green procurement and operations policy
in place is necessary for a long-term sustainability outcome in offices. The approaches that
can be implemented are as follow:
- Create and implement a holistic green procurement and operations policy.
- Company handbook on the use of office equipment and consumables.
- Communication strategy through labels or posters at strategic locations.
- Training for all existing and new tenants on the company’s green policies.
Assessment with Green Building Index Requirements 2 Points
1 up to 2 Points will be awarded for any of the items listed below:
1) Procure and/or use multi-functional office equipment and/or appliances for entire
office operations.
☑ 2) Procure and use environment friendly cleaning products and/or services.
3) Procure and use environment friendly stationery for ≥ 75% of total stationery.
☑ 4) Procure and use paper, which consists of ≥50% recycled content.
☑ 5) Procure and use paper products, which consist of ≥50% recycle content or
alternative fiber products.
6) Paperless office.
7) Any other relevant Green Procurement and Operation initiatives accepted by GBI.
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Assessment Prior to Green Building Index Implementation 0 Point
0 Point is awarded because there are no further evidences to support the statement above.
SM 13 Sustainable Maintenance & Green Office Guide 2 Points
The main intent is to ensure the space will perform as intended for years to come. This can
be achieved by creating a documented policy which requires to ensure continuous practice
to enable sustainability maintenance and culture during occupancy. The document will
include all features and strategies a Green Office Guide (GOG) for user’s information and in
guiding them to sustain performance during occupancy.
Assessment with Green Building Index Requirements 2 Points
☑ 1 Point will be awarded if the document includes all features and strategies in a Green
Office Guide (GOG) for user’s information and in guiding them to sustain performance during
occupancy.
1) Planned and scheduled educational programme for occupants for both the passive
and active green features, AND
2) Trained personnel for monitoring and analyzing all active green features; AND
3) Preventive maintenance plan for at least 3 years.
☑ 1 Point will be awarded if the document provides both passive and active design features.
Assessment Prior to Green Building Index Implementation 0 Point
0 Point is awarded due to there are no Green Office Guide or Sustainable Maintenance
documents created prior to construction.
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Materials & Resources (MR)
MR 1 Materials Reuse & Selection 2 Points
The main intent is to encourage designers to specify the usage of reused building materials in
new interior fitouts. All construction works should reuse non-structural building interior
materials, components and products to reduce demand for virgin materials and reduce
creation of waste. This serves to reduce environmental impact associated with extraction and
processing of virgin resources. Integrate interior design and its buildability with careful
selection of building interior products considering its embodied energy and durability of the
material in order to lower carbon foot print and improve material’s life cycle. Mechanical,
electrical and plumbing components shall not be included. Only include materials
permanently installed in the project. A few ways to tackle this problem is to reuse materials
and components found on site such as ceiling tiles, doors, cabinetry, posts, furniture, fixtures
and furnishings etc that no longer serve their original function are refurbished, reconditioned
and installed for a different use or in a different location. Also, to reuse materials found off
site such as salvaged materials, components and products found off-site. They must be
previously used or they may be relocated from another facility.
Assessment with Green Building Index Requirements 0 Point
0 Point is awarded due to the site had already done construction and there are no evidences
stating that the construction of Vantage Desiran practice materials reuse and selection.
Therefore, no point will be awarded.
1 Point will be awarded if the building reuse interior materials, components and products (eg.
floor, walls, ceilings, furniture, fixtures and furnishings) constitute ≥ 10% of total cost value of
interior fitout.
2 Points will be awarded if the building reuse non-structural building interior materials,
components and products (eg. floor, walls, ceilings, furniture, fixtures and furnishings)
constitute ≥ 25% of total cost value of interior fitout.
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Assessment Prior to Green Building Index Implementation 0 Point
0 Point is awarded due to the site had already done construction and there are no evidences
stating that the construction of Vantage Desiran practice materials reuse and selection.
Therefore, no point will be awarded.
MR 2 Recycled Content Materials 4 Points
The main intent is to encourage designers to specify the use of recycled content materials and
products in new interior fit outs. The goal in using materials with recycled content should be
established during the design phase. The project team must identify materials with recycled
content and such availability should be coordinated (as early as possible) with the contractor,
subcontractors and suppliers. The amounts and value of the recycled content of the materials
must be documented by the project team. The increase in demand for building interior
materials, components, products, furniture, fixtures and furnishings that incorporate recycled
content materials in their production. Mechanical, electrical and plumbing components shall
not be included. Only include materials permanently installed in the project.
Assessment with Green Building Index Requirements 0 Point
0 Point is awarded due to the site had already done construction and there are no evidences
stating that the construction of Vantage Desiran practice materials reuse and selection.
Therefore, no point will be awarded.
1 Point will be awarded for building that use floor materials, components and products with
recycled content is such that the sum of post-consumer and pre-consumer recycled content
value constitute ≥ 20% of total cost value of interior fitout.
1 Point will be awarded for building that use of wall materials, components and products with
recycled content is such that the sum of postconsumer and pre-consumer recycled content
value constitute ≥ 20% of total cost value of interior fitout.
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1 Point will be awarded for building that use ceiling materials, components and products with
recycled content is such that the sum of postconsumer recycled and pre-consumer recycled
content value constitute ≥ 20% of total cost value of interior fitout.
1 Point will be awarded for building that use furniture and fitting materials, components and
products with recycled content is such that the sum of post-consumer and pre-consumer
recycled content value constitute ≥ 20% of total cost value of interior fitout.
Assessment Prior to Green Building Index Implementation 0 Point
0 Point is awarded due to the site had already done construction and there are no evidences
stating that the construction of Vantage Desiran practice materials reuse and selection.
Therefore, no point will be awarded.
MR 3 Regional Materials 1 Point
The main intent is to encourage sourcing of regional materials to reduce environmental
impact due to transportation. This point must be evaluated early in the design process so that
materials, components and products that can be sourced locally can be established.
Contractors and suppliers to verify the availability of materials which are extracted,
harvested, recovered and manufactured locally. This will ensure that the project team is
aware on the availability of such materials and will focus their selection on the materials that
will contribute the most to this point. Therefore, it is important for contractors, designers and
architects to source for building materials, components and products that have been
extracted and manufactured within Malaysia, thereby supporting the use of indigenous
resources and reducing environmental impact resulting from transportation.
Assessment with Green Building Index Requirements 1 Point
☑ 1 Point will be awarded if the building uses local materials, components and products that
have been extracted, harvested, or recovered, as well as manufactured, within 500km radius
of the project site for ≥ 50% (based on cost) of total cost value of interior fitout. Mechanical,
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electrical and plumbing components shall not be included. To include only materials
permanently installed in the project.
Assessment Prior to Green Building Index Implementation 1 Point
☑ 1 Point is awarded for building materials, components and product that is within 500km
radius from the project site.
MR 4 Rapidly Renewable Materials & Sustainable Timber 3 Points
The main intent is to encourage the use of rapidly renewable natural materials and non-wood
based products to reduce environmental impact. These plant/animal based materials include,
but are not limited to, agrifibres, bamboo, cork, corn, cotton, linoleum, natural rubber, soy
and wool. Essentially rapidly renewable materials must have a harvest cycle of less than 10
years and do not harm the animal upon harvesting. Encourage environmentally responsible
forest management. These components include, but are not limited to, structural framing and
general dimensional framing if any, flooring, sub-flooring, wood doors and finishes. To include
wood materials permanently installed and temporarily purchased for the project. Compliance
with Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) OR Malaysian Timber Certification (MTCC) Scheme
requirements. Therefore, the main goal in using rapidly renewable/non-wood based
materials should be established during the design phase. The project team must identify
materials with ≥ 75% content that is rapidly renewable/non-wood based and their availability
should be coordinated (as early as possible) with the contractor, subcontractors and
suppliers. The value of the material and amount of the rapidly renewable/non-wood content
must be documented by the project team Establish the volume and types of wood products
used in the project. Check the availability of the wood species and products that complies
with FSC and MTCC requirements by making contact with the local vendors, suppliers and
manufacturers that provide the required certifications. Provide a list of certified vendors,
suppliers and manufacturers to the contract bidders.
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Assessment with Green Building Index Requirements 0 Point
0 Point is awarded due to there are not specific calculation for the materials, components
and products of the interior fit out.
1 Point will be awarded if the building uses materials, components and products consisting of
75% rapidly renewable or non-wood based natural material, where its sum value is ≥ 10% of
the total cost value of interior fit out.
1 Point will be awarded if the building uses ≥ 50% by volume of wood-based building interior
materials, components, products and finishes used are certified,
2 Points will be awarded if the building uses ≥ 75% by volume of wood-based building interior
materials, components, products, and finishes used are certified.
Assessment Prior to Green Building Index Implementation 0 Point
0 Point is awarded due to there are not specific calculation for the materials, components
and products of the interior fit out.
MR 5 Material Manufacture & Ingredients 2 Points
The main intent is to encourage use of environmentally preferred building interior materials,
components and products for which life cycle information is available and that have preferred
environmental, economic and social impacts. Includes all eco labels recognized by the Global
Eco Labeling Network (GEN) as well as products listed in Green Pages Malaysia and accepted
by GBI. It is recommended to use building interior materials, components and products where
their life cycle assessment has a reduced or favourable impact on the environment, thereby
raising market demands for greener products and encouraging manufacturers to evaluate
their own internal corporate social responsibility standards. Therefore, it is vital to establish
with ease, during design stages use any number of international eco-label directories
including Green Pages Malaysia to select acceptable green building interior materials,
components and products to complete the interior fitout.
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Assessment with Green Building Index Requirements 2 Points
☑ 1 Point will be awarded if the building uses ≥ 5 different, permanently installed building
interior materials, components and products from manufacturers with verified commitment
to responsible extraction/sourcing and manufacturing processes; whose product has minimal
use and generation of harmful chemical substances.
☑ 1 Point will be awarded if the building uses ≥ 10 different, permanently installed building
interior materials, components and products from manufacturers with verified commitment
to responsible extraction/sourcing and manufacturing processes; whose product has minimal
use and generation of harmful chemical substances.
Assessment Prior to Green Building Index Implementation 2 Points
☑ 2 Points are awarded because the building uses more than 10 different, permanently
installed building interior materials, components and products from manufacturers with
minimal use of generation of harmful chemical substances.
MR 6 Refrigerants & Clean Agents 2 Points
The main intent is to demonstrate leadership in accelerating phase-out of all Ozone Depleting
Substances. Recognise and promote use of low Global Warming Substances. It is important
for building to use environmentally-friendly Refrigerants and Clean Agents exceeding
Malaysia’s commitment to the Montreal & Kyoto protocols. For instance, buildings should use
synthetic refrigerants (for HVAC) and clean agents (fire fighting) with zero ODP such as HFCs
that exceeds Malaysia’s commitment to the Montreal & Kyoto protocols. Use non-synthetic
(natural) refrigerants (for HVAC) and clean agents with zero ODP and negligible Global
Warming Potential (GWP) such as water, hydrocarbon, carbon dioxide, ammonia and etc (for
HVAC); and nitrogen, argon, water mist and more.
Assessment with Green Building Index Requirements 2 Points
☑ 1 Point will be awarded if the building uses zero Ozone Depleting Potential (ODP)
products: non-CFC and non-HCFC refrigerants/clean agents.
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☑ 1 Point will be awarded if the building uses non-synthetic natural refrigerants/clean
agents with zero ODP and negligible Global Warming Potential (GWP).
Assessment Prior to Green Building Index Implementation 2 Points
☑ 1 Point is awarded whereby the building uses zero Ozone Depleting Potential (ODP)
products: non-CFC and non-HCFC refrigerants/clean agents.
☑ 1 Point is awarded whereby the building uses non-synthetic natural refrigerants/clean
agents with zero ODP and negligible Global Warming Potential (GWP).
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Water Efficiency (WE)
WE 1 Water Efficiency Landscaping & Water Feature 1 Point
The main intent is to encourage and recognise the design of landscaping and water feature
system that minimises or does not require the use of potable water supply from the local
water authority. The main aim is to reduce the consumption of potable water for landscape
and water feature irrigation. This may be achieved through the use of native or adaptive
plants or recycling waste or discharge water to reduce potable water consumption. Therefore,
it is important to determine and select appropriate plant material and design the landscape
or water feature with native or adaptive plants to reduce or eliminate irrigation requirements.
Assessment with Green Building Index Requirements 1 Point
☑ 1 Point will be awarded for building that reduce potable water consumption for landscape
and water feature irrigation by 30% or more. For example, the building uses native or adaptive
plants to reduce or eliminate irrigation requirement thus encourage water recycling.
Assessment Prior to Green Building Index Implementation 1 Point
☑ 1 Point is awarded because the building uses natural rain water for landscape for native
and adaptive plants.
WE 2 Water Efficiency Fittings 2 Points
The main intent is to encourage reduction in potable water consumption through use of
efficient devices and equipment. These efficient devices are labelled under Water Efficient
Product Labelling Scheme (WELPS) or adopt equivalent water efficiency standard. A few
examples to approach this is to use water efficient water closets, basin tap, hand bidet or
shower head or systems which has the potential to reduce potable water consumption. The
use of automatic self-closing faucets, electronic or otherwise, to eliminate wastage through
faucets left running unnecessarily. Specify the use of modified waterless urinals. A calculation
has to be submitted to demonstrate that the fittings selected will reduce the potable water
consumption compared to the building base conditions.
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Assessment with Green Building Index Requirements 2 Points
1 Point will be awarded for all water closet and basin devices labelled under Water Efficiency
Product Labelling (WELPS) or adopt equivalent water efficiency label.
☑ 2 Points will be awarded for all water closet, basin, urinal, bidet, shower and tap devices
labelled under Water Efficiency Product Labelling (WELPS) or adopt equivalent water
efficiency label.
Assessment Prior to Green Building Index Implementation 2 Points
☑ 2 Points are awarded because the site uses all water efficiency fittings for washrooms and
lavatories.
WE 3 Drinking Water Quality 1 Point
The main intent is to encourage use of the water supplied by local water authority for human
consumption by reduce or discourage use of bottled drinking water. The main aim is to reduce
bottled drinking water. This may be achieved through the use efficient water filtering system.
Assessment with Green Building Index Requirements 1 Point
☑ 1 Point will be awarded if the building had water filtering system filter that produce
suitable drinking water for human consumption.
Assessment Prior to Green Building Index Implementation 1 Point
☑ 1 Point is awarded because the building had water filtering system filter to produce clean
drinkable water for human consumption.
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Innovation (IN)
IN 1 Innovation & Environmental Design Initiatives 9 Points
The main intent is to provide the design team and project the opportunity to be awarded
points for exceptional performance above the requirements set by GBI rating system. It can
be implemented during Concept Design Stage, commence discussions on all possible
innovation ideas to be incorporated into the Interior Space early. Late incorporation of
innovation ideas may be difficult and costly. Project teams may submit any innovation items
not listed below to GBI for consideration and approval. Innovation items shall be reviewed
based on the impact they have on sustainable design and construction.
Assessment with Green Building Index Requirements 9 Points
1 Point will be awarded for each approved innovation and environmental design initiative up
to a maximum of 9 Points.
- ☑ 1 Point: Night watchman software installed for auto lights off and appliances.
- 1 Point: Sweeper for power off.
- ☑ 1 Point: Special materials usage.
- ☑ 1 Point: Zoning and deployment of special working environment – activity based
settings.
- ☑ 1 Point: Psychology escapism - use of color / green elements / art works / murals
/ paintings.
- ☑ 1 Point: Harvesting light via design; vertical atriums.
- ☑ 1 Point: Rainwater harvesting.
- ☑ 1 Point: Water recycling.
- ☑ 1 Point: Metering & leak detection system.
- ☑ 1 Point: 90% of the occupants seated with a view parallel to the outdoor.
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Assessment Prior to Green Building Index Implementation 6 Points
6 Points are awarded for meeting the requirements of Night watchman software installed for
auto lights off and appliances, Special materials usage, Zoning and deployment of special
working environment, Harvesting light, Metering & leak detection system and 90% of the
occupants seated with a view parallel to the outdoor.
IN 2 Green Building Index Facilitator (GBIF) 1 Point
The main intent is to support and encourage the design integration required for Green
Building Index rated Interior Space and to streamline the application, certification process and
promote Accredited Green Building service providers. Appoint a Green Building Index
Facilitator early to assist in the concept design stage and ensure that the Facilitator follows
through the entire project. At least one principal participant of the project team shall be a
Green Building Index Facilitator who is engaged at the onset of the design process until
completion of construction and Green Building Index certification is obtained. Name of the
GBI Facilitator shall be inserted in GBI Application & Registration Form.
Assessment with Green Building Index Requirements 1 Point
☑ 1 Point will be awarded for appointment of a Green Building Index Facilitator early to
assist in the conceptual, design and construction stages throughout the entire project.
Assessment Prior to Green Building Index Implementation 0 Point
0 Point is awarded because there are no documentation stating that the site was facilitate
and assisted by a Green Building Index Facilitator to assist in the conceptual, design and
construction stages of the project.
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Conclusion
Malaysia is a developing country that kept on evolve into a better nation towards the
goal of Wawasan 2020. New technologies and innovation help in the contribution of the
construction industry whereby mass production is the main element of the coming decades.
Machines with Artificial Intelligence (AI) are preferred in this era of real and anticipated
energy crises, as the building sector continues to be one of the largest energy consumers.
Evolving nations came out with plenty solutions and ideas to tackle this serious issue to
optimize and minimize energy usage in the construction and building industry. Therefore,
Green Building Index is created to treat the alarming issue that can play a significant role in
promoting this shift toward energy efficiency. Unlike technologies that called upon in other
fields of endeavour, the technology needed to create energy efficient buildings demands
indigenous knowledge and different set of solutions in different parts of the world. The green
building rating system should strike a balance between the dynamics of user response,
vernacular requirement, positive awareness, and the goal of large-scale energy saving.
Also, the Green Building Index rating system will only act as a guideline towards creating
sustainable green buildings. The system still has a long way to go before pushing building
developers, architects, engineers, designers and other key player in becoming green and
sustainable in all ways. The is important because users will use GBI as a framework in building
construction to be energy efficient that could sustain in a longer period of time. Thus, we
must ensure that the GBI rating systems are robust enough to encourage and enforce the
design and construction of energy-efficient buildings.
In conclusion, the local council, authorities or government should make GBI as a mandatory
guideline for all building constructions in Malaysia so that it could help develop a nation
towards green and sustainable living. Education is also vital to create awareness and educate
the future generation on how modern technologies and equipment can help to achieve GBI.
This will not only benefit the people but also it helps in protecting mother earth creating a
better place to live in. (Green Building Index, 2018)
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Vantage Desiran Tanjung after GBI Implementation 69 Points (Silver Rating) Vantage Desiran Tanjung before GBI Implementation 52 Points (Certified Rating)
Figure below illustrates the façade of Vantage Desiran Tanjung as a Green Building Index
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Learning Outcome
Construction Technology 2 is a subject that provides student the opportunities to
integrate their knowledge and skills obtained from previous learning for the past 3 years on
contemporary technologies. This subject requires student to carry out basic research on
Green and Sustainable design for an area of interior architecture design. Early lectures are
being taught mostly in relation to green architecture and sustainable living for instance
exploration towards eco-friendly materials and components. Early lectures include
application of basic principles of fire safety, HVAC, lighting, ventilation and other building
services components for a sustainable design. The individual project encompasses
understanding and analytical skills to fulfil the GBI requirements in accordance to the GBI
rating criteria. This ensures student to apply their understanding and interior design skills to
emphasized on the cultivating Green Building Index into their conceptual and interior design.
The GBI is assessed according to 6 categories consisting the Energy Efficiency (EE), Indoor
Environmental Quality (EQ), Sustainable Planning & Management (SM), Material & Resources
(MR), Water Efficiency (WE) and Innovation (IN). Each category is divided into sub-topics in
each respective criteria. Energy Efficiency (EE) assessment covers topics such as lighting, plug
load, air conditioning, optimizing, measurement and verification of the integrated building
system. Also, it includes the quality of Indoor Air and Air Pollutants to control the thermal
comfort for maximum productivity and occupant’s well-being. Moreover, the site selection is
important to determine the sun’s path to maximize the natural resources by studying the sun
diagram. This will cut down the use of artificial interior lighting fixtures to illuminate the space.
Additionally, the green and innovation features of the building include night watch lighting,
automated sensors, water efficiency sanitary fittings and use of recycled greywater will help
cut down utility bills for maximize usage. Lastly, it is crucial to include indoor landscaping and
water feature for commercial spaces due to not only its aesthetic purpose but also boosts
human’s productivity.
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Referencing
Eartheasy Guides & Articles. 2018. Non-Toxic Paints | Eartheasy Guides & Articles. [ONLINE] Available at: https://learn.eartheasy.com/guides/non-toxic-paints/. [Accessed 10 May 2018]. Green Building Index. 2018. Green Building Index. [ONLINE] Available at: http://new.green buildingindex.org. [Accessed 10 May 2018]. NRDC. 2018. Climate Change | NRDC. [ONLINE] Available at: https://www.nrdc.org/issues /climate-change. [Accessed 10 May 2018]. SEPCO. 2018. The Advantages of LED Lights for the Environment. [ONLINE] Available at: https://www.sepco-solarlighting.com/blog/bid/145611/The-Advantages-of-LED-Lights-for-the-Environment. [Accessed 10 May 2018].