Integrating Gender in Public Transport Talking Transit, 11th November 2014 Sonal Shah
Approach
Overview
Good Practices: London and Toronto
Way Forward
Structure
Approach
Six out of ten of the world's poorest people are women Source:
UNDP, 2014
Women’s travel patterns are different from men’s
Approach: Why Gender in Transport?
Source: GRHS, 2013
26
52
19
2
12km
5km
89
100
Inferior access to both private and public means of transport while assuming a higher share of their household’s travel burden
Greater sensitivity to the shelter-transport-livelihoods link for lower income women Source: TRIPP, 2006
Approach: Why Gender in Transport?
Source: GRHS 2013
Source: TRIPP, 2006
Issue of violence against women is not new
National policies not translated into urban policies
Individual projects undertaken
Approach: Why Gender in Transport?
21:19Rate of crimes against women in cities versus the national average. Source: NCRB, 2011
Assessing implications for women and men of all planned action
Making women and men’s concerns an integral part of the design, implementation, monitoring and evaluation
Approach
Source: UN Economic and Social Council, 1997
Approach Safety Accessibility Affordability Information Employment
1 i
Service Planning & Operations
Infrastructure
Cap
acity
Bui
ldin
g
Vehicles
Public P
articipation Institutional S
tructure
Source: Adapted from GRHS (2013), Transport for London, World Bank (2010), Deike, Peters (2001), Hamilton (2000), UN ECOSOC (1997)
Approach
Access to and from the Public Transport Stop
Waiting at the bus shelter or interchange
Boarding and alighting the vehicle
Experience in the vehicle
Source: Adapted from GRHS (2013), Transport for London, World Bank (2010), Deike, Peters (2001), Hamilton (2000), UN ECOSOC (1997)
Overview w
Overview
Reserved seats and buses
Women-only doors
Request a Stop or Hail & Board services
CCTVs, GPS
Trainings
Safety audits
Public amenities
Sufficient sitting and waiting area at a bus shelter
Low floor buses and access ramps
Student and elderly passes
Emergency phone numbers Route map and schedule
Real time information
Effective communication and feedback mechanism
Women conductors and drivers
Concentration of men; number of women low
1 i
Good Practices
London
Source: TfL
Policy approach: Part of Gender Equality duty
Partnership with the Police
140 women’s groups
Women more likely to use buses and walk
Women aged 25-44 likely to make more trips
Women (25%) felt more unsafe than men (17%) Safer by minicabs; sexual harassment by illegal drivers
Concerns tied to specific activities and
officials with timelines
Case Study: Transport for London
Source: Transport for London (2012), nd
Case Study: Transport for London
Safe Transport Teams throughout London including main transport hubs
Safer Travel at Night campaign
90% within 400m of transit services
Low floor buses
Large designated spaces for persons in wheelchairs and for strollers
Discounted fares for part-time employees
Free transport to people 60 and over
Real time information in buses
Increase women’s participation from 22% to 52%
Set targets to increase women in senior management across TfL’s different services
1 i
Source: Transport for London , 2012, nd
Toronto
Source: Canadian Pacific
Participation with METRAC
Comprehensive safety audit of the transit system
63 recommendations
Hire a gender planner to review all plans
Set up an internal taskforce with representation from every department to implement them
Created a Security Advisory Group
Case Study: Toronto Transit Commission
Source: Wekerle, 2005
Case Study: Toronto Transit Commission
Emergency intercoms
Request-stop program
Evaluate existing safety programs
Training on addressing sexual harassment
Transparent bus shelters
Elevators
Low floor buses
Large designated spaces for persons in wheelchairs and for strollers
Emphasize safety features in awareness campaigns
Produce a film on women’s safety in public transit
Real time information
More employment of women as front line workers
1 i-
Source: Wekerle, 2005
Way Forward
Safety and security cannot be addressed by individual projects
Measure, Plan, Implement, Monitor and Evaluate
Clear allocation of responsibilities and identification of individuals to ensure implementation
Need for gender experts
Encourage employment, retention and growth of women in transit agencies
Way Forward
Source: Adapted from ICRW
1. Measure
2. Plan and Design
3. Implement
4. Monitor & Evaluate
4. Share Knowledge and Inform Future Projects
Thank You Safety Accessibility Affordability Information Employment
1 i
Service Planning & Operations
Infrastructure
Cap
acity
Bui
ldin
g
Vehicles
Public P
articipation Institutional S
tructure
Source: Adapted from GRHS (2013), Transport for London, World Bank (2010), Deike, Peters (2001), Hamilton (2000), UN ECOSOC (1997)