Slovene Plant Gene Bank (SPGB)
and Genetic Resources Programme
Second Meeting of the ECPGR Working Group on Leafy Vegetables 8 – 9 October, Ljubljana, Slovenia
Vladimir MEGLIČ, Jelka ŠUŠTAR VOZLIČ
Early projects to collect Slovenian autochthonous populations, ecotypes and landraces of agricultural species were initiated about 60 years ago.
In 1996 the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Food started financing the Slovene Plant Genetic Resources Programme with the goal to maintain, evaluate, regenerate and preserve Slovenian autochthonous species, ecotypes, populations and landraces of agricultural, medicinal and aromatic plants. Slovene Plant Gene Bank (SPGB) – Gene Bank of Agricultural Crop Species was established.
SPGB includes Slovenian varieties, old varieties, landraces, various populations, clones and lines bred from autochthonous plants and ecotypes from the natural habitat important for food and agriculture.
Slovene Plant Gene Bank
ECPGR Leafy Vegetables WG Meeting, 8-9 October 2013, Ljubljana
SLOVENE PLANT
GENE BANK Central Seed Bank
(AIS LJ)
PSARS (MAE) - Central Database
MEDPLANT Database
Faculty of Agriculture and Life Sciences University of Maribor
NGO Urban Furrows, botanical gardens, schools, …
Agricultural Institute of Slovenia, Ljubljana
Slovenian Institute for Hop Research and and Brewing, Žalec
Biotechnical Faculty University of Ljubljana
Slovene Plant Gene Bank
ECPGR Leafy Vegetables WG Meeting, 8-9 October 2013, Ljubljana
Institution No. of accessions
Biotechnical faculty >1200
Agricultural Institute of Slovenia
>3200
Slovenian institute for Hop Res.
93
Faculty of agriculture and Life Sciences
>300
Total >6000
Biotechnical faculty, Agronomy Dept., University of Ljubljana Fagopyrum, Zea mays, fruit trees, forage crops, medicinal and aromatic plants.
Agricultural Institute of Slovenia, Ljubljana Grain legumes, Allium, Solanum, Triticum, Brassica, Lactuca, forage and fodder crops, Rubus, Vitis,….
Slovenian Institute for Hop Research and Brewing Humulus, medicinal and aromatic plants.
Faculty for Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Maribor Fruit trees, Vitis
Responsability
ECPGR Leafy Vegetables WG Meeting, 8-9 October 2013, Ljubljana
Slovene Plant Gene Bank
• Collecting
• Documentation
• Multiplication
• Conservation
• Storage
ECPGR Leafy Vegetables WG Meeting, 8-9 October 2013, Ljubljana
-Wild relatives of cultivated crops - Landraces and populations - Old cultivars
Collecting
ECPGR Leafy Vegetables WG Meeting, 8-9 October 2013, Ljubljana
- Expeditions throghout Slovenia - Bilateral and multilateral projects - Donations and exchanges - Schools, adds, ….
Collecting
ECPGR Leafy Vegetables WG Meeting, 8-9 October 2013, Ljubljana
Dependant on crop species:
-field,
-screenhouses,
-greenhouses,
-in vitro
Multiplication
ECPGR Leafy Vegetables WG Meeting, 8-9 October 2013, Ljubljana
Characterisation and evaluation: -Chemical analysis of 38 ecotypes of Dactylis glomerata L.
-Characterisation of 21 red clover ecotypes (morpf., quality (NIR)).
-Characterisation of 17 Medicago falcata ecotypes (morpf., quality (NIR)).
70
80
90
100
110
120
130
140
270 290 310 330 350 370 390
vsebnost SVL (g kg-1
SS)
vse
bn
ost
SB
(g
kg
-1S
S)
Characterization and evaluation
ECPGR Leafy Vegetables WG Meeting, 8-9 October 2013, Ljubljana
- Germination - Moisture content - Seed purity
Conservation – seed quality
ECPGR Leafy Vegetables WG Meeting, 8-9 October 2013, Ljubljana
Working collection (mid-term storage): - 500 - 1000 seeds/accession stored at + 4 C.
Basic collection (long-term storage at –20°C): -located at the Agricultural Institute of Slovenia.
Accessions are also kept in ‘in vitro’ conditions and ‘in vivo’ in permanent plantations for hops, fruit, grapevine and some species of medicinal and aromatic plants.
Storage
ECPGR Leafy Vegetables WG Meeting, 8-9 October 2013, Ljubljana
-Research: - Diversity studies, - Genetic erosion, - Population genetics, - Mapping, - Conservation and preservation studies….
-Breeding, -Immediate use on farm…
Use of plant genetic resources
ECPGR Leafy Vegetables WG Meeting, 8-9 October 2013, Ljubljana
Genetic Resources Programme at the Agricultural Institute of Slovenia
Group of species Species Number of accessions
Grain legumes Phaseolus spp. 1125
Vicia faba 37
Skupaj 1162
Fodder crops Trifolium sp. 199
Medicago sp. 39
Vicia sp. 69
Lotus sp. 33
Lolium sp. 30
Festuca sp. 83
Dactylis 110
Phleum 39
Travniške zeli 65
others 202
Skupaj 869
Field crops Zea mays 11
Triticum 76
Secale 12
Papaver 26
Panicum 15
ostale 60
Skupaj 200
Vegetables Lactuca sp. 227
Allium cepa 56
Brassica oleracea 11
Diplotaxis spp. 18
ostale(Cichorium, Valerianella, Solanum Lyc.) 14
Allium sativum 8
Skupaj 334
Small fruites Vaccinium corymbosum, Rubus , Ribes, Fragaria 230
Apple trees M. domestica, M. floribunda 256
Grapewine Vitis 90
Potato Solanum tuberosum L. 34
Other potato species Solanum sp. 18 + 14 diploid populations
Total 642
Total 3207
ECPGR Leafy Vegetables WG Meeting, 8-9 October 2013, Ljubljana
Collection of Phaseolus accessions
1081 accessions (1020 Slovenian, 61 from other GB)
– 841 (Phaseolus vulgaris L. ssp. vulgaris var. vulgaris),
– 187 (Phaseolus vulgaris L. ssp. vulgaris var. nanus Aschers.),
– 53 (Phaseolus coccineus L.)
Multicrop passport podatki – available for all accessions
Data on characterization and evaluation – available for a
limited number of accessions
ECPGR Leafy Vegetables WG Meeting, 8-9 October 2013, Ljubljana
Morphological markers Biochemical markers (phaseolin) Molecular markers (RAPD, AFLP, SSR)
Disease resistance (Anthracnose)
Drought resistance (proteases, gene expression, psyiological analysis, proteomics)
Evaluation of common bean accessions
ECPGR Leafy Vegetables WG Meeting, 8-9 October 2013, Ljubljana
Drought resistance - gene expression
KAVAR T, MARAS M, KIDRIČ M, ŠUŠTAR VOZLIČ J, MEGLIČ V. 2008. Mol. breed. 21: 159-172.
• Changes in gene expression in the leaves at different levels of dehydration were identified by DDRT PCR and confirmed by quantitative real-time PCR.
• The levels of 15 transcripts were changed significantly in all cultivars, 8 being increased and seven decreased. At least six transcripts corresponded to those whose expression is altered under drought in Arabidopsis thaliana. Five of the genes identified have not previously been reported as being influenced by drought. Only minor differences in expression were found between the different cultivars.
ECPGR Leafy Vegetables WG Meeting, 8-9 October 2013, Ljubljana
Drought resistance - proteomic approach
The aim is to identify proteins differentially expressed due to water deficit stress (Starozagorski čern – sensitive, Tiber – tolerant).
Proteins were extracted from stressed and control plants, labelled with different fluorescent dyes and were separated using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE). Protein spots that were significantly changed in abundance were excised, trypsin digested and analysed on LC-MS/MS
ECPGR Leafy Vegetables WG Meeting, 8-9 October 2013, Ljubljana
Drought resistance - proteomic approach
Analysis of functional network. Two clusters of highly interacting protein nodes represents proteins involved in photosynthesis and energy metabolism.
2DGelectrophoresis of leaf proteins from Starozagorski (differentially expressed and identified protein spots).
Identified proteins can be divided in different functional categories that include metabolic proteins, cellular defense/stress proteins, proteins involved in reactions of photosynthesis and proteins with unknown function
ECPGR Leafy Vegetables WG Meeting, 8-9 October 2013, Ljubljana
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