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Housing topics – Key results of the UNECE Survey on National Census Practices
Adelheid BauerStatistics Austria
2-October-2013
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Content of the Presentation
Main results: concepts usedMain results: core topicsMain results: non-core topicsNew topics First proposals for the 2020 CESR
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Living quarters are those housing types which are the usual residences of one or more persons. The concept of living quarters is qualified by the definitions of the main categories into which living quarters are divided.
Concepts: Living quarters
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Living quarters – key problems
Other housing unitsWhile the concept of conventional dwellings is
used by 100 per cent of the register-based census countries, the concept of other housing units is only used by four (out of eight, no response from one country)
Reason clearly given: Units are not available in the register(s)
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Living quarters – key problems
Other housing unitsCombined census: seven out of ten countries
fully implemented the concept (occupied conventional dwellings: 90 %)
Traditional census: 25 out of 29 countries fully implemented the concept (occupied conventional dwelling: 25 out of 28)
Reasons for not complying are either concept not used or definition not fully compliant
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Concepts: Homelessness
A homeless person can be broadly defined as a person who, because of the lack of housing, has not other option than to sleep
Rough In emergency shelters, … … In accomodation temporarily provided by friends or relatives…
Primary homelessness Secondary homelessness
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Homelessness: key problems
Homeless persons are difficult to enumerate or there is no information in (population) registers
Slightly more than half of the surveyed countries adopted the concept of primary homelessness
Only a quarter of the surveyed countries adopted the concept of secondary homelessness
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Homelessness: key problems
Countries with a traditional or combined census more often enumerated primary homeless persons than countries with a register-based census
No significant difference among different census approaches with respect to secondary homeless
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Inclusion of core topics by census methodology
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Avera
ge (all t
opics)
Wa ter s
upply syste
m
Toilet fa
c ilities
Us eful floor s
pace
Occupancy s
tatus
B athing facil
ities
Type of b
uilding
Housing a rra
ngements
Type of li
ving quaters
Number of r
ooms
Type of h
eating
P eriod of c
onstructio
n
Type of o
wnership
combined approach register-based approach traditional approach * all methods
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Inclusion of core topics in EEA and non EEA countries
0%
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
70%
80%
90%
100%
Avera
ge (a
ll top
ics)
Water
supp
ly sy
stem
Toilet
facil
ities
Usefu
l floo
r spa
ce
Occup
ancy
stat
us
Bathin
g fa
cilitie
s
Type
of bu
ilding
Housin
g arra
ngem
ents
Type
of liv
ing q
uate
rs
Number o
f roo
ms
Type
of he
ating
Period
of c
onstru
ction
Type
of ow
ners
hip
EEA countries non EEA countries
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Core topics – Classification used
R...RecommendedO...OptionalD...Different from CES Recommendations1 Number of rooms: it is only recommended that the residual group should at least be limited to one which
contains less than 10 per cent of the cases and, at most, the category 10 or more rooms. 2 Identical at the one-digit level, but classification according to number of dwellings at the two-digit level.
One-digit Two-digit Three-digit EU classification OtherHousing arrangements R (28) D (10) (2)
Type of living quarters R (28) O (6) CES 1-digit (7) (3)
Occupancy status R (10) R (15) O (4) D (11) (2)
Type of ownership R (23) O (10) CES 1-digit (8) (6)
Useful floor space R (27) CES 1-digit (10) (1)
Number of rooms R1 (15) D (10) (2)
Water supply system R (21) O (6) O (3) CES 1-digit (6) (-)
Toilet facilities R (25) O (3) O (2) CES 1-digit (7) (1)
Bathing facilities R (27) O (3) O (1) CES 1 digit (8) (1)
Type of heating R (22) O (10) CES 1-digit (7) (3)
Dwellings by type of buildings R (11) R (10) R (6) D2 (10) (3)
Dwellings by period of construction R (19) O (11) CES 1-digit (9) (4)
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Inclusion of non core topics
Proportion of countries including the topic Topics
> 50% main type of heating energy, kitchen
> 33 and < 50% electricity, piped gas, type of sewage disposal system, hot water, occupancy by number of private households, dwellings by number of floors in the building, dwellings by materials of which specific parts of the building are constructed
> 20 and < 33% air-conditioning, lift, position of dwelling in the building
< 20% accessibility to dwelling, cooking facilities, type of rooms, dwellings by state of repair of the building
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Other topics Only few countries reported other topics.
Four types of topics can be identified:a. Questions related to energy saving and thermal
insulation (Bulgaria, Italy, Romania)b. Questions related to costs of maintaining the
accomodation (Portugal, Canada, United States)c. Does the accomodation suit the needs of people
with a disability (Northern Ireland)d. More information on the building (Austria, FYROM,
Poland, Portugal)
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New topics for 2020 Type of energy used for heating water Yes, for sure: Switzerland (topic since 1980) Yes, possibly: Belgium, Finland, Israel, Turkey, Albania No: 37 %, Not yet decided: 49 %
Type of energy used for air-conditioning No: 53 %, Not yet decided: 47 %
Thermal insulation of the building Yes, possibly: Belgium, Hungary, Serbia No: 38 %, Not yet decided: 55%
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Housing topics – first proposals for the 2020 CESR
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First proposals – concepts and definitions
Living quarter, housing unit, conventional dwelling, other housing unit, collective living quarter
Þ Concept and definitions remain as they areÞ To be discussed: Put categories „semi-permanent
units“ and „other units designed for habitation“ together (Type of living quarter)
Þ Take into consideraton that in some countries housing units other than a conventional dwelling such as mobile homes, cabins, huts etc. are not relevant as place of usual residence of people?
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First proposals – concepts and definitions
Homelessness (primary, secondary)
Þ Concept and definition has to be adapted in accordance with the chapter on households and families
Þ (4.0) of Housing arrangements (Persons who are not usual residents in any living quarter category such as homeless or other people moving between temporary accomodations) and (2.2) of Household status (Primary homeless person)
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First proposals – concepts and definitions
Room
Þ Is the definition of „Room“ in terms of a minimum size of 4m2 necessary?
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First proposals – core topics
Water supply system, toilet and bathing facilitiesÞ Non-core topics?
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First proposals – core topics
Occupancy status, modified classification recommended at the one-digit level, optional at the two- and three-digit level
(1.0) Occupied conventional dwellings
(2.0) Unoccupied conventional dwellings (2.1) Dwellings reserved for seasonal or secondary use
(2.2) Dwellings with residents not included in the census
(2.3) Vacant dwellings
(2.3.1) Vacant for sale
(2.3.2) Vacant for rent
(2.3.3) Vacant for demolition
(2.3.4) Other vacant or not known
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First proposals – core topics
Type of building700. The following classification is recommended:
701. Number of conventional dwellings in:
(1.0) Residential building (1.1) Detached house (1.1.1) Detached houses with one dwelling (1.1.2) Detached houses with two dwellings (1.2) Semi-detached house (two attached dwellings) (1.3) Row (or terraced) house (at least three attached or connected dwellings each with separate access to the outside) (1.4) Apartment buildings (1.4.1) Apartment buildings with three to nine dwellings (1.4.2) Appartment buildings with 10 or more dwellings (1.5) Other residential buildings(2.0) Non-residential buildings
702. For some purposes, it might be useful to classify the buildings by the number of dwellings a building contains. The relationship between the classification under paragraph 701 and the classification of buildings by the number of dwellings a building contains is:
a) Dwellings in one-dwelling buidlings: (1.1.1) b) Dwellings in two-dwelling buildings: (1.1.2) and (1.2) c) Dwellings in three or more dwelling buildings: (1.3) and (1.4)
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First proposals – core topics
Type of buildingÞ Skip „701. Number of conventional dwellings in:“ and 703 Þ Re-number 702 to 701. For some purposes, it might be useful
to classify the buildings by the number of dwellings a building contains.
Þ Skip the explanation on the relationship.Þ Proposed alternative classification by number of dwellings 1.0 Conventional dwellings in residential buildings 1.1 Conventional dwellings in residential buildings with one dwelling 1.2 Conventional dwellings in residential buildings with two dwellings 1.3 Conventional dwellings in residential buildings with three or more
dwellings 2.0 Conventional dwellings in non-residential buildings
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First proposals – non-core topics
To be discussed, if any of the non-core topics should be eliminated (for example cooking facilities)
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First proposals – new topics
Not much support for new topics. Too much burden for a housing census?
To be discussed: Inclusion of „Main type of energy used for heating water“ as additional non-core topic
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Please address queries to:Adelheid Bauer
Register-based Census Unit
Contact information:Guglgasse 13, 1110 Viennaphone: +43 (1) 71128-7210
fax: +43 (1) [email protected]
Thank you for your attention