Daniel A. Ofori Asaah, E., Peprah, T., Tsobeng, A., Tchoundjeu, Z., Munjuga, M., Rutatina, F., Anjarwalla, P., Mowo, J.G., Jamnadass, R.
WORLD CONGRESS ON AGROFORESTRY 2014, 10-14 FEBRUARY 2014, DELHI, INDIA
Public-Private partnerships on tree domestication for sustainable agroforestry and business
innovations: Allanblackia species as a case study
Contact: Daniel Ofori: [email protected] Agroforestry Centre, United Nations Avenue, Gigiri, Box 30677-00100, Nairobi, Kenya
Allanblackia tree, fruits and seeds
Importance of Allanblackia• Fatty acids consists mostly of oleic and stearic
acids (40-51% and 45-58%, respectively) • Oil used locally for cooking, soap and
ointments • Industrial scale in food products• Fruit for whisky, jam, juice• Wood for timber• The bark extracts for medicine (coughs,
dysentery, diarrhea, toothache, aphrodisiac and pain reliever).
Demand and supply levels
• Oil – EU Certification• Oil demand >100,000 tons/yr• Supply = 210 tons/yr
Country Wild seed collection (tons)
Oil from wild seed collection (tons)
Tanzania 450 150
Ghana 110 40
Nigeria 60 20
Production/ income potential
1 tree 120 fruits
120 fruits 40 kg dry seeds
1kg dry seeds $0.40
1 tree/40kg seeds $16.00
40 kg dry seeds 12 kg oil
100,000 tons 8,333,333 trees
Farmer income $133,333,333.33
The main challenges in production:• Wild harvesting cannot sustain supply to industry• Both the tree and its habitat are under threat• Very limited knowledge on Allanblackia cultivation• Lack of quality planting stocks• Propagation from seed; seed dormancy, dioecious• Long gestation period• Limited investment potential at small holder level
Challenges in research and development
• Lack of funding for research and product development
• Inadequate support from public and private sector in adoption and commercialization of research findings
• Poor information flow from the research institutions to the end-users, thereby affecting negatively adoption of research findings and innovations
• Scientists do not have skills required for business development
Public-private partnerships ( PPPs)
• Established in 2002 • Multi-country PPP, multi institutions • Its main aim is to domesticate Allanblackia
species in Africa through engagement of boundary partners
Main components of AB domestication• Sensitization and encouragement of farmers to
participate in AB domestication• Range-wide germplasm collection, characterization,
selection of superior germplasm, development of propagation methods and gene conservation
• Ecology, abundance and sustainable harvesting• Integration of AB in farming systems and agroforestry
development• Facilitate development of marketing networks and
supply chain
Current members of the partnership • Unilever: Funding, product development & marketing• ICRAF: Domestication - selection, propagation, germplasm
distribution & conservation & agroforestry development• Novel International: Supply chain, marketing,
multiplication and distribution • NARS, Universities, ANR etc.: support R&D• IUCN: sustainable harvesting & biodiversity conservation• Farmers: Smallholder agroforestry systems• FORM: Pilot plantation - Ghana• RSSDA: Pilot plantation - Nigeria• UEBT: Certification of organic and fair trade standards
Marketing Supply chain and market development
Tree-to-tree variation in stearic and oleic acid content - Allanblackia floribunda
Allanblackia floribunda identified ‘‘plus trees’’ for fruit/seed production using the independent culling method on trees surveyed in four wild stands in Cameroon.
Diversity in fruit size – 58 trees selected
AFS 1
AFS 3AK 1
AK 2
ASN 11
ASN 12
ATB 1AWA 2
AY 1
B 1
B 10B 11
B 13
B 17
B 19
B 20
B 21
B 22
B 23
B 24
B 4
B 6B 9
BMK 13BS 1
D 6
DB 12
DB 2
DB 4
DB 9
DM 1DM 2
DM 4
GB 10
GB 11
GB 12
GB 34
K 2
K 5
KW 1
KW 2LAHO 5
LAHO 1
LAHO 2
LAHO 3LAHO 4
MA 1
MA 4
MH 1
MH 2
MH 3
MH 4
MH 5
MN 1
MN 3
MN 4
N 2
NB 1
NB 1
NB 3
NEN 11
NEN 14
NEN 16
NEN 18NEN 19
NEN 20
NEN 21
NEN 22
NEN 23
NEN 24
NEN 25
NEN 26
NEN 27
NEN 28
NEN 29NEN 30
NEN 4
NEN 6
NEN 9
NK 2
NK 6NK 7
NK 9
NZA 1
NZA 11
NZA 12
NZA 2NZA 24
NZA 26
NZA 3
NZA 31
NZA 40
OT 1
OT 3
OT 5
OT 7
SA 1
SA 2
SA 48
TIA 1
TIA 13
TIA 14
TIA 17TIA 2
TIA 3
TIA 4
TIA 6
TIA 7
TIA 9
WA 2
WA 4
WA 6
WAMK 1
WAMK 11
WAMK 14
WAMK 15
WAMK 2
WAMK 3
WAMK 4
WAMK 5
WAMK 6
WAMK 7
WAMK 8
WAMK 9
WH 1
WR 11
Axis 1
Axi
s 2
Participatory tree domestication
Research nursery
RRC
Satellite nurseryField planting
Smallholder farmers
Country Farmers planting AB Seedlings planted
Tanzania >500 >100,000Ghana >200 >34,000Cameroon >100 >3,500Nigeria Farmer registration
in progress 200,000
Benefits of PPP • Brings together stakeholders with different
interests and organisational capacities• Shares resources for increasing cost-efficiency • Avoids duplications • Accelerates technology transfer, foster application
by the private sector & increase private sector investments
• Enhances adoption and impacts of research/ innovation
Achievements
• Provision of quality germplasm• Development of supply chain• Market development• Product development - 2014
Constraints
• Different modes of operation by different organizations
• Financing not stable• Trust and release of information
Lessons learned• PPP improves linkages between research, actors in
the value chain and end-users• Development of programs in close collaboration
with strategic partners/ the private sector is beneficial
• Promotion of a new species needs strong engagement with markets
• Need for government policy support
Thank you for your attention