What body systems did you learn last year? Their functions?
• Class discussion
Connect cell to system organization Cells: ___________________________________
Tissues: group of _________________ working together for a ____________________ Ex.
Organs: group of __________ working together for a _________________________ Ex.
Organ System: group of _____________ working together for a _____________________ Ex.
Organism: group of ____________ working together for the ____________________________. Ex.
Which system protects our body against diseases?
• Class discussion
DISEASESWhat are non-infectious diseases?• Diseases which are ______________________________________• Person acquires disease from ______________ or _____________• Can be __________, ________________, or cause_____________.Examples:
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
What are infectious diseases?• Diseases that __________________________________________.Examples:
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Recommended Immunization Schedule Analysis
Class work: 1) Take a look at the next couple slides on the
‘Recommended Immunization Schedule’ and make a list of the vaccines that every child takes from 0-6 years old, and from 7-18 years old.
2) How many vaccines should you have had by now, according to the immunization schedule?
3) Do these vaccines protect you from infectious or non-infectious diseases? Explain.
Sample Vaccination Report Analysis
Class work: Take a look at the next slide titled ‘ImmunizationReport’ to answer the following questions.1) How old is the child in the report? When is
his/her birthday?2) What vaccinations has he/she had? 3) Has this child been vaccinated for chicken pox?
HepB 2-2-97 3-4-97 8-7-97DTP/Td/TD 4-8-97 6-10-97 6-9-98 9-10-01 7-28-02
OPV/IPV 2-14-97 4-8-97 6-10-97 1-31-01 9-10-01
Hib 4-8-97 6-10-97 8-11-97 6-4-01 9-10-01
MMR/Meas 3-3-98 11-8-02
PCV 2-1-97 1-31-01 3-2-01 2-8-02
Varicella 2-1-97
Other Flu: 2-8-02, FluLo: 3-2-01
P.D PatientDOB: 2/1/1997AGE: 5.8 yearsImmunization/Vaccination Report
Reliable history of varicella? YES
What is a vaccine?Vaccine:• ________________________________________________
________________________________• Contains a substance that
________________________________________• It is a ______________form of the pathogen but
________________________________________________________________________________.
• The immune system recognizes the pathogen as _________________, ______________, and _________________, so that the immune system can more easily___________________________________
• _____________________________________________
Disease causing agents: Pathogens
Examples of pathogens and their related diseases:• Virus: ____________________________________• Bacteria: _________________________________• Protists (parasites): _________________________
How are pathogens transmitted? Class discussion.
VIRUS• Virus = HIV• Disease = AIDS
• Virus = Varicella zoster virus• Disease = Chicken Pox
• Virus = Polio virus• Disease = Polio
• Virus = Influenza virus• Disease = Flu
Bacteria
• Bacteria = Tubercle bacillus• Disease = Tuberculosis (TB)
• Bacteria = Borellia• Disease: Lyme Disease
• Bacteria = Streptococcus pnuemoniae
• Disease = Pneumonia
Portists (Parasites)
• Protist = Plasmodium• Disease = Malaria
• Protist = Trypanosoma• Disease = African Sleeping
Sickness
• Protist = Amoeba• Disease = Dysentery
THE IMMUN SYSTEMHow does the body defend itself
against infectious disease?
Parts of the Immune System
Function of the Immune System:
Definition of immunity:
Parts of the IMMUNE SYSTEMSpleen:
Structure:
Function:
Lymph nodes:
Structure:
Function:
Tonsils:
Structure:
Function:
Thymus Gland:
Structure:
Function:
There are two types of immunity:
1) ___________________________________2) ___________________________________
1) Non-specific Immunity(Innate Immunity)
Definition:
Examples:
• Interferons
• Inflammation
• Leukocytes
Q. Which organelle is the most abundant in this cell?
White blood cells are fighting with bacteria.
2) Specific Immunity (acquired-adaptive immunity)
It is provided by_______________which arespecific to the ___________.
a) B lymphocytes:
b) T lymphocytes:
How do the cells work? (Active or Passive immunity)
Active immunity• Gained by:
• Our body produces:
Passive immunity• Gained by:
• Our body does not produce antibody, instead it:
• Example:
ANTIBODIES ARE BIOLOGICAL WEAPONS. HOW DO THEY KILL THE PATHOGEN?
ANTIBODIES• Structure: ____________________• Produced by: _________________• Function: ______________________________________________________________________________• This causes one of two things to happen: 1) _______________________________________
Or 2) _______________________________________
ANTIBIOTICS or ANTIBACTERIALS• Antibiotics are used to: __________________________________________________________________• _____________________________________________________________________________________• There is concern worldwide that antibiotics are
_____________________________. Antibiotic overuse is one of the factors that contributes towards _______________________________ as the growing number of bacterial infections which are becoming _____________________________.