© 2015 Toshiba CorporationPRD-GXM-CCS-0118 R0
May 28, 2015
Toshibaʼs Activities in Carbon Capture
Japan-Norway Energy Science Week 2015
Thermal & Hydro Power Systems & Services DivisionPower Systems Company
Toshiba CorporationKensuke Suzuki
© 2015 Toshiba Corporation 2PRD-GXM-CCS-0118 R0
Contents
1. Background2. Application of CO2 Capture to Thermal Power Plants3. Technology Verification at Mikawa4. Summary
© 2015 Toshiba Corporation 3PRD-GXM-CCS-0118 R0
Thermal Power PlantsNuclear Power Plants
Hydro Power Plants
Steam TurbineGenerators
C&I Systems
Photovoltaic Power
T&D Systems
Hydro TurbineGenerators
Smart Grids / Smart Communities
Toshiba in the Energy Sector
Geothermal Power
Wind Power
© 2015 Toshiba Corporation 4PRD-GXM-CCS-0118 R0
0
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0
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1000
1500
2000
1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010
Year[ PRD-GMG-GES-0016 Rev.43]
CumulativeOutput (GW)
CumulativeNo. of Units
First TurbineDelivered in 1927
Turbine Power Plant Cumulative Experience
1941 Units / 183 GW(as of Nov.2014)
GeothermalTurbine(1966)
SupercriticalTurbine(1968)
NuclearTurbine(1973)
Combined CycleTurbine(1984)
© TOSHIBA CORPORATION 2014, All rights reserved. 5
CO2 Reduction and CCS for Thermal Power Plants
Plant Net Efficiency (LHV)
CO
2 E
mis
sion
s (g
ram
s / k
Wh)
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
30 35 40 45 50 55 60
A-USC
Sub Critical
USC
USC+CCS( 90% CO2 Capture )
A-USC+CCS( 90% CO2 Capture )
1100 lbs / MWh
© TOSHIBA CORPORATION 2014, All rights reserved. 6
Contents
1. Background2. Application of CO2 Capture to Thermal Power Plants3. Technology Verification at Mikawa4. Summary
© 2015 Toshiba Corporation 7PRD-GXM-CCS-0118 R0
ASU: Air Separation Unit FGD: Fuel Gas Desulphurization EP: Electrostatic Precipitator
Boiler DeNOx EP FGD CO2 Capture
CO2H2ON2 H2O
N2O2
Fuel Air
Boiler EP FGD
CO2H2OO2
H2O
FuelASU
AirO2
GasifierFuel
ASUAirO2
CO2 Capture
CO2COH2OH2
H2O CO2H2 H2
Gas Turbine
CO2 Capture
Post Combustion Capture (PCC)
CO2
ShiftReactor
DeNOx/FGD
CO2
CO2
Oxy-Fuel (Firing)
Pre Combustion Capture
PROS:- Capture process after boiler simplified- Little penalty associated with capture itself
CONS:- Energy penalty and cost required for ASU- Plant operational flexibility - Additional equip required for CO2 purity- No partial capture configuration possible
PROS:- Process proven in chemical industry- Adaptable to new build, existing retros- Adaptable to other emitters (steel, cement)- Partial capture configuration possible
CONS:- Energy penalty for capture- Equipments tend to be larger than other techs
PROS:- Capture equipments smaller (high pressure)- Capture energy penalty smaller
CONS:- Energy penalty and cost required for ASU- IGCC lacks operational flexibility of CC - Only new build application- No partial capture configuration possible
CO2 Capture Technology for Thermal Power Plants
© 2015 Toshiba Corporation 8PRD-GXM-CCS-0118 R0
CO2 Loading (mol-CO2/mol-amine)
CO
2Partia
l Pre
ssure
CO2 Capture
Stripper
Reboiler
Flue Gas CapturedCO2 Gas
Absorber
Flue Gas after CO2 Capture
Post Combustion Capture: Chemical Absorption
© 2015 Toshiba Corporation 9PRD-GXM-CCS-0118 R0
CO2 Capture Technology Implementation Flow
E-1 Stirpper
E-3
E-4
E-5
E-6
P-1
P-2P-3
P-6
P-7
P-8
E-7
P-9
P-10
P-11
E-8
P-12
P-14
E-11E-12
P-15
P-16
P-17
P-18
P-19
P-20
I-1
V-1 P-21
P-23
E-13
I-2
P-25 P-26P-27
E-16
P-33 P-34
I-4
V-3 P-35
P-36
I-5
P-38
E-17
P-39P-38
E-18
P-40
E-19
P-41
P
I-6P-42 P-9
T
I-7
P-43
I-8
T
I-9
P-10
T
I-10
P-45
P-11
T
I-11
T
I-12
P-46
P-13
P-47 P-7
T
I-13
P-48P-33
P
I-14 P-49
P
I-16
P-50
P-11
P-51
P-52
N2 NOxSOxCO2O2
I-1I-1I-1I-1I-1
GC
LC
GCGC
LC
Screening of Absorbents andEvaluation of SystemPerformance Improvementby Simulation
Evaluation of Basic Propertiesand Absorption Performance
Performance / DegradationEvaluation by Small Loop
Overall Demonstration atMikawa - PCC Pilot Plant
Full Scale /Commercial Plant
© 2015 Toshiba Corporation 10PRD-GXM-CCS-0118 R0
Stack
Condenser
CEP BFP
Steam Turbine& Generator
Absorber
Stripper
LiquefiedCO2
Reboiler
DeaeLP Heaters HP Heaters
Extraction Steam System
Drain Recovery System
CO2 Compressor
HIP
CO2 Capture Plant
AdditionalFGD
ESPIDF
Boiler
Flue gas treatment
GAH
G LP -ALP -B
Thermal Power Plant and Carbon Capture
Utility Facilities
Waste Water Treatment
Water Supply System
Control and Service Air
CoolingWater
Cooling Tower
Auxiliary power
© 2015 Toshiba Corporation 11PRD-GXM-CCS-0118 R0
Stack
Condenser
CEP BFP
Steam Turbine& Generator
Absorber
Stripper
LiquefiedCO2
Reboiler
DeaeLP Heaters HP Heaters
Extraction Steam System
Drain Recovery System
CO2 Compressor
HIP
CO2 Capture Plant
AdditionalFGD
ESPIDF
Boiler
Flue gas treatment
GAH
G LP -ALP -B
1. Integration toFlue Gas System
Integration to Thermal Power Plants
2. Integration toPower System & Cycle
Utility Facilities
Waste Water Treatment
Water Supply System
Control and Service Air
CoolingWater
Cooling Tower
Auxiliary power
3. Integration withPlant Utility Systems
4. Integration with Power PlantOperation and Maintenance
© 2015 Toshiba Corporation 12PRD-GXM-CCS-0118 R0
CO2 Capture and Compression
Planning of New Built 500MW USC Coal Plant with CCS (Ready) PlantThermal Power Plant Applications
Planning of CCS Demo Retrofit onto Existing 550MW Subcritical Coal Plant
© 2015 Toshiba Corporation 13PRD-GXM-CCS-0118 R0
Contents
1. Background2. Application of CO2 Capture to Thermal Power Plants3. Technology Verification at Mikawa4. Summary
© 2015 Toshiba Corporation 14PRD-GXM-CCS-0118 R0
Outline:
Mikawa Post Combustion CO2 Capture Pilot Plant
Sigma Power Ariake Co., Ltd.Mikawa Power PlantOmuta City, Fukuoka, Japan
Location:
Tokyo
© 2015 Toshiba Corporation 15PRD-GXM-CCS-0118 R0
Summary of Results (as of Apr 2015)
Plant Outline
・ Cumulative 8680 hours of operation on a live flue gasof coal fired thermal power plant
・ CO2 Recovery Energy: less than 2.4 GJ/ t-CO2(@90% CO2 Capture, CO2 Conc. approx. 12%)
・ Verified system stability over 2800 hours ofcontinuous operation.
Location: Omuta City, FukuokaInside Mikawa Thermal Power Plant(Property of SIGMA POWER Ariake Co.Ltd.)
Test Commenced: September 29, 2009Carbon Capture Post Combustion Capture
Technology: Amine-based Chemical Absorption (Toshiba’s Solvent System)Capture Capacity: 10 ton-CO2 / dayFlue Gas Flow: 2100 Nm3 / hour ( from Coal Fired Power Plant )
* Test flue gas CO2 concentration adjustable from 4%(NGCC) to 30%(Steel works)utilizing absorber and stripper exit gas recirculation and air bypass intake line.
Mikawa PCC Pilot Plant - Overview and Summary
Web linkhttp://www.toshiba-smartcommunity.com/en/smart-grid/ccshttp://www3.toshiba.co.jp/power/english/thermal/products/ccs/ccs.htm
© 2015 Toshiba Corporation 16PRD-GXM-CCS-0118 R0
Solvent Sampling and Evaluation
Material Test Piece and Evaluation
PCC Pilot Plant Verification
Evaluation of Plant Operability
Solvent Purification Test
Plant Start-Up and Shutdown
Plant OperabilityO&M Evaluation
Evaluation ofLong TermPlant Performance(Solvents, Materials)
© 2015 Toshiba Corporation 17PRD-GXM-CCS-0118 R0
0
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Operating Time [hr]
CO
2 C
aptu
re R
atio [
%]
0
2
4
6
810
12
14
16
18
20
Cap
ture
d C
O2
[t/D
]
● CO2 Capture Ratio○ Captured CO2
PCC Pilot Plant Test: Continuous Operation Results
© 2015 Toshiba Corporation 18PRD-GXM-CCS-0118 R0
<Background> Zero‐carbon power plants, as well as drastic energy‐saving and maximum use of renewable energy, are essential
to reduce GHG emissions by 80% by 2050. Major emission sources that keep releasing large amounts of CO2 during their long lifetime, especially coal‐fired
power plants, etc., are recommended to implement CCS. To introduce CCS, environmental conservation should be considered by taking Japan‐specific factors into
account: for example, major emission sources spreading throughout Japan, highly‐developed coastal areas, etc.
<Purpose> Examining the components and whole system of the shuttle ship transportation and injection concept, which is
seen as a feasible technology to efficiently transport CO2 between onshore emission sources and offshore storage sites.
Examining environmental impacts of amine solutions that are used to separate and capture CO2. Investigating the effective introduction of CCS (public acceptance, economic evaluation, etc.)
<Goal>Integrated CCS demonstration project consisting of CO2 separation and capture at emission sources such as coal‐fired power plants, CO2 transportation via a shuttle ship, injection from the ship to under the seabed, and monitoring.
Ministry of the Environment CCS Project
© 2015 Toshiba Corporation 19PRD-GXM-CCS-0118 R0
Task 2. Study of Shuttle Ship Transportation and Injection System• Study of shipping models and schedules.• Preliminary design of a vessel and its components.• Technical studies of the components and whole system of
transportation and injection, etc.
Task 3. Investigation of an Effective Introduction• Summarization of advantages and challenges of an environmentally friendly CCS.• Feasibility study and supporting policy evaluation.• Review of Strategy to enhance public acceptance and build consensus.• Exploration of overseas deployment, etc.
Injection wellImpermeablelayer Saline aquifer
Flexible riser pipe
CO2 shuttle‐ship
Coal‐firedpower plant,
etc.CO2
Captureplant
Offshore area (deep water)
Task 4. Investigation for deploying demonstration projects• Review of sites appropriate for integrated CCS demonstration.• Study of monitoring methods for deep-water sea area.• Plan of integrated CCS demonstration project based on Task1 to Task3, etc.
Task 1. Evaluation of the Environmental Impacts in the CO2 Capture Process• Evaluation of amine emissions.• Investigation of methods to mitigate amine emissions.• Risk assessment methodology and guidelines, etc.
MoE CCS Project Outline
© 2015 Toshiba Corporation 20PRD-GXM-CCS-0118 R0
Advisory committee for introducing environmentally friendly CCS
Subcommittee for shuttle ship transportation and injection technologies
Subcommittee for environmental impact of CO2 separation and capture absorbent
Advice
Report
Project leaderDr. Makoto Akai (AIST)
Ministry of the Environmentcontract
Consortium
Mizuho Information & Research Institute, Inc. (organizer)
National Institute of Advanced Industrial science and Technology
Toshiba Corporation Chiyoda Corporation
JGC Corporation Quintessa Japan Quintessa
Quintessa Japan
CO2 capture process (emission testand design of plant etc.)
Plan of integrated CCS demonstration project Examination of public acceptance
Shuttle ship transportation and injection system, Demonstration sites
Summarization of advantages and challenges of environmentally friendly CCS, Study of monitoring methods
Risk assessment of CO2 capture process, Investigation of an effective introduction, consortium secretariat
MoE CCS Project – Institutional Arrangement
© 2015 Toshiba Corporation 21PRD-GXM-CCS-0118 R0
<Details>① Understanding environmental load of CO2 capture processUnderstanding the actual status of environmental effects of amine solutionsduring the use phase and the disposal phase will be conducted.
② Evaluation of amine emissionsQuantitative analysis of amine compounds in emission tests under continuousoperation of Mikawa Post Combustion Capture Pilot Plant will be carried out.
③ Assessing environmental riskTaking into account the results of ①,②, and ④, we will determine thechemical substances subject to risk assessment, define the scope of theassessment, and conduct risk assessments.
④ Investigation of methods to mitigate amine emissionsUsing the newly constructed system which enables control of amine emissionto a low level, optimum operation parameters will be investigated andmitigation performance of the amine emissions will be confirmed to studyemission reduction methods.
⑤ Drafting guidelinesTo minimize environmental impacts of the CO2 capture process, and toencourage plant owners to construct and install the equipment appropriately,we will draft guidelines, which will include guideline values for environmentalrisk assessment.
⑥ Front‐end design for CO2 capture demonstration projectIn order to construct and execute the demonstration facility after FY2016, front‐end design of a CO2 capture facility, with the capacity to capture around 1000 tons of CO2 per day or more, will be performed.
<Background and goals> CO2 absorbents (amine solutions) may affect the
environment when released into the atmosphere. Nitrosamine, a class of chemical compounds including
some amine derivatives, may pose risks to human health. To draft guidelines for risk assessment, which include
guideline values, by understanding the environmentalload through the assessment of risks of the CO2 captureprocess.
To study the impact of emissions from amine solutions onthe environment and flue gas composition, and emissionreduction technologies.
Toshiba Mikawa Post Combustion Capture Pilot Plant(at Omuta, Fukuoka Prefecture)
MoE CCS Project – Evaluation of the Environmental Impacts in the CO2 Capture Process
© 2015 Toshiba Corporation 22PRD-GXM-CCS-0118 R0
MoE CCS PJ: Evaluation and Control of Amine Emissions
AdditionalFGD
ReboilerBlower
CapturedCO2
BoilerFlue GasAbsorberStripper
WashingSection
Introduce part of flue gas from absorber to the testing equipment
Amine Emissions Control Testing Equipment
Mikawa Power Plant
Mikawa PCC Pilot PlantTower 1 Tower 2
Amine Emissions Evaluation and Control Testing scheduled to commence September 2015
Tower 2 Tower 1
© 2015 Toshiba Corporation 23PRD-GXM-CCS-0118 R0
Contents
1. Background2. Application of CO2 Capture to Thermal Power Plants3. Technology Verification at Mikawa4. Summary
© 2015 Toshiba Corporation 24PRD-GXM-CCS-0118 R0
Toshiba continues to work in improving the efficiency anddecarbonizing thermal power plant, as an integrated powerplant supplier.
Toshiba recognizes CCS as means to fundamentally decreasethe CO2 emission of the thermal power plants. With this view,Toshiba built its pilot plant at Mikawa power plant in 2009 totest, verify and accelerate the early deployment of the technology.
Mikawa pilot plant will be used to support the CCS Project forthe Ministry of the Environment, the goal of which is to realizea fully integrated CCS demonstration in Japan, from CO2 capture,transport, off-shore sub-seabed storage and monitoring.
Summary
© 2015 Toshiba Corporation 25PRD-GXM-CCS-0118 R0
Toshiba Corporation Power Systems CompanyThermal & Hydro Power Systems & Services DivisionCCS Business Manager Kensuke Suzukie-mail: [email protected]