1573FY 2009 Annual Progress Report DOE Hydrogen Program
3M CompanyV.D.11 Novel Approaches to Immobilized Heteropoly Acid (HPA) Systems for High Temperature,
Low Relative Humidity Polymer-Type Membranes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1034
V.D.13 Membranes and MEAs for Dry, Hot Operating Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1042
V.E.1 Advanced Cathode Catalysts and Supports for PEM Fuel Cells. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1065
A Mountaintop LLCVII.1 HyDRA: Hydrogen Demand and Resource Analysis Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1267
Acumentrics CorporationV.I.5 Development of a Low Cost 3-10 kW Tubular SOFC Power System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1141
Addison BainIX.7 Hydrogen Safety Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1436
AdrenalineX.2 Hydrogen Education for Code Officials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1457
Advanced Technology CorporationIII.18 Materials Solutions for Hydrogen Delivery in Pipelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .361
Aerel RankinVII.17 Thermodynamic, Economic, and Environmental Modeling of Hydrogen (H2) Co-Production
Integrated with Stationary Fuel Cell Systems (FCS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1332
Air Products and Chemicals, Inc.III.3 Hydrogen Regional Infrastructure Program in Pennsylvania . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 296
III.13 Reversible Liquid Carriers for an Integrated Production, Storage and Delivery of Hydrogen . . . . . . . 340
IV.C.1g Enabling Discovery of Materials With a Practical Heat of Hydrogen Adsorption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .605
VIII.6 Validation of an Integrated Hydrogen Energy Station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1374
VIII.7 California Hydrogen Infrastructure Project . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1378
IX.7 Hydrogen Safety Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1436
Alameda-Contra Costa TransitVIII.2 Controlled Hydrogen Fleet and Infrastructure Demonstration and Validation Project . . . . . . . . . . . 1359
Alaska Center for Energy and PowerVIII.11 TDX Foundation Hydrogen Project . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1392
Albemarle CorporationIV.A.1j Catalyzed Nano-Framework Stablized High-Density Reversible Hydrogen Storage Systems . . . . . . . .450
American National Standards InstituteIX.8 Codes & Standards for the Hydrogen Economy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1440
Ames LaboratoryIV.I.19 Complex Hydrides - A New Frontier for Future Energy Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .879
XVI. Project Listings by Organization
XVI. Project Listings by Organization
1574DOE Hydrogen Program FY 2009 Annual Progress Report
Archer Daniels Midland CompanyII.A.3 Hydrogen Generation from Biomass-Derived Carbohydrates via the Aqueous-Phase
Reforming (APR) Process. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31
Argonne National LaboratoryII.A.5 Distributed Reforming of Renewable Liquids via Water Splitting Using Oxygen
Transport Membrane (OTM) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41
II.A.7 Pressurized Steam Reforming of Bio-Derived Liquids for Distributed Hydrogen Production . . . . . . . . .49
II.G.1 R&D Status for the Cu-Cl Thermochemical Cycle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .155
III.1 Hydrogen Delivery Infrastructure Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 289
III.8 Hydrogen Pipeline Compressors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .319
IV.C.1f Hydrogen Storage Media through Nanostructured Polymeric Materials. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .601
IV.E.2 System Level Analysis of Hydrogen Storage Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .714
V.A.1 Fuel Cell Systems Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .919
V.A.4 Fuel Cell Testing at Argonne National Laboratory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .937
V.E.1 Advanced Cathode Catalysts and Supports for PEM Fuel Cells. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1065
V.E.4 Non-Platinum Bimetallic Cathode Electrocatalysts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1087
V.E.5 Advanced Cathode Catalysts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1092
VII.3 Cost Implications of Hydrogen Quality Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1274
VII.12 Fuel-Cycle Analysis of Hydrogen-Powered Fuel-Cell Systems with the GREET Model . . . . . . . . . . .1312
Arizona State UniversityII.C.1 Zeolite Membrane Reactor for Water-Gas-Shift Reaction for Hydrogen Production. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .72
II.E.1 Development of Water Splitting Catalysts Using a Novel Molecular Evolution Approach . . . . . . . . . .122
V.D.6 Protic Salt Polymer Membranes: High-Temperature Water-Free Proton-Conducting Membranes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1012
V.G.1 Nitrided Metallic Bipolar Plates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1104
VI.6 Adaptive Process Controls and Ultrasonics for High Temperature PEM MEA Manufacture . . . . . . 1249
Arkema Inc.V.D.12 Improved, Low-Cost, Durable Fuel Cell Membranes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1039
ASME Standards Technology LLCIII.18 Materials Solutions for Hydrogen Delivery in Pipelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .361
ATI Allegheny LudlumV.G.1 Nitrided Metallic Bipolar Plates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1104
Automotive Fuel Cell CooperationV.E.3 Development of Alternative and Durable High Performance Cathode Supports for PEM
Fuel Cells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1081
VIII.4 Hydrogen to the Highways . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1365
Avalence LLCII.E.2 High-Capacity, High Pressure Electrolysis System with Renewable Power Sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .128
Bain, Addison IX.7 Hydrogen Safety Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1436
Ballard Material ProductsVI.3 Reduction in Fabrication Costs of Gas Diffusion Layers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1233
1575FY 2009 Annual Progress Report DOE Hydrogen Program
XVI. Project Listings by Organization
Ballard Power SystemsV.B.2 Water Transport in PEM Fuel Cells: Advanced Modeling, Material Selection, Testing,
and Design Optimization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .963
V.G.2 Next Generation Bipolar Plates for Automotive PEM Fuel Cells. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1108
V.I.3 Intergovernmental Stationary Fuel Cell System Demonstration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1132
VI.3 Reduction in Fabrication Costs of Gas Diffusion Layers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1233
BASFIV.D.1i Ford/BASF Activities in Support of the Hydrogen Storage Engineering Center of Excellence. . . . . . .701
BASF Catalysts LLCV.F.1 Platinum Group Metal Recycling Technology Development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1100
BASF Fuel Cell ETEKV.I.4 FC40 International Stationary Fuel Cell Demonstration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1136
Battelle Energy Alliance, LLCIV.B.1f Low-Cost Precursors to Novel Hydrogen Storage Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .539
Battelle Memorial InstituteVIII.8 Technology Validation: Fuel Cell Bus Evaluations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1382
X.2 Hydrogen Education for Code Officials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1457
BCS Fuel CellsV.B.2 Water Transport in PEM Fuel Cells: Advanced Modeling, Material Selection, Testing,
and Design Optimization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .963
Becht EngineeringIX.7 Hydrogen Safety Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1436
BekkTech LLCV.D.1 Lead Research and Development Activity for DOE’s High Temperature, Low Relative
Humidity Membrane Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 989
Bloom Energy, Inc.V.I.7 Low-Cost Co-Production of Hydrogen and Electricity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1151
BMW Hybrid Technology CorporationIII.13 Reversible Liquid Carriers for an Integrated Production, Storage and Delivery of Hydrogen . . . . . . . 340
Boeing Research and TechnologyVI.7 Development of Advanced Manufacturing Technologies for Low Cost Hydrogen
Storage Vessels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1254
Bowman, DavidVII.11 Development of HyTrans Model and Integrated Scenario Analysis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1307
BP AmericaVII.8 Analysis of the Hydrogen Production and Delivery Infrastructure as a Complex
Adaptive System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1296
VIII.3 Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicle & Infrastructure Demonstration Program Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1362
VIII.4 Hydrogen to the Highways . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1365
XVI. Project Listings by Organization
1576DOE Hydrogen Program FY 2009 Annual Progress Report
Brookhaven National LaboratoryIV.A.1e Aluminum Hydride Regeneration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .422
IV.I.9 Atomistic Transport Mechanisms in Reversible Complex Metal Hydrides . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .836
V.E.2 Highly Dispersed Alloy Catalyst for Durability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1075
V.E.5 Advanced Cathode Catalysts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1092
Cabot Fuel CellsV.E.5 Advanced Cathode Catalysts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1092
California Fuel Cell PartnershipX.1 Hydrogen Safety: First Responder Education . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1453
California Institute of TechnologyIV.A.1n Development and Evaluation of Advanced Hydride Systems for Reversible Hydrogen Storage. . . . . .472
IV.A.1q Synthesis of Nanophase Materials for Thermodynamically Tuned Reversible Hydrogen Storage. . . . .487
IV.C.1l Enhanced Hydrogen Dipole Physisorption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .625
IV.D.1f Key Technologies, Thermal Management, and Prototype Testing for Advanced Solid-State Hydrogen Storage Systems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .693
V.E.4 Non-Platinum Bimetallic Cathode Electrocatalysts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1087
V.J.3 Solid Acid Fuel Cell Stack for APU Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1177
California State University, Los AngelesX.3 Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Education at California State University, Los Angeles. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1460
Carnegie Institute of WashingtonIV.I.4 Novel Molecular Materials for Hydrogen Storage Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .820
Carolina Tractor & Equipment Co. Inc.X.8 Dedicated to The Continued Education, Training and Demonstration of PEM Fuel Cell
Powered Lift Trucks In Real-World Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1479
Case Western Reserve UniversityV.B.1 Water Transport Exploratory Studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .957
V.D.8 Poly(p-Phenylene Sulfonic Acids): PEMs with Frozen-In Free Volume . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1021
V.D.13 Membranes and MEAs for Dry, Hot Operating Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1042
V.G.2 Next Generation Bipolar Plates for Automotive PEM Fuel Cells. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1108
V.K.1 Light-Weight, Low-Cost PEM Fuel Cell Stacks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1198
Catacel CorporationII.J.2 Developing Improved Materials to Support the Hydrogen Economy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .266
Center for Transportation and the EnvironmentVIII.12 Texas Hydrogen Highway - Fuel Cell Hybrid Bus and Fueling Infrastructure Technology Showcase 1394
CeralinkV.F.1 Platinum Group Metal Recycling Technology Development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1100
Ceramatec, Inc.II.G.4 Laboratory-Scale High Temperature Electrolysis System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .170
1577FY 2009 Annual Progress Report DOE Hydrogen Program
XVI. Project Listings by Organization
CFD Research CorporationV.B.2 Water Transport in PEM Fuel Cells: Advanced Modeling, Material Selection, Testing,
and Design Optimization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .963
Chemical Composite Coatings Int’l, LLCIII.18 Materials Solutions for Hydrogen Delivery in Pipelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .361
Chevron Technology Ventures (CTV) LLCVIII.2 Controlled Hydrogen Fleet and Infrastructure Demonstration and Validation Project . . . . . . . . . . . 1359
Chrysler Group LLCVIII.4 Hydrogen to the Highways . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1365
Cincinnati Test SystemsVI.4 Modular, High-Volume Fuel Cell Leak-Test Suite and Process. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1239
City of Santa Fe SpringsIX.7 Hydrogen Safety Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1436
Clean Energy States AllianceX.15 Hydrogen Education State Partnership Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1502
Clemson UniversityV.C.2 Fundamental Effects of Impurities on Fuel Cell Performance and Durability. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .978
V.D.7 Fluoroalkylphosphonic-Acid-Based Proton Conductors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1016
V.K.3 Center for Fundamental and Applied Research in Nanostructured and Lightweight Materials . . . . 1206
Colorado School of MinesII.A.6 Distributed Bio-Oil Reforming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45
II.C.2 High Performance Palladium-Based Membrane for Hydrogen Separation and Purification. . . . . . . . . .78
II.D.3 High Permeability Ternary Palladium Alloy Membranes with Improved Sulfur and Halide Tolerance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .110
IV.I.20 Molecular Hydrogen Storage in Novel Binary Clathrate Hydrates at Near-Ambient Temperatures and Pressures. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .883
V.D.11 Novel Approaches to Immobilized Heteropoly Acid (HPA) Systems for High Temperature, Low Relative Humidity Polymer-Type Membranes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1034
V.D.13 Membranes and MEAs for Dry, Hot Operating Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1042
V.I.6 Renewable and Logistics Fuels for Fuel Cells at the Colorado School of Mines. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1144
Columbia Gas of KentuckyIII.18 Materials Solutions for Hydrogen Delivery in Pipelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .361
Compressed Gas Association, Inc.IX.8 Codes & Standards for the Hydrogen Economy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1440
Concepts NRECIII.5 Development of a Centrifugal Hydrogen Pipeline Gas Compressor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 306
Concurrent Technologies CorporationIII.3 Hydrogen Regional Infrastructure Program in Pennsylvania . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 296
XVI. Project Listings by Organization
1578DOE Hydrogen Program FY 2009 Annual Progress Report
Connecticut Center for Advanced Technology, Inc.X.12 State and Local Partnership Building . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1494
Construction Engineering Research LaboratoryV.I.3 Intergovernmental Stationary Fuel Cell System Demonstration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1132
CSA AmericaIX.8 Codes & Standards for the Hydrogen Economy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1440
Cummins Power GenerationV.J.1 Diesel-Fueled SOFC System for Class 7/Class 8 On-Highway Truck Auxiliary Power . . . . . . . . . . . 1169
Daimler AGVIII.4 Hydrogen to the Highways . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1365
Dalhousie UniversityV.E.1 Advanced Cathode Catalysts and Supports for PEM Fuel Cells. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1065
Delaware State UniversityIV.A.5 Center for Hydrogen Storage Research at Delaware State University . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 504
Delphi CorporationV.J.2 Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Development for Auxiliary Power in Heavy Duty Vehicle Applications . . . . .1173
DGS Metallurgical Solutions, Inc.III.18 Materials Solutions for Hydrogen Delivery in Pipelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .361
Directed Technologies, Inc.II.A.8 Analysis of Ethanol Reforming System Configurations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .53
II.H.2 Technoeconomic Boundary Analysis of Photoelectrochemical (PEC) Hydrogen Producing Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .181
II.I.1 Technoeconomic Boundary Analysis of Photobiological Hydrogen Producing Systems . . . . . . . . . . . .235
V.A.2 Mass Production Cost Estimation for Direct H2 PEM Fuel Cell System for Automotive Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .925
VII.9 Adapting the H2A Hydrogen Production Cost Analysis Model to Stationary Applications . . . . . . . 1300
Dismukes, ChuckII.I.1 Technoeconomic Boundary Analysis of Photobiological Hydrogen Producing Systems . . . . . . . . . . . .235
Drexel UniversityIV.C.2 Carbide-Derived Carbons with Tunable Porosity Optimized for Hydrogen Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .652
DTE EnergyVIII.4 Hydrogen to the Highways . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1365
Duke UniversityIV.C.1h Optimizing the Binding Energy of Hydrogen on Nanostructured Carbon Materials through
Structure Control and Chemical Doping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .610
Ecommerce Systems, Inc.X.2 Hydrogen Education for Code Officials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1457
1579FY 2009 Annual Progress Report DOE Hydrogen Program
XVI. Project Listings by Organization
Edison Materials Technology CenterII.J.2 Developing Improved Materials to Support the Hydrogen Economy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .266
X.13 Raising H2 and Fuel Cell Awareness in Ohio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1497
Electricore, Inc.V.J.2 Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Development for Auxiliary Power in Heavy Duty Vehicle Applications . . . . .1173
Electrolytica, Inc.IV.B.1f Low-Cost Precursors to Novel Hydrogen Storage Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .539
Electrosynthesis Co., Inc.II.F.2 Solar High-Temperature Water-Splitting Cycle with Quantum Boost . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
Eltron Research Inc.II.D.2 Scale-up of Hydrogen Transport Membranes for IGCC and FutureGen Plants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .106
Endura Plastics Inc.V.K.1 Light-Weight, Low-Cost PEM Fuel Cell Stacks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1198
EnerFuel, Inc.VIII.13 Florida Hydrogen Initiative . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1397
Energetics, Inc.IX.7 Hydrogen Safety Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1436
Energy and Environmental Analysis, ICF International, Inc.VII.11 Development of HyTrans Model and Integrated Scenario Analysis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1307
Engineering Procurement & ConstructionII.E.4 Renewable Electrolysis Integrated System Development and Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .136
Ergenics CorporationII.C.7 Integrated Hydrogen Production, Purification and Compression System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .99
ESI US R&DV.B.2 Water Transport in PEM Fuel Cells: Advanced Modeling, Material Selection, Testing,
and Design Optimization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .963
Evraz North AmericaIII.18 Materials Solutions for Hydrogen Delivery in Pipelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .361
Faraday Technology, Inc.II.J.2 Developing Improved Materials to Support the Hydrogen Economy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .266
FirexploIX.7 Hydrogen Safety Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1436
Florida Hydrogen InitiativeVIII.13 Florida Hydrogen Initiative . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1397
Florida International UniversityIV.I.15 Influence of Pressure on Physical Property of Ammonia Borane and its Re-Hydrogenation . . . . . . . .861
XVI. Project Listings by Organization
1580DOE Hydrogen Program FY 2009 Annual Progress Report
Ford Motor CompanyIV.A.4 Discovery of Novel Complex Metal Hydrides for Hydrogen Storage through Molecular
Modeling and Combinatorial Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .502
IV.D.1i Ford/BASF Activities in Support of the Hydrogen Storage Engineering Center of Excellence. . . . . . .701
VII.8 Analysis of the Hydrogen Production and Delivery Infrastructure as a Complex Adaptive System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1296
VIII.3 Hydrogen Fuel Cell Vehicle & Infrastructure Demonstration Program Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1362
FP2IX.8 Codes & Standards for the Hydrogen Economy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1440
Freudenberg-NOK General PartnershipV.G.3 Low-Cost Durable Seals for PEMFCs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1113
FuelCell Energy, Inc.III.7 Development of Highly Efficient Solid-State Electrochemical Hydrogen Compressor . . . . . . . . . . . . .317
V.C.3 Effects of Impurities on Fuel Cell Performance and Durability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .983
V.D.10 High Temperature Membrane with Humidification-Independent Cluster Structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1031
VIII.6 Validation of an Integrated Hydrogen Energy Station . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1374
Gas Equipment Engineering CorporationIII.11 Innovative Hydrogen Liquefaction Cycle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .331
Gas Technology InstituteIV.F.5 Electron-Charged Graphite-Based Hydrogen Storage Material . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .768
VIII.2 Controlled Hydrogen Fleet and Infrastructure Demonstration and Validation Project . . . . . . . . . . . 1359
VIII.12 Texas Hydrogen Highway - Fuel Cell Hybrid Bus and Fueling Infrastructure Technology Showcase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1394
GenCell CorporationV.G.1 Nitrided Metallic Bipolar Plates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1104
General AtomicsII.F.1 Solar Cadmium Hydrogen Production Cycle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .140
General MotorsIV.D.1h System Design and Media Structuring for On-board Hydrogen Storage Technologies . . . . . . . . . . . . 699
V.B.3 Visualization of Fuel Cell Water Transport and Performance Characterization under Freezing Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 968
VIII.5 Hydrogen Vehicle and Infrastructure Demonstration and Validation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1370
IX.7 Hydrogen Safety Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1436
Georgia Institute of TechnologyII.D.3 High Permeability Ternary Palladium Alloy Membranes with Improved Sulfur and
Halide Tolerance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .110
IV.A.1h First-Principles Modeling of Hydrogen Storage in Metal Hydride Systems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .439
IV.I.14 First-Principles Studies of Phase Stability and Reaction Dynamics in Complex Metal Hydride . . . . . .859
Giner Electrochemical Systems, LLCII.E.3 PEM Electrolyzer Incorporating an Advanced Low-Cost Membrane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .132
II.G.3 Hybrid Sulfur Thermochemical Cycle. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .165
1581FY 2009 Annual Progress Report DOE Hydrogen Program
XVI. Project Listings by Organization
Giner Electrochemical Systems, LLC (Continued)V.D.2 Dimensionally Stable High Performance Membrane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .993
Golden BioEnergy CorporationII.I.3 Biological Systems for Hydrogen Photoproduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .243
GrafTech International Ltd.V.G.2 Next Generation Bipolar Plates for Automotive PEM Fuel Cells. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1108
Greenway EnergyX.10 Development of Hydrogen Education Programs for Government Officials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1486
Gross, Karl IV.C.1e NREL Research as Part of the Hydrogen Sorption Center of Excellence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .591
GWS Solutions of Tolland, LLCIX.7 Hydrogen Safety Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1436
IX.8 Codes & Standards for the Hydrogen Economy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1440
H2 Technology Consulting LLCIV.E.6 Best Practices for Characterizing Hydrogen Storage Properties of Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .735
H2Gen Innovations, Inc.II.A.1 Low-Cost Hydrogen Distributed Production System Development. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23
Hatch Mott MacDonaldIII.18 Materials Solutions for Hydrogen Delivery in Pipelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .361
Hawaii Hydrogen CarriersIV.A.4 Discovery of Novel Complex Metal Hydrides for Hydrogen Storage through Molecular
Modeling and Combinatorial Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .502
Hecht, KelvinIX.8 Codes & Standards for the Hydrogen Economy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1440
Henkel CorporationV.G.3 Low-Cost Durable Seals for PEMFCs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1113
Honeywell Engineering & TechnologyV.H.2 Development of Thermal and Water Management Systems for PEM Fuel Cells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1121
Houston Advanced Research CenterVIII.12 Texas Hydrogen Highway - Fuel Cell Hybrid Bus and Fueling Infrastructure
Technology Showcase. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1394
X.9 Hydrogen Education in Texas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1483
HRL Laboratories, LLCIV.A.1i Thermodynamically Tuned Nanophase Materials for Reversible Hydrogen Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 444
HSM Systems, Inc.IV.D.1d Advancement of Systems Designs and Key Engineering Technologies for Materials Based
Hydrogen Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 686
XVI. Project Listings by Organization
1582DOE Hydrogen Program FY 2009 Annual Progress Report
Humboldt State UniversityX.4 Hydrogen Energy in Engineering Education (H2E
3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1464
X.16 Hydrogen Technology and Energy Curriculum (HyTEC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1506
Huntsman Advanced MaterialsV.G.2 Next Generation Bipolar Plates for Automotive PEM Fuel Cells. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1108
Hydrogen Safety, LLCIX.7 Hydrogen Safety Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1436
HydrogenicsX.8 Dedicated to The Continued Education, Training and Demonstration of PEM Fuel Cell
Powered Lift Trucks In Real-World Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1479
HyGen IndustriesIII.5 Development of a Centrifugal Hydrogen Pipeline Gas Compressor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 306
HyPerComp Engineering, Inc.II.E.2 High-Capacity, High Pressure Electrolysis System with Renewable Power Sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .128
Hyundai Motor CompanyVIII.2 Controlled Hydrogen Fleet and Infrastructure Demonstration and Validation Project . . . . . . . . . . . 1359
Hyundai-KIA America Technical Center Inc.VIII.2 Controlled Hydrogen Fleet and Infrastructure Demonstration and Validation Project . . . . . . . . . . . 1359
Idaho National LaboratoryII.G.4 Laboratory-Scale High Temperature Electrolysis System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .170
IdaTech, LLCII.D.3 High Permeability Ternary Palladium Alloy Membranes with Improved Sulfur and
Halide Tolerance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .110
V.J.4 Research & Development for Off-Road Fuel Cell Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1183
Innochem, Inc.IV.B.1f Low-Cost Precursors to Novel Hydrogen Storage Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .539
Inorganic Specialists, Inc.II.J.2 Developing Improved Materials to Support the Hydrogen Economy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .266
Intellegent Optical Systems, Inc.IX.9 Hydrogen Optical Fiber Sensors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1443
Intelligent EnergyV.I.1 Development and Demonstration of a New-Generation High Efficiency 1-10 kW Stationary
Fuel Cell System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1124
International Code Council, Inc.IX.8 Codes & Standards for the Hydrogen Economy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1440
J. Craig Venter InstituteII.I.5 Hydrogen From Water in a Novel Recombinant O2-Tolerant Cyanobacterial System . . . . . . . . . . . . . .251
1583FY 2009 Annual Progress Report DOE Hydrogen Program
XVI. Project Listings by Organization
Jet Propulsion LaboratoryIV.A.1n Development and Evaluation of Advanced Hydride Systems for Reversible Hydrogen Storage. . . . . .472
IV.A.1q Synthesis of Nanophase Materials for Thermodynamically Tuned Reversible Hydrogen Storage. . . . .487
IV.D.1f Key Technologies, Thermal Management, and Prototype Testing for Advanced Solid-State Hydrogen Storage Systems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .693
V.E.1 Advanced Cathode Catalysts and Supports for PEM Fuel Cells. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1065
John DeereV.C.2 Fundamental Effects of Impurities on Fuel Cell Performance and Durability. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .978
Johnson Matthey Fuel CellsV.D.12 Improved, Low-Cost, Durable Fuel Cell Membranes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1039
V.E.2 Highly Dispersed Alloy Catalyst for Durability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1075
Kettering UniversityV.D.15 Development of Novel PEM Membrane and Multiphase CFD Modeling of PEM Fuel Cell . . . . . . .1055
KeyspanV.I.3 Intergovernmental Stationary Fuel Cell System Demonstration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1132
Kia Motors CorporationVIII.2 Controlled Hydrogen Fleet and Infrastructure Demonstration and Validation Project . . . . . . . . . . . 1359
Kidde-FenwalIV.E.4 Quantifying and Addressing the DOE Material Reactivity Requirements with Analysis and
Testing of Hydrogen Storage Materials and Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .724
Knaebel, Dr. Kent S.II.D.1 Composite Pd and Alloy Porous Stainless Steel Membranes for Hydrogen Production
and Process Intensification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .102
Knowledge NetworksVII.5 Discrete Choice Analysis of Consumer Preferences for Refueling Availability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1283
Lawrence Berkeley National LaboratoryIV.I.18 A Synergistic Approach to the Development of New Classes of Hydrogen Storage Materials . . . . . . .875
V.D.14 New Polyelectrolyte Materials for High Temperature Fuel Cells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1048
Lawrence Livermore National LaboratoryIII.12 Inexpensive Delivery of Cold Hydrogen in High Performance Glass Fiber Composite
Pressure Vessels. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .336
IV.A.3 Tunable Thermodynamics and Kinetics for Hydrogen Storage: Nanoparticle Synthesis Using Ordered Polymer Templates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 498
IV.C.1j Carbon Aerogels for Hydrogen Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .618
IV.G.1 Compact (L)H2 Storage with Extended Dormancy in Cryogenic Pressure Vessels. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .771
VI.8 Inexpensive Pressure Vessel Production through Fast Dry Winding Manufacture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1257
VII.2 Water Needs and Constraints for Hydrogen Pathways . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1271
Lilliputian SystemsV.J.6 Silicon-Based Solid Oxide Fuel Cell for Portable Consumer Electronics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1190
XVI. Project Listings by Organization
1584DOE Hydrogen Program FY 2009 Annual Progress Report
Lincoln CompositesIII.15 Development of High Pressure Hydrogen Storage Tank for Storage and Gaseous
Truck Delivery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .350
IV.D.1k Development of Improved Composite Pressure Vessels for Hydrogen Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .706
Linde North America, Inc.II.C.7 Integrated Hydrogen Production, Purification and Compression System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .99
Lockheed Martin-IDTV.K.5 Fuel Cell Balance of Plant Reliability Testbed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1214
Los Alamos National LaboratoryII.B.3 Catalytic Solubilization and Conversion of Lignocellulosic Feedstocks to Hydrogen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .68
IV.B.1a 2009 Overview - DOE Chemical Hydrogen Storage Center of Excellence (CHSCoE) . . . . . . . . . . . . .513
IV.B.1c Chemical Hydrogen Storage R&D at Los Alamos National Laboratory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .522
IV.D.1e Chemical Hydride Rate Modeling, Validation, and System Demonstration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 690
IV.F.2 Capacitive Hydrogen Storage Systems: Molecular Design of Structured Dielectrics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .752
V.A.5 Component Benchmarking Subtask Reported: USFCC Durability Protocol Development and Technically-Assisted Industrial and University Partners . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 940
V.A.6 Applied Science for Electrode Cost, Performance, and Durability. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .942
V.B.1 Water Transport Exploratory Studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .957
V.C.1 Effects of Fuel and Air Impurities on PEM Fuel Cell Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .974
V.E.4 Non-Platinum Bimetallic Cathode Electrocatalysts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1087
V.E.5 Advanced Cathode Catalysts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1092
IX.5 Hydrogen Fuel Quality. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1427
X.11 VA-MD-DC Hydrogen Education for Decision Makers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1489
Makel EngineeringII.J.2 Developing Improved Materials to Support the Hydrogen Economy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .266
Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyIII.11 Innovative Hydrogen Liquefaction Cycle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .331
IV.I.10 Thermodynamics and Kinetics of Phase Transformations in Hydrogen Storage Materials . . . . . . . . . .841
Materials and Systems Research, Inc.II.G.4 Laboratory-Scale High Temperature Electrolysis System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .170
V.I.8 Development of a Novel Efficient Solid-Oxide Hybrid for Co-generation of Hydrogen and Electricity Using Nearby Resources for Local Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1155
Media and Process Technology Inc.II.C.3 Water-Gas Shift Reaction via a Single Stage Low-Temperature Membrane Reactor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .83
Membrane Reactor Technologies Ltd.II.C.7 Integrated Hydrogen Production, Purification and Compression System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .99
Mercedes-Benz USA LLCVIII.4 Hydrogen to the Highways . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1365
Metal Hydride Technologies, Inc.II.D.4 Experimental Demonstration of Advanced Palladium Membrane Separators for Central
High-Purity Hydrogen Production . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .114
1585FY 2009 Annual Progress Report DOE Hydrogen Program
XVI. Project Listings by Organization
Methanol FoundationV.J.5 Direct Methanol Fuel Cell Prototype Demonstration for Consumer Electronics Applications . . . . . 1186
Michigan Technological UniversityIV.F.4 Novel Metal Perhydrides for Hydrogen Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .764
V.B.3 Visualization of Fuel Cell Water Transport and Performance Characterization under Freezing Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 968
V.K.3 Center for Fundamental and Applied Research in Nanostructured and Lightweight Materials . . . . 1206
X.5 Hydrogen Education Curriculum Path at Michigan Technological University . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1468
Microcell CorporationV.K.4 Martin County Hydrogen Fuel Cell Development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1212
Midwest OptoelectronicsII.H.11 Critical Research for Cost-Effective Photoelectrochemical Production of Hydrogen. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .224
Missouri University of Science and TechnologyV.I.8 Development of a Novel Efficient Solid-Oxide Hybrid for Co-Generation of Hydrogen
and Electricity Using Nearby Resources for Local Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1155
VII.10 Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Analysis: Lessons Learned from Stationary Power Generation . . . . . . . . . 1303
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd.III.4 Oil-Free Centrifugal Hydrogen Compression Technology Demonstration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .301
Mohawk Innovative TechnologiesIII.4 Oil-Free Centrifugal Hydrogen Compression Technology Demonstration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .301
III.6 Advanced Sealing Technology for Hydrogen Compression . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .312
Montana State UniversityII.I.6 Use of Biological Materials and Biologically Inspired Materials for H2 Catalysts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .256
MTI Micro Fuel CellsV.J.5 Direct Methanol Fuel Cell Prototype Demonstration for Consumer Electronics Applications . . . . . 1186
MVSystems, IncorporatedII.H.8 Photoelectrochemical Hydrogen Production: MVSystems Incorporated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .212
Nanodynamics EnergyV.I.9 Biogas Fueled Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Stack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1159
Nanosys, Inc.V.J.7 Engineered Nanostructured MEA Technology for Low Temperature Fuel Cells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1194
National Fire Protection AssociationIX.8 Codes & Standards for the Hydrogen Economy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1440
National Fire Protection FoundationIX.1 Hydrogen Codes and Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1413
National Fuel Cell Research CenterVIII.7 California Hydrogen Infrastructure Project . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1378
XVI. Project Listings by Organization
1586DOE Hydrogen Program FY 2009 Annual Progress Report
National Hydrogen AssociationIX.8 Codes & Standards for the Hydrogen Economy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1440
National Institute of Standards and TechnologyIV.A.1k Neutron Characterization and Calphad in Support of the Metal Hydride Center of Excellence . . . . .455
IV.C.1o NIST Center for Neutron Research in Support of the Hydrogen Sorption Center of Excellence . . . . .641
V.A.8 Neutron Imaging Study of the Water Transport in Operating Fuel Cells. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .952
V.B.1 Water Transport Exploratory Studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .957
National Renewable Energy LaboratoryII.A.6 Distributed Bio-Oil Reforming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45
II.B.1 Indirectly Heated Gasification of Biomass to Produce Hydrogen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .58
II.E.4 Renewable Electrolysis Integrated System Development and Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .136
II.H.6 Semiconductor Materials for Photoelectrolysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .202
II.H.7 Theory of Oxides for Photo-Electrochemical Hydrogen Production . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208
II.H.11 Critical Research for Cost-Effective Photoelectrochemical Production of Hydrogen. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .224
II.H.13 University of Nevada, Reno Photo-Electrochemical Project. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .232
II.I.3 Biological Systems for Hydrogen Photoproduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .243
II.I.4 Fermentative and Electrohydrogenic Approaches to Hydrogen Production . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .247
II.J.1 Purdue Hydrogen Systems Laboratory: Hydrogen Production . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .263
III.2 H2A Delivery Components Module . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .292
IV.C.1a Overview of the DOE Hydrogen Sorption Center of Excellence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .568
IV.C.1e NREL Research as Part of the Hydrogen Sorption Center of Excellence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .591
IV.D.1g System Design, Analysis, Modeling, and Media Engineering Properties for Hydrogen Energy Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 696
IV.H.1 Purdue Hydrogen Systems Laboratory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .782
VI.1 Fuel Cell Membrane Electrode Assembly Manufacturing R&D . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1225
VII.1 HyDRA: Hydrogen Demand and Resource Analysis Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1267
VII.4 Macro-System Model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1279
VII.5 Discrete Choice Analysis of Consumer Preferences for Refueling Availability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1283
VII.7 Hydrogen Deployment System Modeling Environment (HyDS-ME) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1291
VII.9 Adapting the H2A Hydrogen Production Cost Analysis Model to Stationary Applications . . . . . . . 1300
VII.16 DOE Hydrogen Program Risk Analysis in Support of EERE’s Portfolio Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1328
VII.18 Stranded Biogas Decision Tool for Fuel Cell Co-Production . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1342
VIII.1 Controlled Hydrogen Fleet & Infrastructure Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1351
VIII.8 Technology Validation: Fuel Cell Bus Evaluations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1382
IX.1 Hydrogen Codes and Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1413
IX.2 Hydrogen Safety Sensors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1416
X.2 Hydrogen Education for Code Officials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1457
NEEDX.18 H2 Educate — Hydrogen Education for Middle Schools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1514
NextEnergyVIII.4 Hydrogen to the Highways . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1365
1587FY 2009 Annual Progress Report DOE Hydrogen Program
XVI. Project Listings by Organization
Northwestern UniversityIV.A.2 Design of Novel Multi-Component Metal Hydride-Based Mixtures for Hydrogen Storage. . . . . . . . . 496
IV.C.6 New Carbon-Based Porous Materials with Increased Heats of Adsorption for Hydrogen Storage . . . . . 668
IV.I.8 Kinetics and Thermodynamics of Metal and Complex Hydride Nanoparticles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .832
Nuvera Fuel Cells, Inc.V.H.1 CIRRUS: Cell Ice Regulation and Removal Upon Start-Up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1117
Oak Ridge Institute for Science and EducationIV.C.1k ORNL Progress within the DOE Center of Excellence for Hydrogen Sorption: Synthesis and
Processing of Single-Walled Carbon Nanohorns for Hydrogen Storage and Catalyst Supports . . . . . . . .621
Oak Ridge National LaboratoryII.C.2 High Performance Palladium-Based Membrane for Hydrogen Separation and Purification. . . . . . . . . .78
II.C.4 Novel Low-Temperature Proton Transport Membranes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .87
III.16 Composite Technology for Hydrogen Pipelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .354
III.20 Hydrogen Permeability and Integrity of Steel Welds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .375
IV.A.1m Preparation and Reactions of Complex Hydrides for Hydrogen Storage: Metal Borohydrides and Aluminum Hydrides . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .467
IV.C.1k ORNL Progress within the DOE Center of Excellence for Hydrogen Sorption: Synthesis and Processing of Single-Walled Carbon Nanohorns for Hydrogen Storage and Catalyst Supports. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .621
IV.G.2 Lifecycle Verification of Polymeric Storage Liners . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 775
IV.I.16 Atomistic Mechanisms of Metal-Assisted Hydrogen Storage in Nanostructured Carbons . . . . . . . . . .867
IV.I.17 Application of Neutron Scattering on Hydrogen Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .872
IV.I.23 Quantum Tuning of Chemical Reactivity for Storage and Generation of Hydrogen Fuels . . . . . . . . . 894
V.A.7 Microstructural Characterization of PEM Fuel Cell MEAs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .946
V.B.1 Water Transport Exploratory Studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .957
V.D.12 Improved, Low-Cost, Durable Fuel Cell Membranes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1039
V.E.3 Development of Alternative and Durable High Performance Cathode Supports for PEM Fuel Cells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1081
V.E.4 Non-Platinum Bimetallic Cathode Electrocatalysts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1087
V.E.5 Advanced Cathode Catalysts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1092
V.G.1 Nitrided Metallic Bipolar Plates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1104
V.K.2 Fuel Cell Research at the University of South Carolina . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1201
VII.11 Development of HyTrans Model and Integrated Scenario Analysis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1307
X.17 Hydrogen Knowledge and Opinions Assessment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1510
Ohi, James M.IX.8 Codes & Standards for the Hydrogen Economy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1440
Ohio Fuel Cell CoalitionX.13 Raising H2 and Fuel Cell Awareness in Ohio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1497
Ohio State UniversityII.A.4 Investigation of Reaction Networks and Active Sites in Bio-Ethanol Steam Reforming over
Co-Based Catalysts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35
II.C.1 Zeolite Membrane Reactor for Water-Gas-Shift Reaction for Hydrogen Production. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .72
IV.A.1r Lightweight Metal Hydrides for Hydrogen Storage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .491
XVI. Project Listings by Organization
1588DOE Hydrogen Program FY 2009 Annual Progress Report
OLI SystemsIV.B.1k Electrochemical Hydrogen Storage Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .560
Opinion Research CorporationX.17 Hydrogen Knowledge and Opinions Assessment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1510
Oregon State UniversityIV.D.1j Microscale Enhancement of Heat and Mass Transfer for Hydrogen Energy Storage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .703
Orlando Science CenterVIII.13 Florida Hydrogen Initiative . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1397
Ovonic Hydrogen Systems LLCIV.E.7 Standardized Testing Program for Solid-State Hydrogen Storage Technologies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .739
PA Government ServicesVII.5 Discrete Choice Analysis of Consumer Preferences for Refueling Availability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1283
PACCAR, Inc.V.J.2 Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Development for Auxiliary Power in Heavy Duty Vehicle Applications . . . . . 1173
Pacific Northwest National LaboratoryII.A.2 Distributed Hydrogen Production from Biomass Reforming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26
III.13 Reversible Liquid Carriers for an Integrated Production, Storage and Delivery of Hydrogen . . . . . . . 340
III.14 Design of Advanced Manufacturing Technologies for Low Cost Hydrogen Storage Vessels . . . . . . . . .346
IV.A.6 Effects and Mechanisms of Mechanical Activation on Hydrogen Sorption/Desorption of Nanoscale Lithium Nitrides and Lithium Borohydrides . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 508
IV.B.1d Chemical Hydrogen Storage Research at PNNL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .528
IV.D.1c Systems Engineering of Chemical Hydride, Pressure Vessel, and Balance of Plant for On-Board Hydrogen Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .682
IV.I.11 Control of Hydrogen Release and Uptake in Condensed Phases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .846
V.E.3 Development of Alternative and Durable High Performance Cathode Supports for PEM Fuel Cells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1081
VI.2 Digital Fabrication of Catalyst Coated Membranes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1229
VI.4 Modular, High-Volume Fuel Cell Leak-Test Suite and Process. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1239
VII.15 Pathways to Commercial Success: Technologies and Products Supported by the Hydrogen, Fuel Cells & Infrastructure Technologies Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1325
IX.4 Hydrogen Safety Knowledge Tools . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1424
IX.7 Hydrogen Safety Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1436
X.1 Hydrogen Safety: First Responder Education . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1453
Pall CorporationII.C.2 High Performance Palladium-Based Membrane for Hydrogen Separation and Purification. . . . . . . . . .78
Parker Hannifin CorporationII.E.3 PEM Electrolyzer Incorporating an Advanced Low-Cost Membrane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .132
Pennsylvania State UniversityII.I.4 Fermentative and Electrohydrogenic Approaches to Hydrogen Production . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .247
IV.B.1k Electrochemical Hydrogen Storage Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .560
1589FY 2009 Annual Progress Report DOE Hydrogen Program
XVI. Project Listings by Organization
Pennsylvania State University (Continued)IV.C.1n Advanced Boron and Metal Loaded High Porosity Carbons . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .635
IV.C.7 Hydrogen Trapping through Designer Hydrogen Spillover Molecules with Reversible Temperature and Pressure-Induced Switching . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .671
V.D.3 New Proton Conductive Composite Materials with Co-Continuous Phases Using Functionalized and Crosslinkable VDF/CTFE Fluoropolymers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .997
VI.3 Reduction in Fabrication Costs of Gas Diffusion Layers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1233
Plug Power Inc.V.I.3 Intergovernmental Stationary Fuel Cell System Demonstration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1132
V.I.4 FC40 International Stationary Fuel Cell Demonstration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1136
PolyphotonicsII.E.4 Renewable Electrolysis Integrated System Development and Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .136
PoroGen, LLCIV.C.3 Nanostructured Activated Carbon for Hydrogen Storage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .657
Potomac-Hudson EngineeringVII.14 Potential Environmental Impacts of Hydrogen-Based Transportation and Power Systems. . . . . . . . .1321
Powdermet, Inc.II.J.2 Developing Improved Materials to Support the Hydrogen Economy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .266
IX.7 Hydrogen Safety Panel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1436
Power+Energy, Inc.II.D.4 Experimental Demonstration of Advanced Palladium Membrane Separators for Central
High-Purity Hydrogen Production . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
PraxairIII.5 Development of a Centrifugal Hydrogen Pipeline Gas Compressor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 306
III.9 Advanced Hydrogen Liquefaction Process. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .324
Precision Engineering TechnologyII.J.2 Developing Improved Materials to Support the Hydrogen Economy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .266
Prometheus EnergyIII.10 Active Magnetic Regenerative Liquefier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .327
Protium Energy TechnologiesVII.8 Analysis of the Hydrogen Production and Delivery Infrastructure as a Complex
Adaptive System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1296
Protonex Technology, LLCV.I.6 Renewable and Logistics Fuels for Fuel Cells at the Colorado School of Mines. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1144
V.J.1 Diesel-Fueled SOFC System for Class 7/Class 8 On-Highway Truck Auxiliary Power . . . . . . . . . . . 1169
Purdue UniversityII.J.1 Purdue Hydrogen Systems Laboratory: Hydrogen Production . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .263
IV.H.1 Purdue Hydrogen Systems Laboratory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .782
XVI. Project Listings by Organization
1590DOE Hydrogen Program FY 2009 Annual Progress Report
Quantum Fuel Systems Technologies Worldwide, Inc.IV.G.3 Low-Cost High-Efficiency High-Pressure Hydrogen Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 778
VI.7 Development of Advanced Manufacturing Technologies for Low Cost Hydrogen Storage Vessels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1254
R&D DynamicsIII.11 Innovative Hydrogen Liquefaction Cycle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .331
RCF Economic and Financial Consulting, Inc.VII.8 Analysis of the Hydrogen Production and Delivery Infrastructure as a Complex
Adaptive System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1296
Reaction Systems, LLCV.I.6 Renewable and Logistics Fuels for Fuel Cells at the Colorado School of Mines. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1144
Reference Metals CompanyIII.18 Materials Solutions for Hydrogen Delivery in Pipelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .361
Regulatory LogicIX.8 Codes & Standards for the Hydrogen Economy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1440
Rensselaer Polytechnic InstituteVI.6 Adaptive Process Controls and Ultrasonics for High Temperature PEM MEA Manufacture . . . . . . 1249
Research Foundation of the State University of New YorkV.D.2 Dimensionally Stable High Performance Membrane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .993
Resource Dynamics CorporationIII.3 Hydrogen Regional Infrastructure Program in Pennsylvania . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 296
Rice UniversityIV.C.1d Optimization of Nano-Carbon Materials for Hydrogen Sorption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 586
IV.C.1i Nanoengineering the Forces of Attraction in a Metal-Carbon Array for H2 Uptake at Room Temperature . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .614
Richard Mistler, Inc.V.J.3 Solid Acid Fuel Cell Stack for APU Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1177
Rochester Institute of TechnologyV.B.3 Visualization of Fuel Cell Water Transport and Performance Characterization under
Freezing Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 968
Rohm and Haas CompanyIV.B.1f Low-Cost Precursors to Novel Hydrogen Storage Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .539
Rolls Royce Fuel Cell Systems Inc.V.I.11 Extended Durability Testing of an External Fuel Processor for SOFC. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1167
Russian Academy of SciencesII.I.3 Biological Systems for Hydrogen Photoproduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .243
1591FY 2009 Annual Progress Report DOE Hydrogen Program
XVI. Project Listings by Organization
Rutgers UniversityIV.C.7 Hydrogen Trapping through Designer Hydrogen Spillover Molecules with Reversible
Temperature and Pressure-Induced Switching . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .671
SAE InternationalIX.1 Hydrogen Codes and Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1413
IX.8 Codes & Standards for the Hydrogen Economy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1440
Sandia National LaboratoriesII.C.5 Ultra-Thin Proton Conduction Membranes for H2 Stream Purification with Protective
Getter Coatings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .92
II.G.2 Sulfur-Iodine Thermochemical Cycle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .161
III.21 Hydrogen Embrittlement of Structural Steels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .379
III.22 Geological Storage of Hydrogen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .382
IV.A.1a Metal Hydride Center of Excellence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 399
IV.A.1c Development of Metal Hydrides at Sandia National Laboratories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 408
IV.A.1j Catalyzed Nano-Framework Stablized High-Density Reversible Hydrogen Storage Systems . . . . . . . .450
IV.A.3 Tunable Thermodynamics and Kinetics for Hydrogen Storage: Nanoparticle Synthesis Using Ordered Polymer Templates. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 498
IV.E.5 Chemical and Environmental Reactivity Properties of Hydrogen Storage Materials within the Context of Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .729
V.B.1 Water Transport Exploratory Studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .957
VII.6 Analysis of Energy Infrastructures and Potential Impacts from an Emergent Hydrogen Fueling Infrastructure. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1287
VII.17 Thermodynamic, Economic, and Environmental Modeling of Hydrogen (H2) Co-Production Integrated with Stationary Fuel Cell Systems (FCS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1332
IX.3 Materials Compatibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1420
IX.6 Hydrogen Release Behavior. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1431
Savannah River National LaboratoryII.C.6 Membrane Separation--Bulk Amorphous Hydrogen Purification/Separation Membranes . . . . . . . . . . .95
II.G.3 Hybrid Sulfur Thermochemical Cycle. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .165
III.17 FY 2009 SRNL Hydrogen Delivery Project--Hydrogen Permeability and Pipeline Integrity/Fiber Reinforced Composite Pipeline . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .358
IV.A.1f Electrochemical Reversible Formation of Alane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .427
IV.A.1p Li-Mg-N Hydrogen Storage Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .483
IV.D.1a Hydrogen Storage Engineering Center of Excellence (HSCoE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .675
IV.D.1b SRNL Technical Work Scope for the Hydrogen Storage Engineering Center of Excellence: Design and Testing of Metal Hydride and Adsorbent Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .679
IV.E.3 Fundamental Environmental Reactivity Analysis of Hydrogen Storage Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .720
IV.I.7 Elucidation of Hydrogen Interaction Mechanisms with Metal-Doped Carbon Nanostructures . . . . . .830
V.C.2 Fundamental Effects of Impurities on Fuel Cell Performance and Durability. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .978
Schott North AmericaIII.18 Materials Solutions for Hydrogen Delivery in Pipelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .361
Science Applications International, CorporationII.F.2 Solar High-Temperature Water-Splitting Cycle with Quantum Boost . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
XVI. Project Listings by Organization
1592DOE Hydrogen Program FY 2009 Annual Progress Report
Scribner Associates, Inc.V.D.1 Lead Research and Development Activity for DOE’s High Temperature, Low Relative Humidity
Membrane Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 989
Secat, Inc.III.18 Materials Solutions for Hydrogen Delivery in Pipelines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .361
SGL CarbonV.B.2 Water Transport in PEM Fuel Cells: Advanced Modeling, Material Selection, Testing, and Design
Optimization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .963
V.H.1 CIRRUS: Cell Ice Regulation and Removal Upon Start-Up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1117
SGL Technologies GmbHV.B.1 Water Transport Exploratory Studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .957
Shell Hydrogen, LLCVIII.5 Hydrogen Vehicle and Infrastructure Demonstration and Validation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1370
SiGNaIV.H.3 NaSi and NaSG Powder Hydrogen Fuel Cells. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .792
SLAC National Accelerator LaboratoryIV.I.5 Bonding and Structures of Light Element-Hydrogen Systems under Extreme Conditions . . . . . . . . . .822
Sloane SolutionsIX.1 Hydrogen Codes and Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1413
Smart ChemistryIX.1 Hydrogen Codes and Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1413
Southeast Michigan Council of Governments (SEMCOG)VIII.10 Detroit Commuter Hydrogen Project . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1389
Southern California EdisonVIII.2 Controlled Hydrogen Fleet and Infrastructure Demonstration and Validation Project . . . . . . . . . . . 1359
South Carolina Hydrogen and Fuel Cell AllianceX.10 Development of Hydrogen Education Programs for Government Officials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1486
Southern Illinois UniversityIV.I.12 First Principles-Based Simulation of Hydrogen Interactions in Complex Hydrides . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .851
Southwest Research Institute®
II.D.3 High Permeability Ternary Palladium Alloy Membranes with Improved Sulfur and Halide Tolerance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .110
IV.E.7 Standardized Testing Program for Solid-State Hydrogen Storage Technologies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .739
Spectrum AutomationII.E.4 Renewable Electrolysis Integrated System Development and Testing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .136
1593FY 2009 Annual Progress Report DOE Hydrogen Program
XVI. Project Listings by Organization
Stanford UniversityII.H.4 Nanostructured MoS2 and WS2 for the Solar Production of Hydrogen. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .189
IV.A.1b Thermodynamically Tuned Nanophase Materials for Reversible Hydrogen Storage: Structure and Kinetics of Nanoparticle and Model System Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .403
VII.14 Potential Environmental Impacts of Hydrogen-Based Transportation and Power Systems. . . . . . . . .1321
Stark State College of TechnologyV.K.5 Fuel Cell Balance of Plant Reliability Testbed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1214
State University of New YorkIV.C.3 Nanostructured Activated Carbon for Hydrogen Storage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .657
Striatus IncorporatedIV.A.4 Discovery of Novel Complex Metal Hydrides for Hydrogen Storage through Molecular
Modeling and Combinatorial Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .502
Süd Chemie, Inc.II.A.1 Low-Cost Hydrogen Distributed Production System Development. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23
Superior Graphite CompanyIV.F.5 Electron-Charged Graphite-Based Hydrogen Storage Material . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .768
Superprotonic, Inc.V.J.3 Solid Acid Fuel Cell Stack for APU Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1177
Sustainable Innovations, LLCIII.7 Development of Highly Efficient Solid-State Electrochemical Hydrogen Compressor . . . . . . . . . . . . . 317
Tanadgusix FoundationVIII.11 TDX Foundation Hydrogen Project . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1392
TDA ResearchII.D.3 High Permeability Ternary Palladium Alloy Membranes with Improved Sulfur and
Halide Tolerance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .110
Technology Management, Inc.II.J.2 Developing Improved Materials to Support the Hydrogen Economy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .266
Technology Transition CorporationX.14 H2 and You A Public Education Initiative by the Hydrogen Education Foundation . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1499
TechverseV.B.2 Water Transport in PEM Fuel Cells: Advanced Modeling, Material Selection, Testing,
and Design Optimization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .963
Tetra Tech, Inc.VII.14 Potential Environmental Impacts of Hydrogen-Based Transportation and Power Systems. . . . . . . . .1321
Texas A&M UniversityIII.5 Development of a Centrifugal Hydrogen Pipeline Gas Compressor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 306
IV.C.1b A Biomimetic Approach to Metal-Organic Frameworks with High H2 Uptake . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 577
V.E.2 Highly Dispersed Alloy Catalyst for Durability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1075
XVI. Project Listings by Organization
1594DOE Hydrogen Program FY 2009 Annual Progress Report
Texas H2 CoalitionVIII.12 Texas Hydrogen Highway - Fuel Cell Hybrid Bus and Fueling Infrastructure Technology
Showcase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1394
X.9 Hydrogen Education in Texas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1483
Thompson, David R. VII.7 Hydrogen Deployment System Modeling Environment (HyDS-ME) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1291
TIAX LLCIV.E.1 Analyses of Hydrogen Storage Materials and On-Board Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .708
V.A.3 Cost Analyses of Fuel Cell Stack/Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .931
Toro CompanyV.J.4 Research & Development for Off-Road Fuel Cell Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1183
Trulite Inc.IV.H.3 NaSi and NaSG Powder Hydrogen Fuel Cells. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .792
U.S. BoraxIV.B.1g Ammonia Borane Regeneration and Market Analysis of Hydrogen Storage Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . 544
Udelhoven Oilfield System ServicesV.I.7 Low-Cost Co-Production of Hydrogen and Electricity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1151
Ultracell CorporationVI.4 Modular, High-Volume Fuel Cell Leak-Test Suite and Process. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1239
United States Fuel Cell CouncilIX.8 Codes & Standards for the Hydrogen Economy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1440
United Technologies – Hamilton SundstrandV.C.3 Effects of Impurities on Fuel Cell Performance and Durability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .983
United Technologies Research CenterII.B.2 A Novel Slurry-Based Biomass Reforming Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .64
II.D.4 Experimental Demonstration of Advanced Palladium Membrane Separators for Central High-Purity Hydrogen Production . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114
III.13 Reversible Liquid Carriers for an Integrated Production, Storage and Delivery of Hydrogen . . . . . . . 340
IV.A.1j Catalyzed Nano-Framework Stablized High-Density Reversible Hydrogen Storage Systems . . . . . . . .450
IV.D.1d Advancement of Systems Designs and Key Engineering Technologies for Materials Based Hydrogen Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 686
IV.E.4 Quantifying and Addressing the DOE Material Reactivity Requirements with Analysis and Testing of Hydrogen Storage Materials and Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .724
Université du Québec à Trois-RivièresIV.D.1a Hydrogen Storage Engineering Center of Excellence (HSCoE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .675
IV.D.1b SRNL Technical Work Scope for the Hydrogen Storage Engineering Center of Excellence: Design and Testing of Metal Hydride and Adsorbent Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .679
University of AkronV.D.6 Protic Salt Polymer Membranes: High-Temperature Water-Free Proton-Conducting Membranes. . . . .1012
V.I.10 Development of kW Scale Coal-Based Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1163
1595FY 2009 Annual Progress Report DOE Hydrogen Program
XVI. Project Listings by Organization
University of AlabamaIV.B.1e Main Group Element and Organic Chemistry for Hydrogen Storage and Activation . . . . . . . . . . . . . .533
University of Alaska FairbanksV.I.7 Low-Cost Co-Production of Hydrogen and Electricity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1151
V.I.8 Development of a Novel Efficient Solid-Oxide Hybrid for Co-Generation of Hydrogen and Electricity Using Nearby Resources for Local Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1155
University of Arkansas at Little RockII.H.12 Photoelectrochemical (PEC) Hydrogen Generation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .228
II.H.13 University of Nevada, Reno Photo-Electrochemical Project. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .232
IV.H.4 An Integrated Approach for Hydrogen Production and Storage in Complex Hydrides of Transitional Elements and Carbon-based Nanostructural Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .796
University of California, BerkeleyII.I.2 Maximizing Light Utilization Efficiency and Hydrogen Production in Microalgal Cultures . . . . . . . . 240
IV.A.3 Tunable Thermodynamics and Kinetics for Hydrogen Storage: Nanoparticle Synthesis Using Ordered Polymer Templates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 498
IV.F.1 A Synergistic Approach to the Development of New Hydrogen Storage Materials, Part I . . . . . . . . . .745
X.4 Hydrogen Energy in Engineering Education (H2E3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1464
X.15 Hydrogen Education State Partnership Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1502
X.16 Hydrogen Technology and Energy Curriculum (HyTEC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1506
University of California, DavisIV.B.1j Chemical Hydrogen Storage using Ultra-High Surface Area Main Group Materials and the
Development of Efficient Amine-Borane Regeneration Cycles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .556
IV.I.2 Activation of Hydrogen Under Ambient Conditions by Main Group Molecules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .815
V.J.4 Research & Development for Off-Road Fuel Cell Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1183
University of California, IrvineVII.17 Thermodynamic, Economic, and Environmental Modeling of Hydrogen (H2) Co-Production
Integrated with Stationary Fuel Cell Systems (FCS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1332
VIII.7 California Hydrogen Infrastructure Project . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1378
University of California, Los AngelesIV.A.4 Discovery of Novel Complex Metal Hydrides for Hydrogen Storage through Molecular Modeling and
Combinatorial Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .502
IV.C.4 Hydrogen Storage in Metal-Organic Frameworks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .662
IV.C.5 A Joint Theory and Experimental Project in the High-Throughput Synthesis and Testing of Porous COF and ZIF Materials for On-Board Vehicular Hydrogen Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 666
University of California, RiversideV.E.5 Advanced Cathode Catalysts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1092
University of California, Santa BarbaraII.H.5 Photoelectrochemical Hydrogen Production Using New Combinatorial Chemistry
Derived Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .195
IV.F.3 Hydrogen Storage Materials with Binding Intermediate between Physisorption and Chemisorption . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .758
IV.I.22 Computational Studies of Hydrogen Interactions with Storage Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 890
XVI. Project Listings by Organization
1596DOE Hydrogen Program FY 2009 Annual Progress Report
University of Central FloridaII.F.2 Solar High-Temperature Water-Splitting Cycle with Quantum Boost . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
II.J.3 Hydrogen Production and Fuel Cell Research . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .276
V.D.1 Lead Research and Development Activity for DOE’s High Temperature, Low Relative Humidity Membrane Program . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 989
VIII.13 Florida Hydrogen Initiative . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1397
X.6 Bachelor of Science Engineering Technology Hydrogen and Fuel Cell Education Program Concentration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1472
University of ChicagoIV.C.1f Hydrogen Storage Media through Nanostructured Polymeric Materials. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .601
University of CincinnatiII.C.1 Zeolite Membrane Reactor for Water-Gas-Shift Reaction for Hydrogen Production. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .72
University of Colorado at BoulderII.F.3 Solar-Thermal Hydrogen Production Using a Metal-Oxide Based Thermochemical Water
Splitting Cycle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .152
University of ConnecticutIV.A.6 Effects and Mechanisms of Mechanical Activation on Hydrogen Sorption/Desorption
of Nanoscale Lithium Nitrides and Lithium Borohydrides . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 508
V.C.3 Effects of Impurities on Fuel Cell Performance and Durability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .983
V.E.3 Development of Alternative and Durable High Performance Cathode Supports for PEM Fuel Cells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1081
University of DelawareV.E.3 Development of Alternative and Durable High Performance Cathode Supports for PEM
Fuel Cells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1081
V.H.1 CIRRUS: Cell Ice Regulation and Removal Upon Start-Up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1117
VI.5 Manufacturing of Low-Cost, Durable Membrane Electrode Assemblies Engineered for Rapid Conditioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1243
University of Detroit MercyV.D.13 Membranes and MEAs for Dry, Hot Operating Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1042
University of GeorgiaIV.I.25 Integrated Nanoscale Metal Hydride-Catalyst Architectures for Hydrogen Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .903
University of HawaiiIV.A.1g Fundamental Studies of Advanced High-Capacity, Reversible Metal Hydrides . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .432
V.D.12 Improved, Low-Cost, Durable Fuel Cell Membranes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1039
IX.1 Hydrogen Codes and Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1413
University of Hawaii at ManoaII.H.1 Photoelectrochemical Hydrogen Production: DOE PEC Working Group Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .175
II.H.8 Photoelectrochemical Hydrogen Production: MVSystems Incorporated . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .212
II.H.9 Progress in the Study of Amorphous Silicon Carbide (a-SiC) as a Photoelectrode in Photoelectrochemical (PEC) Cells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217
II.H.10 Progress in the Study of Copper Chalcopyrites as Photoelectrodes in Photoelectrochemical Cells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .221
VIII.9 Hawaii Hydrogen Center for Development and Deployment of Distributed Energy Systems . . . . . . .1387
1597FY 2009 Annual Progress Report DOE Hydrogen Program
XVI. Project Listings by Organization
University of Illinois at ChicagoV.E.4 Non-Platinum Bimetallic Cathode Electrocatalysts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1087
University of Illinois, Urbana-ChampaignIII.19 Hydrogen Embrittlement of Pipelines: Fundamentals, Experiments, Modeling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .366
IV.A.1l Reversible Hydrogen Storage Materials – Structure, Chemistry, and Electronic Structure . . . . . . . . . .461
V.E.5 Advanced Cathode Catalysts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1092
VII.13 Evaluation of the Potential Environmental Impacts from Large-Scale Use and Production of Hydrogen in Energy and Transportation Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1316
University of Las VegasIV.H.5 Hydrogen Fuel Cells and Storage Technology Project . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .801
University of MarylandX.11 VA-MD-DC Hydrogen Education for Decision Makers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1489
University of MichiganIV.C.1c Hydrogen Storage by Spillover . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .582
University of MinnesotaII.A.6 Distributed Bio-Oil Reforming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45
University of MissouriIV.A.1c Development of Metal Hydrides at Sandia National Laboratories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 408
IV.A.3 Tunable Thermodynamics and Kinetics for Hydrogen Storage: Nanoparticle Synthesis Using Ordered Polymer Templates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 498
IV.B.1l Chemical Hydrogen Storage Using Polyhedral Borane Anions and Aluminum-Ammonia-Borane Complexes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .564
IV.C.1p Multiply Surface-Functionalized Nanoporous Carbon for Vehicular Hydrogen Storage . . . . . . . . . . . .646
IV.I.6 Networks of Boron-Doped Carbon Nanopores for Low-Pressure Reversible Hydrogen Storage . . . . .824
University of Nevada, Las VegasII.H.3 Characterization of Materials for Photoelectrochemical Hydrogen Production (PEC) . . . . . . . . . . . . .184
V.E.4 Non-Platinum Bimetallic Cathode Electrocatalysts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1087
University of Nevada, RenoII.H.13 University of Nevada, Reno Photo-Electrochemical Project. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .232
IV.A.1o Effect of Gaseous Impurities on Durability of Complex Li-based Hydrides for Hydrogen Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 477
University of New Mexico, AlbuquerqueV.E.5 Advanced Cathode Catalysts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1092
University of North Carolina at Chapel HillIV.C.1m Characterization of Hydrogen Adsorption by NMR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .630
University of North DakotaII.B.2 A Novel Slurry-Based Biomass Reforming Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .64
X.7 Development of a Renewable Hydrogen Production and Fuel Cell Education Program . . . . . . . . . . . 1475
University of OregonIV.B.1h Hydrogen Storage by Novel CBN Heterocycle Materials . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 548
XVI. Project Listings by Organization
1598DOE Hydrogen Program FY 2009 Annual Progress Report
University of PennsylvaniaIV.B.1b Amineborane-Based Chemical Hydrogen Storage. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .518
IV.C.2 Carbide-Derived Carbons with Tunable Porosity Optimized for Hydrogen Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .652
IV.I.21 Mechanistic Studies of Activated Hydrogen Release from Amine Boranes. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 886
IV.I.24 From Fundamental Understanding to Predicting New Nanomaterials for High-Capacity Hydrogen Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .897
University of PittsburghIV.A.1h First-Principles Modeling of Hydrogen Storage in Metal Hydride Systems. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .439
University of South CarolinaV.K.2 Fuel Cell Research at the University of South Carolina . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1201
V.K.6 Hydrogen Fuel Cell Development in Columbia (SC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1218
University of South Carolina Research FoundationIX.1 Hydrogen Codes and Standards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1413
University of South FloridaII.J.3 Hydrogen Production and Fuel Cell Research . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .276
IV.H.2 Hydrogen Storage Research. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .786
IV.I.3 Design and Synthesis of Novel Porous Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs) Toward High Hydrogen Storage Capacity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 817
University of Southern CaliforniaII.C.3 Water-Gas Shift Reaction via a Single Stage Low-Temperature Membrane Reactor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .83
University of Southern MississippiV.D.4 Poly(cyclohexadiene)-Base Polymer Electrolyte Membranes for Fuel Cell Applications . . . . . . . . . . .1001
V.D.16 Alternate Fuel Cell Membranes for Energy Independence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1061
University of TennesseeIV.C.1k ORNL Progress within the DOE Center of Excellence for Hydrogen Sorption:
Synthesis and Processing of Single-Walled Carbon Nanohorns for Hydrogen Storage and Catalyst Supports. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .621
V.D.4 Poly(cyclohexadiene)-Base Polymer Electrolyte Membranes for Fuel Cell Applications . . . . . . . . . . .1001
V.D.13 Membranes and MEAs for Dry, Hot Operating Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1042
VII.11 Development of HyTrans Model and Integrated Scenario Analysis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1307
University of Texas at AustinIV.H.3 NaSi and NaSG Powder Hydrogen Fuel Cells. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .792
VIII.12 Texas Hydrogen Highway - Fuel Cell Hybrid Bus and Fueling Infrastructure Technology Showcase. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1394
University of Texas at DallasIV.I.1 Novel theoretical and experimental approaches for understanding and optimizing
hydrogen-sorbent interactions in metal organic framework materials. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 808
University of ToledoII.H.11 Critical Research for Cost-Effective Photoelectrochemical Production of Hydrogen. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .224
1599FY 2009 Annual Progress Report DOE Hydrogen Program
XVI. Project Listings by Organization
University of UtahIV.A.1d Chemical Vapor Synthesis and Discovery of H2 Storage Materials: Li-Al-Mg-N-H System . . . . . . . . .416
V.D.7 Fluoroalkylphosphonic-Acid-Based Proton Conductors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1016
V.I.8 Development of a Novel Efficient Solid-Oxide Hybrid for Co-generation of Hydrogen and Electricity Using Nearby Resources for Local Applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1155
University of VictoriaV.B.2 Water Transport in PEM Fuel Cells: Advanced Modeling, Material Selection, Testing,
and Design Optimization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .963
University of WashingtonIV.B.1i Solutions for Chemical Hydrogen Storage: Dehydrogenation of B-N Bonds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .552
University of WisconsinII.A.3 Hydrogen Generation from Biomass-Derived Carbohydrates via the Aqueous-Phase
Reforming (APR) Process. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31
UNLV Research FoundationIV.H.5 Hydrogen Fuel Cells and Storage Technology Project . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .801
UOP LLCIV.A.4 Discovery of Novel Complex Metal Hydrides for Hydrogen Storage through Molecular
Modeling and Combinatorial Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .502
UTC PowerV.E.2 Highly Dispersed Alloy Catalyst for Durability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1075
V.G.3 Low-Cost Durable Seals for PEMFCs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1113
V.I.2 PEM Fuel Cell Powerplant Development and Verification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1128
VI.5 Manufacturing of Low-Cost, Durable Membrane Electrode Assemblies Engineered for Rapid Conditioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1243
VIII.2 Controlled Hydrogen Fleet and Infrastructure Demonstration and Validation Project . . . . . . . . . . . 1359
Vanderbilt UniversityV.D.9 NanoCapillary Network Proton Conducting Membranes for High Temperature
Hydrogen/Air Fuel Cells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1026
II.A.3 Hydrogen Generation from Biomass-Derived Carbohydrates via the Aqueous-Phase Reforming (APR) Process. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31
Virginia Clean CitiesX.11 VA-MD-DC Hydrogen Education for Decision Makers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1489
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State UniversityII.E.3 PEM Electrolyzer Incorporating an Advanced Low-Cost Membrane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .132
V.D.5 High Temperature, Low Relative Humidity, Polymer-type Membranes Based on Disulfonated Poly(arylene ether) Block and Random Copolymers Optionally Incorporating Protonic Conducting Layered Water Insoluble Zirconium Fillers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1008
V.D.12 Improved, Low-Cost, Durable Fuel Cell Membranes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1039
V.G.3 Low-Cost Durable Seals for PEMFCs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1113
Volpentest Hazardous Materials Management and Emergency Response (HAMMER) Training and Education Center
X.1 Hydrogen Safety: First Responder Education . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1453
XVI. Project Listings by Organization
1600DOE Hydrogen Program FY 2009 Annual Progress Report
Volvo Trucks North AmericaV.J.2 Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Development for Auxiliary Power in Heavy Duty Vehicle Applications . . . . . 1173
W.L. Gore & AssociatesV.B.1 Water Transport Exploratory Studies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .957
V.H.1 CIRRUS: Cell Ice Regulation and Removal Upon Start-Up . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1117
VI.5 Manufacturing of Low-Cost, Durable Membrane Electrode Assemblies Engineered for Rapid Conditioning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1243
Washington UniversityIV.I.13 NMR of Hydrogen Storage Systems: Ionic Hydrides and Mobile Species . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .855
Western Res. Ins. & U of Wyoming Res.Corp.II.D.5 The Integration of a Structural Water-Gas Shift Catalyst with a Vanadium Alloy Hydrogen
Transport Device. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .119
Worcester Polytechnic InstituteII.D.1 Composite Pd and Alloy Porous Stainless Steel Membranes for Hydrogen Production
and Process Intensification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .102
Wright State UniversityV.D.9 NanoCapillary Network Proton Conducting Membranes for High Temperature Hydrogen/Air
Fuel Cells . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1026
Zhang, ShengbaiIV.C.1e NREL Research as Part of the Hydrogen Sorption Center of Excellence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .591