Think About
1. What might cause you to decide to leave the United States for another country?
2. Where would you go?
3. Why?
Voluntary Migration
• Push Factors– What makes a person leave a place
• Pull Factors– What makes a place attractive to new
migrants
Push Factors• Armed Conflict and War
– Refugees
• Environmental Conditions– Drought– Disaster
• Culture– Religion– Language
Ethnic Cleansing, 1990s
Bosnian War
•Former Yugoslavia
•Bosnians
•Croats
•Serbs
•100,000 killed
•1.8 Million displaced
Trail of Tears
• Forcible removal of Cherokee from Carolinas to Oklahoma in 1838
• Over 4,000 die en route
Chain Migration
Link 1:
Immigrant arrives in new place
Link 2:
Encourages family and friends to come
Link 3:
Others in home community have place to go
Link 4:
New community is created in new land
Link 5:
Process reinforced in “virtuous cycle”
Chain Migration
• Russian immigrants to NYC more concentrated due to chain migration
• Irish immigrants more diffuse – longer history in US
1910
Regions of Dislocation
• Three major regions
• Sub-Saharan Africa
• Tutsi-Hutu Conflict– Rwanda– The Congo (Zaïre)– Burundi
Sub-Saharan Africa
• Darfur– Arab Muslims v.
African Muslims– Genocide– Refugees throughout
region
• Somalia– Lawless– Spilling over to
neighbors
Other Areas
• Southeast Asia– Vietnam War– Burma
• Europe– Former Yugoslavia
• South America– Colombia