Unit I Lesson 11

The Struggle for Ratification and the Bill of Rights

Essential Questions:

• What are the origins of American government?

• What type of government was established at the Constitutional Convention of 1789?

• How was our government shaped by the historical situation at the time and the philosophical tradition that influenced the framers of the constitution?

9/13

September 1787

“Federalists”

Washington

MadisonHamilton

“Anti-Federalists”

George Mason

Rufus King

Thomas Jefferson

Patrick Henry

“Give me liberty or give me death!”

Franklin

Hamilton

Madison

Mason King Henry Jefferson

Federalists

AntiFederalists

John Jay

“Ratify”

1

2

3 13/13

Washington

The Federalist Papers- A collection of 85 essays written by supporters of the Constitution promoting the document’s merits

and arguing for its ratification by the states

Hamilton

Madison

Jay

Anonymously Federalism

1

2

3

85 Essays

85

Hamilton

Federalist No. 7“America would appear to

Britain as a ripe apple waiting to be plucked…”

Jay

Federalist No. 9“We shall become an infinity of little, jealous, clashing commonwealths, the

wretched nurseries of unceasing discord”

85

The Federalist No. 10 – Federalist Paper written by James Madison arguing that a large and diverse nation is the best way to guard citizens against “factions” who dominate the minority

Madison

“The smaller the society the more frequently the majority will oppress the minority. If ,however, you extend the sphere to take in a greater variety of

interests you make it less probable a majority will invade the rights of others”

–Federalist No. 10

TheMinority

Oppress theMinority

–Federalist No. 10 Diverse

9/13

“Ratify”

85

And Yet, 8 Months Later…

8/13

9/13

Anti-Federalists

Jefferson

Anti-Federalists

X

XX

XX

Jefferson

James Madison“Father of the Constitution”

Anti-Federalists

Jefferson

“Hell Yeah Man!”

The Bill of Rights- The first ten Amendments to the U.S. Constitution added to protect the rights of

American citizens from the national government

The U.S. Constitution

13/13Anti-Federalists

Ratified by All Thirteen States!

Madison

10 Amendments (Additions or

Changes)

2/3rds 2/3rds

3/4 10 Amendments

Generally speaking, before the addition of the Bill of Rights Anti-federalists felt that the

government created by the U. S. Constitution was:

A. An insufficient check on the power of the states

B. Too strong and too centralized

C. Necessary to prevent re-colonization by Great Britain

D. Not strong enough to be effective

 

The Federalists Papers were written to:

A. Promote George Washington for President

B. Make a case for adding a bill of rights to the Constitution

C. Encourage states to return to the Articles of Confederation

D. Persuade hesitant states like New York and Virginia to ratify the Constitution

 

In Federalist Paper No. 10, James Madison argued that factions in a republic are:

A. A more serious threat if the republic is large

B. Not likely to occur if people are honest

C. Natural but more controllable in a large republic

D. Not possible as long as the government has the support of the people

 

The original intent of the Bill of Rights was to:

A. Guarantee citizens civil liberty protections from state governments

B. Ensure the right to vote for all citizens

C. End discrimination against freed slaves

D. Protect citizens and states from an overly powerful national government

Ratification of the Constitution:

A. Occurred when it was signed by the delegates at the Constitutional Convention

B. Happened when the delegates declared their independence from Great Britain

C. Needed the approval of nine of the thirteen states

D. Needed unanimous approval of all thirteen states

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bO7FQsCcbD8