PRESENT STATUS OF FISHERY IN BIHAR AND HOW TO IMPROVE PRODUCTION THROUGH BANK FINANCE

SUMITTED TO

FACULTY OF BASIC SCIENCES AND HUMANITIES

RAJENDRA AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY PUSA

SAMASTIPUR BIHAR

SUMITTED BY

RAJEEVN KUMA

MBA (Agri-Business)

Reg.no MBA(AGB)30/2012-13

CONTENT INTRODUCTION OBJECTIVE COMPANY PROFILE RESEARCH METHODOLOGY OBSERVATION DATA ANALYSIS SWOT ANALYSIS CONCULSION SUGGESTION/RECOMMENDATION BIBLOGRAPHY

INTRODUCTION Bihar is blessed with vast and varied fisheries and

aquaculture resources. These resources are in the form of rivers, reservoirs,

lakes, mauns , chaurs , irrigation canals, ponds and community tanks.

However, despite such natural resources and fish as highly preferred food item, aquaculture and open water fisheries resource remain highly underutilized.

It is high time for the state to make use of these resources for providing sustainable livelihoods to millions of poor rural communities.

The major schemes taken up include production and supply of fish seed, development of Maun / Chaur besides centrally sponsored schemes for development of aquaculture and welfare of fishers

CONT- Current status of fisheries and aquaculture Bihar occupies third position in inland fish production

(2.66 lakh tones) It contributes about 1.6 % of Bihar GDP. Bihar has abundant natural resources of water in the

form of 69,000 hectare of ponds and tanks , 90,000 hectare of ox-bow lakes , 35,000 hectare of water logged area and many major rivers with total length of 3200 km.

The present fish production is about 2.675 lakh tones. The state produces 350 million fry against its current requirement of 2000 million.

Similarly, the State requires about 4.5 lakh metric tones of fish for local consumption and as such there is a wide gap between the production and demand of fish.

CONT-

The annual per capita fish consumption in the state is one of the lowest in the country,1 kg/yr for nutritional security.

To promote fisheries, the department of fisheries has 121 fish seed farms, out of which only 10% are in working condition.

Presently, there are 81 fish seed hatcheries in Bihar.

In order to bridge the gap in the fish seed demand and supply, government of Bihar has announced to set up one hatchery in each District of the State.

SCOPE Conservation of Water in Tanks & Ponds. Intensive/Semi- Intensive Fish Culture in Tanks &

Ponds. Culture based Fisheries in Mauns /Chaurs by stocking

fingerlings. Enhancing of Fish Seed Production up to 650 million Infrastructural Dev. Of Fish Marketing Training of Fish Farmers to acquaint them with latest

know- how of Fish Production Insurance of Fish Crops.

CONT- To Develop Pond Aquaculture- Water areas below 10 ha to be

brought under composite culture and bringing them into scientific composite culture and achieving and annual production level up to 3000 kg/ha/year.

Culture Based Fisheries Enhancement In Ox-bow Lakes- Special drive for renovation and restoration of Ox-bow lakes to make them suitable for fish culture and to get annual yield of 600-1000 kg/ha/year by stocking 3000 fingerling per ha

Development Of Waterlogged Areas- To develop and brought under Semi- intensive culture through Inland Fisheries and Aquaculture Scheme

Reservoir Fisheries- Management of reservoir shall be done on culture based fisheries, optimum stocking , density of size of seeds and co-operative based management to enhance present level of production

Quality Seed throughout the Year – Quality fish seed is most critically required inputs for aquaculture. Adequate supply of good quality fish seed throughout the

OBJECTIVE

To study about the programme run by government to development of fishery sector.

To assess the production, processing, storage, transport, marketing of the fish and fish product.

To find out the the financial institutions that supports fishermen for carrying out the fisheries.

To evaluate the role of bank in the development of fishery sector.

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Research design:- The methodology for the fulfilment of different

objective of study consisted of two main component, Data and its source.

Research Plan:- Reporting in the Bank: 13 June 2013 Data collection: 15 June to 16 July 2013. Analysis and report writing: 17 July to 25th July 2013

Source of Data:-

PRIMARY DATA:- Questionnaires, and personal interview method.

SECONDARY DATA:- Published and unpublished document like magazines, fishery department information,

CONT--Research Instruments:-

In depth interview with fishermen. bank employees and with staffs of fishery department

Analytical Methods The analysis of study has been achieved by using simple

statistical tools like averages, percentage, ranking along with their graphical representation.

Sampling technique:- Samples of fishermen and bank was selected by

employing simple random sample Sampling size:-

(a) Fisherman: -40 (b) Bank staffs: -20 (c) Government agency—6 fisheries department (Khagaria, Samastipur, Darbhangas, Madhubani, Sitamarhi, Patna)Sample area:-Darbhanga, Khagaria, Begusaria, Madhubani, Muzaffarpur, Samastipur, Sitamarhi

AREA OF STUDY

ORGANISATION PROFILE

State Bank of India (SBI) is a multinational banking and financial services

company based in India. It is a government-owned corporation with its

headquarters in Mumbai Maharashtra As of December 2012, it had assets of US$501 billion

and 15,003 branches, including 157 foreign offices, making it the largest banking and financial services company in India by assets.

The bank traces its ancestry to British India, through the Imperial Bank of India, to the founding in 1806 of the Bank of Calcutta, making it the oldest commercial bank in the Indian Subcontinent.

CONT- Bank of Madras merged into the other two presidency

banks—Bank of Calcutta and Bank of Bombay—to form the Imperial Bank of India, which in turn became the State Bank of India.

Government of India nationalised the Imperial Bank of India in 1955, with Reserve Bank of India taking a 60% stake, and renamed it the State Bank of India. In 2008, the government took over the stake held by the Reserve Bank of India.

SBI was ranked 285th in the Fortune Global 500 rankings of the world's biggest corporations for the year 2012.

CONT-

SBI provides a range of banking products through its network of branches in India and overseas, including products aimed at non-resident Indian (NRIs).

SBI has 14 regional hubs and 57 Zonal Offices that are located at important cities throughout the country.

SBI is a regional banking behemoth and has 20% market share in deposits and loans among Indian commercial banks.

The State Bank of India was named the 29th most reputed company in the world according to Forbes 2009 rankings and was the only bank featured in the "top 10 brands of India" list in an annual survey conducted by Brand Finance and The Economic Times in 2010.

OBSERVATIONS

After survey with fishermen and Bank, following observations has been inferred. There is abundant water resource in Bihar but production is not as good as comparison with water resource. There is opportunity of developed fishery sector to become a surplus state after overcome some problem. Meeting with fishermen some problem faced by fishermen /Bihar fishery are:-

Abundant water resources like ponds, in Madhubani, Darbhanga, Khagaria, East champran.

Several varieties of fishes are found in Bihar in which Madubani, Darbhanga are major.

Various government agency are work in this sector like FFDA, Fishery department.

Lack of good quality of fish seed. Lack of modern technology. Lack of technological knowledge. Lack of infrastructure. Lack of information about fish culture. Lack of involvement of bank.

 

DATA ANALYSIS (FISHERY PROFILE OF BIHAR)

Total inland water bodies(iakh ha)

1.60

River and canal (km) 3,200

Reservoirs (Lakh ha) 0.60

Tanks and ponds(Lakh ha) 0.95

Flood plain lakes (Lakh ha) 0.05

No Of FFDA 33

water area covered under FFDA (ha)

25786.00

CONT-

No of fish farmers trained under FFDA

35362

No of beneficiaries under FFDA 38862

Average productivity reported(kg/ha/year) -FFDA

2400

SOURCE—ICAR REPORT

FISH PRODUCTION IN LAST EIGHT YEAR

YEAR INLAND FISH PRODUCTION

Fish production (tons)

Growth rate No of fish seed produced(million)

Growth rate

2004- 05 267.51 0.3 318.31 -8.12005-06 279.53 4.5 344.4 8.32006-07 267.04 -4.5 330.46 -4.22007-08 319.10 19.5 309.53 -6.4

2008-09 300.65 -5.8 302.99 -2.11

2009-10 297.40 -1.08 330.78 9.17

2010-11 299.91 0.84 275.19 16.80

2011-12 344.47 14.86 244.37

2O12-13 400.34 16.25

FUND RELASE TO THE GOVT.OF BIHAR FROM NFDB

Name of activities

2007-08

2008-09

2009-10

2010-11

2011-12

2012-13

Intensive

aquaculture in

ponds & tanks

73.6400 - - 16.78 945.77

Reservoir fisheries - 20.17 22.13

Cold Water

Fisheries0.00

Other activities - - - - 0.00

Total: 73.6400 0.00 - 36.95 967.90

PERFORMANCE OF CSS & CS SCHEMES IN BIHAR (RS. IN LAKHS)

Name of Schemes Funds released during 11th Plan

2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13

Development of Inland

fisheries & Aquaculture

20.00 0.00 0.00 20.00 101.40 65.00

National Scheme of Welfare

of Fishermen.

43.14 0.00 0.00 293.00 0.00 -

Strengthening of Database &

Geographic Information

System of Fisheries Sector.

0.44 6.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -

National Fisheries

Development Board (NFDB)

73.6400 0.00 - 36.95 964.91 15.11

National Mission for Protein

Supplements (NMPS)

- - - - 1214.00 -

NATIONAL MISSION FOR PROTEIN SUPPLEMENTS (NMPS)

Approved Component for the year 2012-13 Rs. in lakhs

Reservoir Development 668.00

Aquaculture Development through Integrated approach 250.00

Total 918.00

SOURCE– ICAR REPORT

AN ESTIMATE DISTRICT-WISE POND RESOURCE IN THE STATE

DISTRICT POND AREA(Hectare)

GOPALGANJ 998

SIWAN 948

CHAPRA 812

VAISHALI 871

MUZAFFARPUR 1822

EAST CHAMPRAN 9153

WEST CHAMPRAN 4003

SITAMARHI 2000

MADHUBANI 3743

DARBHANGA 3036

SAMASTIPUR 1386

BEGUSARIA 1033

CONT-

SAHARSA 1057

MADHEPURA 1508

PURNEA 3447

KATIHAR 4176

BHAGALPUR 918

MUNGER 3163

KHAGARIA 4640

SAHEBGANJ 1609

PATNA 2176

BHOJPUR 1096

ROHTAS 925

GAYA 2758

AURANGABAD 3511

CONT-

NAWADA 3184

NALANDA 3464

SOURCE:-DEPARTMENT OF FISHRY (GOVT. OF BIHAR

DISTRICT-WISE MANUSSI No DISTRICT NO.AND AREA OF MAUNS IN DIFFERNT REGION

10-50 ha 50-100 ha 100-500 Total No. Total area

No Area No Area No Area

1 KATHIR 21 807 3 212 1 156 25 875

2 EAST CHAMPRAN 10 276 8 586 7 1130 25 1992

3 MUZAFFARPUR 21 436 3 185 0 0 24 621

4 SAMASTIPUR 4 143 1 98 3 702 8 943

5 WEST CHAMPRAN 3 83 1 52 2 626 6 761

Total 59 1445 16 1133 13 2614 88 5192

Source-Fishery department (Govt. of Bihar

BROOD BANK

Species % of total Quantity of seed (crore) Quantity of brood Tocks (tonnes)

Fingerlings Fry Spawn Female Male

CATLA 30 9.6 19.2 63.4 12.7 12.7

ROHU 30 9.6 19.2 63.4 12.7 12.7

MRIGNAL 20 6.4 12.8 42.2 8.5 8.5

GRASS CARP 10 3.2 6.4 21.2 4.3 4.3

COMMON

CARP

8 2.6 5.2 17.2 3.4 3.4

SILVER CARP 2 0.6 1.2 3.6 0.9 O.9

TOTAL 100 32 64 211 42.5 42.5

Source;-Fishery department (Govt. of Bihar)Source;-Fishery department (Govt. of Bihar)Source;-Fishery department (Govt. of Bihar)

SOURCE-FISHERY DEPARTMENT GOVT.OF BIHAR

AVILIABLE RESOURCE

SI. NO SPECIFICATION TOTAL NO. AREA IN Ha

1 TANK/PONDS 70000 69000

2 OX-BOW LAKES(MAUN) 48 9000

3 RESIVIOURS 29 7276

4 FLOWING RIVER 32OOKM

5 WET LAND 100000ha

SOURCE- FISHERY DEPARTMENT (GOVT.OF BIHAR)

PRODUCTIVITY

SI. No Particular Production

1 Average productivity per ha/year 8oo/ha/year

2 National productivity 2500kg/ha/year

3 Productivity from developed water

bodies

2300kg/ha/year

4 Annul Demand 4.56 lakh MT

5 Total fish production 3.06 lakh Ton

6 Import fish from neighbouring state 1.5 lakh Ton(value-1050 crore)

SOURCE-FISHERY DEPARTMENT (GOVT.OF BIHAR)

INFRASTRUCTURE FACILITIES

SI.NO FACILITY AVILIABLE REMARK

1 No. of fisherman 121

2 No. of Hatcheries

(a) In Govt. sector 1

(b) In corporate 2

(c) Private 40

3 No. of training

centre(Rohtas, Nawada,

Khagaria, Supual, Banka)

5

4 No. of fish farmer

development agency

(FFDA)

38

5 No. of fish feed mill 110

6 No. of Hatcheries 97 Sanctioned

SOURCE-ICAR REPORT

MATSYA JAGARAN KENDRA

S.No. Name of Districts Status

1 Nawada

Constructed

2 Khagaria

3 Kisangunj

4 Banka

5 Sasaram

6 Supaul

7 Gopalgunj

Under Construction8 Saharsa

9 Gaya

Sanction

10 Madhubani

11 Dharbhanga

12 Sitamarhi

TOTAL FISH PRODUCTION

2004-5

2005-6

2006-7

2007-8

2008-9

2009-10

2010-11

2011-12

2012-13

267.51279.53267.04319.1 300.65 297.4 299.91

344.37400.14

REGION WISE FISH PRODUCTION (2012-13)

patna region

trithut region

koshi region

bhagalpur region

darbhanga region

85.81

141.6

68.4454.03 50.7

TOTAL FISH SEED PRODUCTION

2004-5 2005-6 2006-7 2007-8 2008-9 2009-10

2010-11

2011-12

318.31349.94 330.46 309.53302.9899999

99999330.78

275.11244.37

SWOT ANALYSIS

Strength:- Abundant resource of water available in Bihar. Government aware about fishery sector, various programmes run

by them. High demand of fish in national market as well as international

market. Cheap labour is available Integrated fish culture provide other business opportunity. Weakness:- Lack of technical knowledge about fishery sector. Lack of good quality of fish seed. Lack of infrastructure. Diversified water resource in a district. Poor physical status of majority of ponds Heavy siltation of ponds Lack of Technical know-how Regular occurrence of flood & drought

CONT---

Opportunity:- To become a surplus state in fishery. To become a employment providing sector. Integrated fish culture provides scope for

other sector also. To established fish processing industry Threat:- Threat from neighbouring state. Climatic threat. Sudden cause of fish disease.

CONCLUSION

After analysis of Data, Table, and Graph, find that (I) Bihar has abundant water resource and there is

opportunity to develop this sector. (ii) Present production 2.2 ha/annum become triple if

some measure taken by government to develop this sector. (iii) It also become a great employment sector. (iv) There has been a steady increase in fish production in

period 2010-13 and its share in total agriculture GDP has nearly double in last 5 years.

(v) Fishermen in the state are being trained to increase productivity of fishery sector.

(vi) Loans are being granted for maintance and renovation of privately owned ponds in state. Government started various programme and provide subsidiary to fishermen to develop this sector.

 

SUGGESTION

FOR FISHERMEN Must take part in training organised by Bank and Government. Use good quality of fish. Use modern technology. Culture fish as integrated method. Culture fish for commercial level. Return Bank installement timely to make good relation with bank.

FOR BANK To fix easy criteria for loan section for fishery sector. Sanction loan at timely. Organised programme for fishery sector. To coordinate with government programme run for fishery sector

development Take active part in this sector Established a fishery special branch where fishery activity done. 

CONT--

FOR GOVERNMENT Made framework to develop fishery sector. To appoint technical person at block level. Organised training time to time. Provide good quality of fish seed at subsidiary rate. Provide modern technology at subsidiary rate e.g.-

solar pump. To established organised market structure for fishery. To coordinate bank with fishery programme. To make bridge between Bank and fishermen.

ACTION PLAN

To maximum utilisation of available water resource by integrated fish culture.

To provide technical knowledge. To organise training. To provide technical expert. Micro-finance provided to marginal fishermen.

PROMOTION:- Government provide subsidiary on fish seed, fish feed,

solar pump. Provide subsidiary on renovation of pond and new

developed pond. Bank provide loan at low interest. Established well organised market for fish.