Wood anatomy - the role of macroscopic and microscopic wood identification against illegal logging
www.globaltimbertrackingnetwork.org
GTTN II kickoff meeting, PD Dr. Gerald Koch, TI 2
The InsideWood database includes 9,033 wood anatomical descriptions and 46,796 images
Wood anatomy - established methods for the macroscopic and microscopic identification of internationally traded timber
Macroscopic wood structure
of oak (left) and mahogany (right)
GTTN II kickoff meeting, PD Dr. Gerald Koch, TI 3
International Association of Wood Anatomists
Initiation of WRAITH Wood Research Against Illegal Timber Harvest (PI Alex Wiedenhoeft)
IAWA task force related to illegal logging
Outreach to illegal logging stakeholders
Building standardized protocols and proficiency tests for woodID
Further activities in the context of:
GTTN,
UNODC,
INTERPOL,
CITES,
etc.
Dr. Yafang Yin Executive Secretary IAWA
GTTN II kickoff meeting, PD Dr. Gerald Koch, TI 4
Development and application of databases examples of internationally used systems
The InsideWood database Index Xylariorum IV by Kew
Computerized wood
identification
programs based on the
delta-intkey system
GTTN II kickoff meeting, PD Dr. Gerald Koch, TI 5
Timber and timber products as classified in the Combined Nomenclature in Annex I to
Regulation (EEC) No. 2658/87
4401 Fuel wood, in logs, billets, pellets or similar forms;
4403 Wood (solid), not stripped, stripped of bark or two- or four-sided trimmed;
4406 Timber railway sleepers;
4407 Wood (sawn) or chipped lengthwise with a thickness exceeding 6 mm;
4408 Veneer sheets for plywood or for similar laminated wood
4410 Particle board, "oriented strand board" plates and similar plates
4411 Fibreboard of wood, agglomerated with resins or other organic substances;
4412 Plywood, veneered panels and similar laminated wood;
4415 Packing cases, boxes, and similar packing's
940330, 940340, 94035000, 940360 and 94039030 wood furniture
Pulp and paper of chapters 47 and 48 of the Combined Nomenclature
The European Union Timber Regulation (EUTR)
requires obligations on businesses who trade in timber
and timber related products
GTTN II kickoff meeting, PD Dr. Gerald Koch, TI 6
Wood anatomy - requested expertise number of analyzed wood samples at the TI
Increase of requests/reports “Wood identification” since the implementation of the EUTR
GTTN II kickoff meeting, PD Dr. Gerald Koch, TI 7
Genus / Species Family Trade Name Number
Pterygota spp. STERCULIACEAE KASAH 7
Acacia mangium FABACEAE-MIMOSOIDEAE MANGIUM 1
Heritiera spp. STERCULIACEAE MENGKULANG 2
Bhesa spp. CELASTRACEAE BIKU-BIKU 1
Sterculia spp. STERCULIACEAE KELUMPANG 1
Palaquium spp. SAPOTACEAE NYATOH 1
Scaphium spp. STERCULIACEAE KEMBANG-
SEMANGKOK 12
Terminalia spp. COMBRETACEAE KETAPANG 1
Casearia spp. FLACOURTIACEAE TAPION KIRABAS 1
Parashorea spp. DIPTEROCARPACEAE URAT MATA 1
Shorea subg. Shorea DIPTEROCARPACEAE YELLOW BALAU 2
Sindora spp. FABACEAE-
CAESALPINIOIDEAE SEPETIR 2
Swintonia spp. ANACARDIACEAE MERPAUH 1
Canarium spp.,
Dacryodes spp. BURSERACEAE KEDONDONG 10
Durio spp. BOMBACACEAE DURIAN 2
Parinari spp. CHRYSOBALANACEAE MERBATU 1
Horsfieldia spp. MYRISTICACEAE PENARAHAN 1
Anispotera spp. DIPTEROCARPACEAE MERSAWA 1
Cinnamomum spp.,
Persea spp. LAURACEAE MEDANG 3
Pentace spp. TILIACEAE MELUNAK 1
Identification of 20
different wood species
(botanical taxa) in 52
components of a single
folding table!
Wood anatomy - requested expertise example for the control of imported wood products
GTTN II kickoff meeting, PD Dr. Gerald Koch, TI
8
Anatomical identification of individual veneer layers (< 0.2 mm thickness) in plywood
Wood anatomy - requested expertise identification of plywood
GTTN II kickoff meeting, PD Dr. Gerald Koch, TI 9
Microscopic identification of individual vessel types and tracheids in fiber boards (MDF)
Wood anatomy - requested expertise identification of fiber boards (MDF)
GTTN II kickoff meeting, PD Dr. Gerald Koch, TI
10
Individual types of vessels for the identification
of acacia, machang and red meranti in pulp
and paper
Determination of the size of pits in macerated
vessel elements
Preparation of macerated (= separated) cell-elements and fibres
Acacia mangium Mangifera spp. Shorea subg. Rubroshorea
Wood anatomy - requested expertise identification of pulp and paper
GTTN II kickoff meeting, PD Dr. Gerald Koch, TI
11
Wood anatomy - requested expertise development of a fiber atlas for tropical timber
Botanical genus / Family Trade name
Alstonia spp. / APOCYNACEAE Pulai
Aucoumea klaineana / BURSERACEAE Okoumé
Beilschmiedia spp. / LAUARACEAE Medang
Campnosperma spp. / ANACARDIACEAE Terentang
Canarium spp. / BURSERACEAE Kedongdong
Endospermum spp. / ANACARDIACEAE Sesendok
Ochanostachys amentacea / OLACACEAE Petaling
Octomeles sumatrana / DATISCACEAE Binuang
Palaquium spp. / SAPOTACEAE Nyatoh
Pentaspadon spp. / ANACARDIACEAE Pelaju
Shorea spp. subg. Rubroshorea / DIPTEROCARPACEAE Red Meranti
Swintonia spp. / ANACARDIACEAE Merpauh
GTTN II kickoff meeting, PD Dr. Gerald Koch, TI
12
Identification of the CITES-protected species
in fingerboards of guitars
Wood anatomy - requested expertise identification of CITES-protected timber
CITES-listings of the whole
species (> 250) of the genus
Dalbergia = rosewood and the
three species of the assortment
Bubinga = Guibourtia.
The new CITES-listings include
regularly traded timber, e.g.
Dalbergia sissoo = sheesham or
Dalbergia latifolia = sonokeling
used for furniture and music
instruments.
High requirements with regard to
the identification and
documentation
GTTN II kickoff meeting, PD Dr. Gerald Koch, TI
13
Wood anatomy - requested expertise Outlook and activities in cooperation with the IAWA
Support and expansion of the
international cooperation's
and training courses
Focus on the education and
promotion of (young) scientists
in the field of wood anatomy
Enlargement and development
of databases, especially for
the identification of fibers
Providing of the expertise's for
authorities and trading
companies, etc.
UNODC expert meeting, 2014-2015, Vienna, Austria
China-Germany Joint Training Course on CITES Timber
Identification
The objective of the Global Timber Tracking Network (GTTN) is to promote the operationalization of innovative tools for wood identification and origin determination, to assist the fight against illegal logging and related trade around the globe.
GTTN is an open alliance that cooperates along a joint vision and the network activities are financed through an open multi-
donor approach. GTTN phase 2 coordination (2017-2019) is financed by the German Federal Ministry of Food and Agriculture (BMEL).
www.globaltimbertrackingnetwork.org