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CONTENTSBusiness Tech. ........... B5Corporate News B1-4,6Global Finance............ C3Heard on Street........ C8In the Markets........... C4Markets Dashboard C5

Movies......................... D3,4Opinion.................. A17-19Sports.............................. D9Television...................... D6U.S. News................. A2-6Weather Watch........ B6World News......... A8-15

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What’sNews

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World-WidenNelsonMandela, the anti-apartheid activist who becamepresident of a democraticSouth Africa, died after a longillness. He was 95. A1, A14, A15nCongressional negotiatorsare closing in on a two-yearbudget deal that would avertthe possibility of a governmentshutdown next month. A1n Lawmakers are close to adeal on so-called fast-tracktrade authority for Obama. A4nThe U.S. and China bothsignaled they are backing awayfrom confrontation over Bei-jing’s air-defense zone. A8nBiden criticized China’streatment of foreign journal-ists and pushed its leaders toloosen control over society. A8nMilitants attacked Yemen’sdefense ministry and a mili-tary hospital in a rampagethat left 52 people dead. A10nTheU.N. authorized Franceto sendmore troops to the Cen-tral African Republic as ethnicviolence killed at least 50. A10nTheU.S. standoffwithKarzai over an Afghanistan se-curity deal could drag into earlynext year, U.S. officials said.A13n European leaders pressedUkrainian authorities andprotesters to negotiate a solu-tion to the political crisis. A13n Russian diplomats andtheir spouses were accusedof Medicaid fraud totalingnearly $1.5 million. A6nThe pope will name a panelto advise the church on deal-ing with child sex abuse. A13nBrattonwas namedNewYork City police commissioner,his second time at the helm.A6

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The U.S. economy grewat an annual rate of 3.6%

last quarter, faster than firstestimated, as businesses fat-tened inventories. But thepace is likely to weaken. A2The Dow fell 68.26 pointsto 15821.51 as economic newsfanned fears that the Fed willsoon cut back on stimulus. C4nGoldman clients are exitingLampert’s hedge fund as the in-vestor and Sears CEO strugglesto stem losses at the retailer. C1nGMplans to halt most Chev-rolet sales in Europe to focuson promoting its German-madeOpel brand in the region. B1nQuiznos is seeking conces-sions from creditors as thesandwich chain struggles withits turnaround efforts. B1n The Volcker rule will re-quire bank executives to guar-antee their firms are in com-pliance with the regulation. C3n Retailers reportedweaker-than-expected No-vember sales despite a slewof deals and promotions. B3nMicrosoft investigatorsmoved to cut off links to Eu-ropean servers believed to beused in an ad-fraud scheme. B1nAn FCC official said any ef-fort by Comcast to acquireTimeWarner Cable would facehurdles in Washington. B3n The House voted 325-91to pass legislation aimed atdiscouraging frivolous law-suits by patent holders. B2n Penney said it received anSEC letter requesting infor-mation about the company’scontroversial stock sale. B2

Business&Finance

Congressional budget negotia-tors are working to wrap up atwo-year fiscal agreement thatwould put to rest the threat of agovernment shutdown in mid-January and bring order to a tu-multuous budgeting process untilafter the 2014 elections.

Lawmakers must still over-come significant obstacles, in-cluding last-minute pressurefrom Democrats seeking a re-newal of expanded federal unem-ployment benefits and laborunions opposed to proposed cutsin federal employees’ pensions.

Still, officials close to the talkssay that Sen. Patty Murray (D.,Wash.) and Rep. Paul Ryan (R.,Wis.), chief negotiators for theirparties, are closing in on a dealthat, while smaller in scope thanpast budget deals, would mark arare moment of bipartisanship ina Congress that has been lurch-ing from one fiscal crisis to thenext.

Officials say they expect thecompromise to allow spending ofroughly $1 trillion in each of thenext two years, a figure betweenthe $967 billion that House Re-publicans sought for the fiscalyear that began Oct. 1 and the$1.058 trillion sought by SenateDemocrats. The precise amountcannot be determined until nego-

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BY JANET HOOK

BudgetPactMovesCloserTwo-Year DealWould Head OffShutdown Threat

The U.S. Gulf Coast—home tothe world’s largest concentrationof petroleum refineries—is sud-denly awash in crude oil.

So much high-quality U.S. oilis flowing into the area that theprice of crude there has droppedsharply in the past few weeksand is no longer in sync withglobal prices.

In fact, some experts believe aU.S. oil glut is coming. “We aremoving toward a significantamount of domestic oversupplyof light crude,” says Ed Morse,head of commodities research atCitigroup.

Unthinkable five years ago,the abundance of petroleum re-flects surging output from oilfields in West Texas and NorthDakota, as well as new pipelineroutes to move crude to the re-fining and petrochemical com-plexes that line the coasts of

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BY RUSSELL GOLDAND NICOLE FRIEDMAN

U.S. Oil PricesFall SharplyAs Glut FormsOn Gulf Coast

JEMEPPE-SUR-SAMBRE, Bel-gium—Simon Gronowski, an 82-year-old Holocaust survivor,mesmerized schoolchildren inthis small town recently with adetailed account of jumping off atrain to Auschwitz and hidingfrom the Nazis for three years.

The students lobbed close to50 questions at him, rangingfrom the unsophisticated—“Didyou meet Hitler?”—to the sensi-tive, like his feelings about los-ing the mother and sister who

stayed on the train.But the talk exhausted Mr.

Gronowski. His knees botherhim, he doesn’t hear that well,and it isn’t clear how much lon-ger he can deliver such talks,though he has no plans to stop.“My children and my grandchil-dren will talk about it,” he said.“I can’t do any more than I’mdoing.”

Mr. Gronowski’s plight under-lines an increasingly urgentproblem facing those seeking tomemorialize the Holocaust:Nearly seven decades after

World War II ended, the finalsurvivors are aging and dyingoff, making it immensely harderto convey the tragedy’s reality,which has become only more en-graved in public sentiment sincea large trove of Nazi-confiscatedartworks was recently disclosed.

A survivor who was 20 whenAuschwitz was liberated wouldbe 88 today, and already few areleft who were adults during thewar. “Nothing has as much im-pact as seeing the person in reallife,” said Regina Sluszny, 74,

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BY NAFTALI BENDAVID

SAVING HISTORY

ARace to Preserve the VoicesOfHolocaust’s Last Survivors

WATERTOWN, Mass.—Cura-tor Linda Veiking was midwaythrough leading a tour of thePlumbing Museum here whenshe debunked a legend that hasbeen swirling around for a longtime.

“A lot of peoplethink Thomas Crap-per invented the toi-let, but he didn’t,”she said, standingwith her hands onher hips in the mid-dle of the 2,500-square-foot museumpacked with com-modes, sinks, toiletpaper and diagrams showing theevolution of plumbing codes.

Rather than the esteemedLondon plumber Mr. Crapper,the likely father of the flush toi-let was Englishman John Har-ington, she told her hushed visi-tors, pausing for effect. “Hence,

the name John.”These are the kinds of details

that are drawing people to thisincreasingly popular museumoutside Boston, considered apremier attraction on the tinyinternational toilet-based tour-ism trail. Among the other stops

is a toilet museum inIndia—“It has someabsolutely gorgeouspieces,” Ms. Veikinggushed—and KohlerCo., a 140-year-oldplumbing-productsmanufacturer thatoffers tours of itsWisconsin factory.“It’s really remark-able to watch a toilet

being assembled,” says Kohler’sarchivist Peter Fetterer.

Kohler is one of a number oftoilet makers and plumbing col-lectors who have sent artifactseast to the Plumbing Museum.The Plumbing Heating Cooling

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BY JENNIFER LEVITZ

Watertown, Mass., DiscoversA Swirling Interest in Toilets

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We Owe a Man Named John Our Gratitude;Plumbing Museums Are Restful Stops

Cold Snap for California Crops

PEEL BACK: Ice hangs off oranges in Del Rey, Calif., Thursday as growerstook measures to keep orchards warm. Freezing weather hit severalstates, including Texas, where hundreds of flights were canceled.

MarkCrosse/FresnoBe

e/AssociatedPress

Nelson Mandela, who rose from mili-tant antiapartheid activist to become theunifying president of a democratic SouthAfrica and a global symbol of racial rec-onciliation, died at his Johannesburghome following a lengthy stay at a Preto-ria hospital, the government said Thurs-day. He was 95.

In a state television address, PresidentJacob Zuma said Mr. Mandela had diedthat evening after a long illness. “Our na-tion has lost its greatest son. Our peoplehave lost a father,” said Mr. Zuma,dressed in a dark jacket and reading hisstatement in deep somber tones. “Al-though we knew that this day wouldcome, nothing can diminish our sense ofa profound and enduring loss.”

In a somber statement from the WhiteHouse, President Barack Obama said Mr.Mandela “achieved more than could beexpected of any man. Today he’s gonehome and we’ve lost one of the most in-fluential, courageous and profoundlygood human beings that any of us willshare time with on this Earth.”

He also expressed his condolences in aphone conversation with Mr. Zuma.

As Mr. Zuma addressed the nation,passersby stopped outside Mr. Mandela’shome in Johannesburg, crying and carry-ing flowers and lighting candles. SouthAfrica’s state television broadcasterplayed “Amazing Grace,” as it scrolledthrough pictures of Mr. Mandela’s life andhis struggle against apartheid.

Mr. Mandela spent nearly threemonths in the hospital through Septem-ber, initially to treat a lung infection. Itwas the latest in a series of increasinglysevere ailments South Africa’s first blackpresident had battled since contractingtuberculosis during his nearly three de-

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BY PETER WONACOTT

Brooks

Kraft/Co

rbis

Timeline of his life ......................................... A14 Obama, other leaders, pay tribute....... A15 ANC struggles to maintain unity.......... A15 Life and Legacy video, updates: WSJ.com

Nelson Mandela1918-2013

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