PRESENTED BY

ARUNANGSHU CHAKRABORTY

MANOJ KUMAR

SIDHARTH GAUTAM

The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development

THE OECD : WHAT IS IT?

*The Organization for Economic Co-operation and

Development is a unique forum where the governments of 30

market democracies work together to address the economic,

social and governance challenges of globalization as well as to

exploit its opportunities.

*The Organization provides a setting where governments can

compare policy experiences, seek answers to common problems,

identify good practice and co-ordinate domestic and

international policies.

*The OECD helps governments to foster prosperity and fight

poverty through economic growth, financial stability, trade and

investment, technology, innovation, entrepreneurship and

development co-operation.

*For more than 40 years, the OECD has been one of the world’s

largest and most reliable sources of comparable statistical,

economic and social data.

HISTORY OF OECD* The OECD grew out of the Organisation for European Economic

Co-operation (OEEC), which was set up in 1948 with support from

the United States and Canada to co-ordinate the Marshall Plan for the

reconstruction of Europe after World War II .

*Created as an economic counterpart to NATO, the OECD took over

from the OEEC in 1961 and, since then, its mission has been to help

governments achieve sustainable economic growth and employment

and rising standards of living in member countries while maintaining

financial stability, so contributing to the development of the world

economy.

WORK OF OECD

*The OECD provides a setting for reflection and discussion, based on

policy research and analysis that helps governments shape policy that

may lead to a formal agreement among member governments or be

acted on in domestic or other international fora.

*The OECD’s way of working consists of a highly effective process that

begins with data collection and analysis and moves on to collective

discussion of policy, then decision-making and implementation.

*Crucial analytical work and consensus-building on trade issues,

such as trade in services, feed into the success of international trade

negotiations.

ORGANIZATION STRUCTURE

IN DETAIL*DEVELOPMENT

OECD donor countries grouped in the Development

Assistance Committee (DAC) account for more than 90% of official

development assistance (ODA) worldwide. The Development Co-operation

Directorate (DCD) supports the work of the DAC and of the OECD as a whole

by assisting with policy formulation, policy co-ordination and information

systems for development.

*ECONOMICS AND GROWTH

The Economics Department examines economic and financial

developments in OECD countries and selected non-member economies.

*EDUCATION

The Directorate for Education helps member countries achieve high-quality

learning for all that contributes to personal development, sustainable economic growth

and social cohesion

*EMPLOYMENT AND SOCIAL COHESION

The Directorate for Employment, Labour and Social Affairs oversees work

on the inter-related policy areas that can promote employment and prevent social

exclusion. Its activities are focused on four main themes: employment and training,

health, international migration and social issues.

*ENERGY Energy issues are handled by two specialised agencies:-

The International Energy Agency (IEA) which consider means of improving

energy supply and enhancing efficient energy use; integrating energy and

environmental policies; and opening dialogue between energy producers and

consumers within and beyond its own membership ; &

The Nuclear Energy Agency (NEA) helps its 28 members to maintain and develop

through international co-operation, the scientific, technological and legal bases

required for the safe, environmentally friendly and economical use of nuclear energy

for peaceful purposes.

*ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND LOCAL DEVELOPMENT

The OECD’s Centre for Entrepreneurship, SMEs and Local

Development fosters the development of an entrepreneurial society, capable of

innovating, creating jobs and seizing the opportunities provided by globalisation while

helping to promote sustainable growth, integrated development and social cohesion.

*ENVIRONMENT

The Environment Directorate helps member countries to design

and implement efficient, effective policies to address environmental problems

and to manage natural resources in a sustainable way.

*FINANCIAL AND ENTERPRISE AFFAIRS

The Directorate for Financial and Enterprise Affairs takes up public policy

challenges of direct concern to business to enhance economic growth and development,

ensure financial stability and promote the effective integration of non-OECD countries in

the global economy.

*PUBLIC GOVERNANCE

The Public Governance and Territorial Development Directorate helps countries to adapt

their government systems and territorial policies to the changing needs of society.

*SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND INDUSTRY

The Directorate for Science, Technology and Industry helps OECD countries

understand and shape the evolution of a knowledge-based economy, in order to

achieve the highest innovation potential and adapt national policies to

opportunities provided by globalisation.

*STATISTICS

The Statistics Directorate collects economic statistics from across the OECD. These

are standardized to make them internationally comparable and are published in both

printed and electronic form.

• TAXATION

The Centre for Tax Policy and Administration examines all aspects of taxation, including

tax policy and tax administration. It also fosters dialogue with non-OECD economies,

thereby promoting international co-operation in taxation.

• TRADE AND AGRICULTURE

The work of the Directorate for Trade and Agriculture provides support for a

strong, rules-based multilateral trading system (MTS), and advice to help

OECD and non-member governments design and implement policies in both the

trade and agriculture domains that achieve their goals, in effective, efficient and

least market-distorting ways.

GLOBAL RELATIONS*Over time, the OECD’s focus has broadened to include extensive contacts with

non-member economies and it now maintains co-operative relations with more

than 100 of them. These contacts aim to further economic integration by making

the OECD’s experience available to other countries and enabling the OECD to

profit from the insights and perspectives of non-members.

*The Centre for Co-operation with Non-Members develops and oversees the

strategic orientations of the OECD’s global relations with non-members. It co-

ordinates a number of programmes linked to the key themes of OECD work in

areas such as improving the investment climate, public and corporate governance,

trade, agriculture, competition and taxation.

THE OECD AND THE PUBLIC*Effective communication is essential to enable the OECD to fulfill its

mission to promote intergovernmental co-operation, as well as to

explain its activities to a broad range of audiences and stakeholders from

policy makers to business representatives, academia, labour, civil society,

the media and the general public.

*The OECD Centres in Berlin, Mexico, Tokyo and Washington organize

lectures, seminars and other events to disseminate the Organization’s work, often

helping to bridge language gaps.

*The OECD Observer, the Organization’s public magazine, also keeps readers

up to date on key issues related to OECD work.

INDIA & THE OECD*India is one of the many non-member economies with which the OECD

has working relationships in addition to its member countries.

*The OECD has been co-operating with India since 1995. The OECD

Council at Ministerial level adopted a resolution on 16 May 2007 to

strengthen the co-operation with India, as well as

with Brazil, China, Indonesia and South Africa, through a programme of

enhanced engagement.

*It also called for the expansion of the OECD's relations with Southeast

Asia. While enhanced engagement is distinct from accession to the

OECD, it has the potential in the future to lead to membership.

MUTUAL BENEFITS

India values the opportunity to discuss major policy issues and challenges and to

learn from the experiences of OECD countries facing similar challenges. The

relationship also benefits OECD Members and non-OECD economies, who are

increasingly engaged with India through trade and investment, and who have

gained a better understanding of India as it has become a major actor in the

globalised economy.

AREAS OF WORK

The OECD’s first Economic Survey of India was released in 2007. India also

participates in various policy areas including trade, investment, policies for small

and medium-sized enterprises, development and steel.

INDIA’S PARTICIPATION IN OECD GENERAL

ACTIVITIES

India is on the Governing Board of the OECD’s Development Centre  and

it also participates as an observer in some OECD Committees and various

working groups and various working groups. Indian ministers have

also attended a number of Ministerial Council Meeting dialogue sessions

with non-OECD countries since 2002. India also supports the

OECD regionally-focused activities in Asia, hosting regional forums and

workshops on issues including investment, taxation, financial education,

private pensions, and development.

REFERENCES

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/

Organisation_for_Economic_Co-

operation_and_Development

http://www.oecd-ilibrary.org

http://www.oecdbetterlifeindex.org

https://www.oecd.org/india/