The Geology of theThe Geology of theWakulla Springs BasinWakulla Springs Basin
Harley Means, P.G.FDEP,
Florida Geological Survey
Springs related to karst areas.
Wakulla Spring Springshed
What kind of karst features exist in the What kind of karst features exist in the basin??basin??
• Karst lakesKarst lakes
• SwalletsSwallets
• SinkholesSinkholes
• Shallow Shallow depressionsdepressions
• CavesCaves
• ConduitsConduits
• SpringsSprings
Photo by: Wes Skiles
• Lake JacksonLake Jackson
• Lake IamoniaLake Iamonia
• Lake MiccosukeeLake Miccosukee
Karst LakesKarst Lakes
Porter Sink 2-03
Porter Sink 9-03
Ames Sink - Swallet
Fisher Creek Drain
Photo By B. Means
• Numerous Numerous sinkholessinkholes
Church Sink
Blue (GREEN) SinkPhoto by R. Means
Emerald Sink
Big DismalPhotos by B. Means
Photo by R. Means
Shallow karst depressions
Photo by R. Means
Gopher Sink
Photo by B. Means
• Wakulla conduitsWakulla conduits
Cave/conduit at Wakulla
Photo by: T. Scott
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9N
itra
te m
g/l
Wakulla Spring
Wakulla Spring Nitrate Concentration
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
1.2
Sep-0
1
Oct-
01
Nov-0
1
Dec-0
1
Jan-
02
Feb-02
Mar
-02
Apr-0
2
May
-02
Jun-
02
Jul-0
2
Aug-0
2
Sep-0
2
Oct-
02
Nov-0
2
Dec-0
2
Jan-
03
Feb-03
Mar
-03
Apr-0
3
May
-03
Jun-
03
Jul-0
3
Aug-0
3
Sep-0
3
Oct-
03
Nov-0
3
Dec-0
3
Jan-
04
Sample Date
To
tal N
O3
+ N
O4
(mg
/l)
Series1
(Chelette, Pratt & Katz, 2002)
Questions??
Recommended
