Weeks 5 and 6Grammar, Punctuation and Spelling
Lesson 1Parenthesis
What Is Parenthesis?Parenthesis is the addition of extra information or an afterthought in our
writing.
It can be a word, phrase or clause marked with brackets, dashes or
commas.
When a parenthesis is removed, the sentence still makes grammatical
sense.
e.g. I moved to Sheffield in 2011 (when I was six years old).
still makes sense as:
I moved to Sheffield in 2011.
( )
-
,
Parenthesis Punctuation
There are three possible ways to punctuate parenthesis.
Can you tell your partner the three possible ways to punctuate parenthesis?
• Commas
• Brackets
• dashes
Spot the Parenthesis
Can you identify the parenthesis in the following sentences?
The narcissus, daffodil, is a spring plant with yellow petals.
My brother - the one who lives in Australia- is coming over for
Christmas.
Ramchester won the league today (for the fifth season running).
Remember to only put brackets, dashes or commas around the
parenthesis itself.
Check that your sentence still makes sense if you didn’t read the part you
have added the extra punctuation to.
, ,
- -
( )
Complete Activity 1-Recognising Parenthesis
Lesson 2Parenthesis
Starter activity: Adding ParenthesisWrite sentences about these pictures where you add a parenthesis:
Ready for action, Superman (wearing his trademark red cape) called his friends to join
him in the fight against evil.
Supergirl showed the way – despite being completely lost – to find the
villains.
Complete Activity 2- Adding Parenthesis
Lesson 3Prefixes
de-
A prefix is a group of letters which comes before a root word to alter its meaning. (The word prefix contains the prefix pre- which means before.)
Knowledge and understanding of prefixes is very important to help you infer the meaning of words and to spell them correctly.
Revise and Remind
re-Here are some examples of this prefix in use –
replayrewindrevisit retrain
What do you think this prefix means when it is used before a root word?
The prefix re- refers to the act of doing something again or
moving/backing away.
Can you think of any other words which use the prefix re-?
Revise and Remind
dis-Here are some examples of this prefix in use –
What do you think this prefix means when it is used before a root word?
The prefix dis- has a reversing negative effect. It means ‘don’t’ or ‘not’ when used before a word.
Can you think of any other words which use the prefix dis-?
dislike
disabled
disallow
disbelieve
distrust
disapprove
Revise and Remind
de-Here are some examples of this prefix in use –
What do you think this prefix means when it is used before a root word?
The prefix de- means ‘to remove’, ‘off’ or ‘from’. It can also be used
to form an opposite.
Can you think of any other words which use the prefix de-?
decrease
deice
devalue
decouple
decode
Revise and Remind
mis-Here are some examples of this prefix in use –
What do you think this prefix means when it is used before a root word?
The prefix mis- means ‘wrongly’ or ‘badly.’
Can you think of any other words which use the prefix mis-?
misstep
misbehave
misfit
mislead
mistrial
Revise and Remind
over-Here are some examples of this prefix in use –
What do you think this prefix means when it is used before a root word?
The prefix over- means ‘too much’ of something, ‘above’ or ‘beyond.’
Can you think of any other words which use the prefix over-?
overheat
overreact
overcook
overfull
overdress
Complete Activity 3
• Matching prefixes
Lesson 4Prefixes
de-
A prefix is a group of letters which comes before a root word to alter its meaning. (The word prefix contains the prefix pre- which means before.)
Knowledge and understanding of prefixes is very important to help you infer the meaning of words and to spell them correctly.
Reminder:
Complete activity 4
• Finishing sentences
Lesson 5Prefixes
Recap the last 2 lessons to remind yourself what you have learnt about prefixes
Complete Activity 5
• Mini test
Lesson 6Suffixes
What Do We Know?
Revision Questions:
What is a noun?
What is an adjective?
What is a verb?
What is a suffix?
Nouns
John
A noun is the
name of a
person, animal,
place, thing or
idea.
England
What Do We Know?
loud
brighttastysurprisedAdjective
sclever
strictquicksilly
An adjective is
a word which
gives more
information
about a noun
or pronoun.
green
quietbeautiful angrylong
What Do We Know?
cook
squeezeshutsing Verbswork
enjoylistencry
A verb
describes what
a person or
thing is doing
or being.
slam
playdraw laughjog
What Do We Know?
careful-ful
(full of)careless
-less
(without)Suffixes
A suffix is an
‘ending’, used at
the end of one
word to turn it into
another word.
What Do We Know?
Learning More about Suffixes
-ise
A suffix is added to the end of a root
which is either a whole word or part of a
word – to form a new word as well as
alter the way it functions grammatically.
-ify
For example, adding the suffix – dom
(meaning a place or state of being) to
the end of the word free results in a new
word with a new meaning freedom.
-ateFreedomFree-dom
to make; cause to become
make or become
become
-ise
Learning More about Suffixes
-ify
-ate
It is important to understand the
definitions of suffixes, because they
help us to deduce the meanings of
any new words that we learn.
Think about the different words
which can be created through
adding the above suffixes.
-ise -ate -ify
sterilise liquidate magnify
fossilise activate glorify
What do you think the definition of
each suffix is?
The suffixes –ise -ate -ify are
verb suffixes.
Learning More about Suffixes
Remember,
when we add
the suffixes the
usual spelling
rules apply:
For words ending in ‘y’
(change the ‘y’ to ‘i’
before adding the
ending): memory =
memorise
Words ending in ‘e’
(remove the ‘e’
before adding the
ending): simple =
simplify
Words ending with a short
vowel sound (double the
consonant before adding the
ending): swim = swimming
Learning More about Suffixes
-ifyYou can change nouns and adjectives into verbs by
adding the suffix –ify.
Example:
Through adding the
suffix -ify we have
changed the adjective
‘solid’ into the verb
‘solidify’.
The ice cube is solid.
I solidify the water by freezing it.
humid + ify = humidify
However, sometimes the
root word changes before
the suffix is added.
peace + ify = pacify
horror + ify = horrify
Spelling Rules for -ify
Many words with the suffix –ify are created simply by
adding the –ify suffix to a noun or adjective root word, e.g.
solid + -ify = solidify
However, sometimes we need to remove the ‘e’ from the
end of a noun or adjective root word before adding –ify,
e.g.
pure – e = pur pur + -ify = purify
Root words that end in ‘y’ usually remove this letter before
adding –ify, e.g.
glory – y = glor glor + -ify = glorify
Learning More about Suffixes
-ateYou can change nouns and adjectives into verbs by
adding the suffix –ate.
active + ate =
activateExample:
Through adding the suffix -ate
we have changed the noun
‘invalid’ into the verb
‘invalidate’.
He was turned away with his
invalid ticket.
He tore up his ticket to
invalidate it.
But again, the root word often
changes before the suffix is
added (this happens a lot with
the –ify suffix!)
pollen + ate = pollinate
medical + ate = medicate
Spelling Rules for -ateMany words with the suffix –ate are created simply by
adding the –ate suffix to a noun or adjective root word,
e.g.
carbon+ -ate = carbonate
However, sometimes we need to remove the ‘e’ from the
end of a noun or adjective root word before adding –ate,
e.g.
vaccine – e = vaccin vaccin + -ate = vaccinate
To change an –ation noun to an –ate verb, remove the –
ation suffix and replace it with –ate, e.g.
hibernation - -ation= hiber hibern + -ate = hibernate
Learning More about Suffixes
-iseYou can change nouns and adjectives into verbs by
adding the suffix –ise.
Again, the root sometimes
changes before the suffix is
added.
hypnotic + ise = hypnotise
Example:
Through adding the suffix -ise
we have changed the adjective
‘capital’ into the
verb ‘capitalise’.
The proper noun needs to begin
with a capital letter.
She needs to capitalise the
proper noun.
magnet + ise = magnetise
Complete Activity 6
• Sort the suffixes
Lesson 7Suffixes
Recap what we learnt yesterday about suffixes
Complete Activity 7
• Use all of the information you have learned and practised about the suffixes –ate –ise -ify. Work on your own to complete the activity.
Lesson 8Suffixes
Recap the last 2 lessons to remind yourself what you have learnt about suffixes
Complete Activity 8
• Mini test
Lesson 9Uplevelling sentences
GPS (Grammar, punctuation and spelling) recap:
Complete activity 9
• Improve the sentences
Lesson 10Uplevelling sentences
GPS (Grammar, punctuation and spelling) recap:
Complete activity 10
• Improve the sentences