Sustaining the Kaantabay saKauswagan Program in

Naga City Strengths, Challenges and

Recommendations

Allison Jones & Lang LangUBC School of Community and Regional Planning

Naga Planning Studio CourseJune 7, 2007

Presentation Agenda• Kaantabay sa

Kauswagan• Challenges to

Sustainability• Research Findings• Case Studies• Recommendations

What is Kaantabay sa Kauswagan ?

• Social housing progam• Initiated by Urban Poor

Associations• Established in 1997• Pro poor tenure

security policy

The Strengths of Kaantabay

• Avoids displacement• Pursues on site and

resettlement land acquisitions

• Negotiates with landowners

• Prioritizes most vulnerable

Urban Poor Settlement Locations

Multisectoral Program• Partnerships

•NGOs

•National Housing Agencies

•World Bank

•NCUPF

•Bgy Associations

The Challenges for Sustainability

1. Cost Recovery

Rat e of Ful l , Par t i al , and NonePai d Househol ds

PARTI AL37%

NONE24%

FULL17%

N. A.22%

PARTI AL NONE FULL N. A.

Figure 1: Rate of Partial, Full, and None Paymentcomparison between on site and off site

41%

17% 16%

26%28%

41%

20%

12%

0%5%

10%15%20%25%30%35%40%45%

PARTIAL NONE FULL N.A.ra

te

On si t e Of f si t e

The Challenges for Sustainability

2. Reselling and Gentrification in Beneficiary Areas

The Challenges for Sustainability3. Expansion of the social housing program

• Growing population• Increasing land price• Limited government

resources

The Challenges for Sustainability

4. Institutional Barriers • Administration of

collection system• Housing Policy and

Implementation Disconnect

• Limited Funding Streams

• Bayadnihan under-resourced

Findings from Interviews

1. Many positive changes have taken place in the lives of beneficiaries.

2. Livelihood difficulty is the key reason for delaying repayment and reselling.

Findings from Interviews

3. Multi-layered “social preparation” is needed.

• Job training• Financial management• Ownership management

Findings from Interviews

• Localization of repayment collection

• USUFRUCT• Cooperative ownership• Using repayment as

community development fund

4.Controversial views of possible changes in program management

Case Study 1: Community ContributionIlo, Peru

Resources for new resettlements

• Similar context: rapid population growth, trust in government, social housing priority

• Multisectoral partnerships: Community management committees, NGO’s and local gov’t

• Homelot preparation is jointly finance and managed

• Varied funding strategies• Beneficiaries pay cost of urban servicing• Community investment at the front end

Ilo, Peru: Shared Participation

Ilo, PeruApplicability to Naga

• Strong barangayassociations

• Culture of Bayanihan• Precedent examples

Case Study 2: Woodward’s Redevelopment Vancouver, Canada

New Resources for Social Housing Expansion• Revitalization catalyst• Private public partnership

200 social housing units500 market rate units

• Financially self sustaining• Provides employment

opportunities for residents

CVancouver, CanadaApplicability to Naga

• 20% set aside requirement

• Local ordinance support

• Land Use Plan

Case Study 3: Community Land Trust Voi, Kenya

Preventing resellingStrengths• Community ownership prevents reselling land• Individual right to use, sell improvement and

pass on to children• Collective accessibility of capital

Voi, KenyaApplicability to Naga

• Similar social conditions• Strong community

organization • Pro-poor policy• Experience of Community

Mortgage

Case Study 4: Micro-financing, Payatas, Metro Manila

Saving schemes to improve repayment rateStrengths

• Saving schemes• Opportunity for the poor to access small-scale loan• NGO-initiated financing program, share

responsibility with government• Self-financing, relieve financial burden of the

government

Payatas, Metro ManilaApplicability to Naga

• Filipino context• Strong community

organizations• Tradition of

participation • Experience of Metro

PESO micro-financing program

Recommendations

• Improve implementation of “social preparation” programs

CertificationLeadership DevelopmentOngoing SupportTargetsInformation TransferComprehensive

Recommendations• Increase efficiency in Kaantabay program

administration

Bridge the GapDevolve CollectionDocumentConsult

Revise IncentivesModify EnforceDiversify Options

Recommendations• Open conduits to new funding sources

Private SectorPublic Private PartnershipsBarangay ContributionsMicrofinanceNational Funding

Recommendations• Adopt a comprehensive, integrated

approach

LivelihoodTransportationNutrition and Urban AgricultureGender EquityEducationYouth Development

Salamat…thank you, Naga!