Advocacy for the Human Rights of

Trafficked Persons

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 1

Dr. Rey Ty

Dr. Rey Ty

Synthesis Human Rights Plans Action

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 2

Outline

On 2 HandsBible Newspaper

Workshop•One major thing you learned?

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05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 5

1?2?3?

Three Requirements?

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 6

1. Act

2. Means

3. Purpose

Three Requirements

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 7

1. ActRecruitment Transport

Transfer

Harbor Receipt of Person

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 8

2. MeansCoercion Abduction

Deception

Abuse of Power

Vulnerable Position

3. Purpose of Exploitation

Forced Labor

Forced Sexual

Exploitation

Organ Removal

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 9

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 10

Paradigm Shift1. From Crime2. To Human Rights3. Why? Difference?

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 11

© 2012 Rey Ty

Human Beings

Contradictions & Dialectical Historical Development in Time & Space

Necessity, Oppressive Consciousness & Structure

Economy

Polit

icsCulture

Ideo

logy

Freedom, Liberating Consciousness & Agency

Class

Gender

Colo

rAbilities

Soci

ety N

aturePhilo

Ethics

Difference

Uniq

uene

ss

Age

Psych

12

3

Ethnicity

Centrifugal Forces

Centripetal Forces

© 2010 Rey Ty

Past Future

Present

Theory of

Change

Question•What are some major problems affecting Nature & Society?

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 13

Nature• 3,272,045 Forest loss this year (hectares)• 4,405,061 Land lost to soil erosion this year

(ha)• 23,490,230,999 CO2 emissions this year

(tons)• 7,550,136 Desertification this year (hectares)• 6,161,151 tons Toxic chemicals released • in the environment this year

http://www.worldometers.info/

climate change?05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 15

What is

05/03/2023 Rey Ty 16

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 17

https://www.climaterealityproject.org/blog/see-earth-temperature-spiral

Climate Change in 1 Slide The mercury does not lie: we have hit a troubling climate

change milestone. (Boston Globe, March

5, 2016)http://www.bostonglobe.com/opinion/2016/03/04/why-degree-temperature-jump-more-important-than-trump-hands/lCyz5MHZkH8aD0HIDJrcYJ/story.html?event=event25

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 18

Climate Change 1850 - 2100

http://www.countercurrents.org/2016/07/04/what-would-a-global-warming-increase-of-1-5-degrees-be-like/

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 19

https://www.climaterealityproject.org/blog/climate-change-explained-10-cartoons?utm_source=email-newsletter&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=General

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 20

Climate Change

• The Paris climate conference (Dec 2015) pledged to keep warming “well below 2 degrees Celsius” & to “pursue efforts” to limit it to 1.5 C.

U.N.’s Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)

https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2015/dec/12/paris-climate-deal-key-points

http://america.aljazeera.com/articles/2015/12/12/paris-deal-sets-path-to-limit-warming-to-15-c.html

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 21

Climate Change• The mercury doesn’t lie: We’ve hit a

troubling climate change milestone• Across the northern hemisphere, the

temperature, if only for a few hours, apparently crossed a line: it was more than two degrees Celsius above “normal” for the first time in recorded history and likely for the first time in the course of human civilization.

Bill McKibben, Boston Globe, March 5, 2016

http://www.bostonglobe.com/opinion/2016/03/04/why-degree-temperature-jump-more-important-than-trump-hands/lCyz5MHZkH8aD0HIDJrcYJ/story.html?event=event25

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 22

The 1.5C passage from the Paris agreement.

https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2015/dec/12/paris-climate-deal-key-points

Climate Change

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 23

Curbing Warming by 1.5 Degrees

Prevent formation of ice-free Arctic in

summer

Save the Amazon

rainforest

Prevent Siberian tundra from melting (releasing methane)

Save coastal areas & islands from

permanent flooding

http://www.countercurrents.org/2016/07/04/what-would-a-global-warming-increase-of-1-5-degrees-be-like/

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 24

•  Feeding Climate Change: Oxfam says companies must make drastic emissions cuts.

•Or else, Paris Agreement’s goals of “net-zero” emissions by the middle of the century & limit global warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius will not be met.

Food Carbon Footprints

https://www.oxfam.org/en/pressroom/pressreleases/2016-06-27/just-five-food-commodities-produce-more-greenhouse-gases-any

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 25

http://www.vox.com/2016/8/18/12520344/climate-change-goals-reality-one-chart

The ludicrous gulf between our

climate change goals and reality,

in one chart.Updated by David Roberts on August 18, 2016

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 26

05/03/2023 Rey Ty 27

Threats to Drinking Water1. Agriculture2. Fossil fuel production3. Sewage4. Pharmaceuticals5. Land Use Change (“Development”)6. Climate Change

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 28

https://thinkprogress.org/6-human-activities-that-pose-the-biggest-threat-to-the-worlds-drinking-water-7e7a2d881cbe#.r0s3l43x6

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 29

http://www.wri.org/blog/2015/08/ranking-world%E2%80%99s-most-water-stressed-countries-2040

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 30Access to Water

Consumer Food• 14.5% of greenhouses gases come

from farming (meat & dairy)• That’s more than all the vehicles,

trucks, planes, ships, & trains on Earth

• If continued, emissions could rise to 73% by 2050

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 31https://www.facebook.com/theguardian/videos/10153458263351323/

Consumer

Food05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 32

https://www.facebook.com/MarchAgainstMonstanto/photos/a.566016720083519.1073741828.566004240084767/1236663393018845/?type=3&theater

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 33http://www.propane.ca/en/about-propane/environmental-benefits

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 34

Global Crisis• Every hour…1. 3.7 million barrels of oil are extracted from

the Earth2. 932,000 tons of coal are removed from Earth3. 395 million cubic meters of natural gas are

removed from Earth4. 4.1 million tons of carbon dioxide are put

into the Earth’s atmosphere5. 9,300 more people inhabit the Earth

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 35http://www.globalresearch.ca/as-climate-disruption-advances-un-warns-the-future-is-happening-now/5523661

http://www.truth-out.org/news/item/35860-as-climate-disruption-advances-un-warns-the-future-is-happening-now

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 36

The Global Security Defense Index on Climate Change

Military Perspectives on Climate Change From Around the World

http://www.americansecurityproject.org/climate-energy-and-security/climate-change/gsdicc/

Problem•“Profiting from death, devastation , and destruction is the norm.”

• By Colin Todhunter, June 05, 201605/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 37

http://www.globalresearch.ca/on-world-environment-day-profiting-from-death-devastation-and-destruction-is-the-norm/5529090

Global Crisis•United Nations: Global Destruction of Nature on Fast Track

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 38http://www.globalresearch.ca/global-destruction-of-mother-earth-on-fast-track-un-assessment/5526380

Crisis• U.N. on Asia Pacific (2016): “Increasing

unsustainable consumption patterns have led to worsening air pollution, water scarcity and waste generation, threatening human and environmental health. Increased demand for fossil fuels and natural resources – extensive agriculture, palm oil and rubber plantations, aquaculture and the illegal trade in wildlife – are causing environmental degradation and biodiversity loss.”05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 39

http://www.globalresearch.ca/global-destruction-of-mother-earth-on-fast-track-un-assessment/5526380

05/03/2023 Rey Ty 40

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 41

Climate Change Vulnerability

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 42

Climate Change

Performance Index

Contradictions1. Tension between

economic forces of production &

• the conditions of nature

2. Tension between

production &

• biological & social reproduction

3. Tension between the 1 %

&

• The 99%

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 43

https://www.dhushara.com/book/renewal/voices2/recol.htm

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 44

Contradictions• Globalized

corporate entities fund lobbyists to claim that climate change is a hoax.

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 45

Conservative Funders of Climate Denial Are Quietly Spending Millions To Generate More Partisan Journalism

https://www.desmogblog.com/2016/06/16/conservative-funders-climate-denial-are-quietly-spending-millions-create-more-partisan-journalism

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 46

Contradictions•There is a tension between economic globalization and Nature.

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 47

Contradictions• Global North (20%)

account for 90% of yearly greenhouse gas emissions over the past 100 years through fossil fuel burning (coal, oil, gas)

http://www.oikoumene.org/en/resources/documents/wcc-programmes/justice-diakonia-and-responsibility-for-creation/climate-change-water/globalization-and-climate-change

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 48

TNCs move to South to avoid strict

environmental laws

With free trade, gov’ts can’t impose environmental laws

Southern rainforests destroyed for exotic

wood for N

& beef for Northern

hamburgers

Economic Globalization

https://www.oikoumene.org/en/resources/documents/wcc-programmes/justice-diakonia-and-responsibility-for-creation/climate-change-water/globalization-and-climate-change

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 49

Climate Change Encompasses

Ecological Social

Economic Politicalhttps://www.oikoumene.org/en/resources/documents/wcc-programmes/justice-diakonia-and-responsibility-for-creation/climate-change-water/globalization-and-climate-change

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 50

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 51

Five Common Foods Produce More Greenhouse Gas Emissions Than Nearly All Countries

Rice, soy, corn, wheat, & palm oil

https://www.oxfamamerica.org/press/just-five-food-commodities-produce-more-greenhouse-gases-than-any-country-except-emissions-giants-china-and-the-us/

Except China & the U.S.A.Big Corporate Agri-Business & GMO Biotech “Seeds of Destruction”

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 52

This global map shows the concentration of nitrogen dioxide in the troposphere

http://www.nasa.gov/press-release/new-nasa-satellite-maps-show-human-fingerprint-on-global-air-quality/

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 53https://lance.modaps.eosdis.nasa.gov/firemaps/firemap.2010061-2010070.4096x2048.jpg

NASA’s Fire Map

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 54

Food Carbon Footprints• Greenhouse gases produced by each commodity

577,404,570,000 m3-equivalents 92 Billion m3-equivalents

15 Billion m3-equivalents418 Billion m3-equivalents

145 Billion m3-equivalents

11.9 Billion m3-

equivalents

https://policy-practice.oxfamamerica.org/work/climate-change/food-commodity-footprints/

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 55

• Latest global temperature data by NASA: April was

1.11°C above 1951-1980 average, warmest April ever by 0.24˘C.

Crisis of Climate Change

http://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/hottest-april-2016-nasa_us_57394f3ae4b060aa781aa334

April 2016 was the hottest April in recorded history.

Global Crisis•Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide Concentration Has Passed the Point of No Return

• By Dahr Jamail, Global Research, May 27, 2016, Truthout 23 May 2016

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 56http://www.globalresearch.ca/atmospheric-carbon-dioxide-concentration-has-passed-the-point-of-no-return/5527497

http://www.truth-out.org/news/item/36133-atmospheric-carbon-dioxide-concentration-has-passed-the-point-of-no-return

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 57

• Rising Sea Levels Swallow 5 Pacific IslandsCrisis of Climate Change

http://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/solomon-islands-swallowed-climate-change_us_5730f200e4b0bc9cb047b77b?slideshow=true

Crisis• Globalization

benefits the 1%

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 58

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 59

62 persons 7.2 billion own same

wealth as ½ of the world

https://moblog.wiredwings.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/04/tumblr_lft4ivgT5h1qznaf9o1_500.jpg

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 60

Few rich benefit from exploiting the environment which cause destruction of Nature & the suffering of the majority.

Crisis

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 61

The Problem lies with globalized corporations & agri-business which control resources, influence governments, exploit cheap labor, & destroy nature.

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 62

Philosophical

Economic

Political

Cultural

Social

Nature

Structural Problems

Structural Problems

Economic

Globalization, economic growth model, consumerism

Political

Governments support globalization

Gender

Patriarchal structure of domination

Nature

Mining, Deforestation, agri-business: Destroy Nature

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 63

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 64

Causes of Climate Change

1. Human Activities

2. Industrial & Agri-Business Production Lead to Emitting Carbon Dioxide to Nature

3. Excessive Greenhouse Gases

4. Increased Global Temperature

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 65

Neoliberal Globalization

Neoliberal Globalization

Liberalization

Deregulation

Privatization

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 66

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 67

Problem• Scapegoating migrant

labor • “Economic and trade

policies have been a major contributor to their plight.”

http://www.progressive.org/news/2016/07/188830/global-trade-whats-good-progressive-do

Problem•Climate Change is Behind the Surge of Migrants to Europe (Time Magazine, Sept. 7, 2015)

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 68

http://time.com/4024210/climate-change-migrants/?xid=fbshare

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 69

PROBLEM:Transfer from Global North to

South

IndustryPost-Industrial

in the NorthIndustrial in

the South

LaborUnemployment in North

Cheap Labor in South

PollutionOne Atmosphere

Problem with Neoliberal GlobalizationGreed &

ProfitAccess to &

destroy nature

Export labor & exploit cheap

labor

Consume huge amount of

energy

Waste & pollution

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 70

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 71

•Unemployment in the North & Cheap Labor in the South

Problem with Globalization of Labor

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 72

Methane Gas: Poor suffer most

Problem:

Throwaway Society

Crisis of Overproduction & Overconsumption of

Disposable Commodities

Problem: Commodity Fetishism

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 73

Everything we do have a (high or low) carbon impact.

Alienation

Problem•Greed & profit at the expense of people and nature

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 74

Problem• ”Humans Are The Most Destructive

Species On Earth.”• “Our excuse – Cleansing, development

and progress – The irony of it all is we justify our destructive tendencies as intervention and manipulation.”

• By Pratap Antony, April 22, 201605/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 75

http://www.globalresearch.ca/earth-day-2016-humans-are-the-most-destructive-species-on-earth/5521372

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 76

The Worst HitThe Poor in the Poor & Rich Countries

Problems•TNCs, Mining, Agri-Business, Plantations, Land Grabs, Indigenous Peoples, Peasants, & Human Rights Violations

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 77http://www.globalresearch.ca/human-rights-violations-and-land-grabbing-linked-to-global-palm-oil-supply-chains/5523343

http://www.forestpeoples.org/topics/agribusiness/news/2016/05/indigenous-community-and-civil-society-leaders-call-action-human-ri

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 78

ProblemsTNCs Mining

Agri-Business Plantations

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 79

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 80

Greed & Profit Competition

Exploitation of Nature

Over-production

Problem with the Globalized Economic Growth Model

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 81

Mining Nature

Indigenous Peoples

Pollution

Peasants

Workers New Gadgets

The poor, marginalized, & dispossessed are

always affected.

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 82

Energy Source? Air Pollution?

Water Quality & Availability?

Land Use Change?

Climate Change?

http://www.adb.org/publications/environmental-issues-climate-changes-and-energy-security-developing-asia

What are our sources of energy?

Petroleum, Nuclear, Dams,

Geothermal, Biomass,

Sun, Wind , Tides,

Human, Mechanical , Animal, etc.

Carbon Footprint?

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 83

Atmospheric CO2 Level May Not Drop Below 400 ppm “Within Our Lifetimes”

in Climate Change — by Yale Environment 360 — June 28, 2016

http://www.countercurrents.org/2016/06/28/atmospheric-co2-level-may-not-drop-below-400-ppm-within-our-lifetimes/

ContradictionsGreed & Profitsvs. Nature & People

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 84

HarmonyCare,

Share, Cooperatio

n

People &

Nature

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 85

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 86

All Are InterconnectedA warm climate

changes: People

Agriculture

Irrigation Drinking

05/03/2023 Rey Ty 87

https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2014/mar/22/global-warming-hit-asia-hardest

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 88

http://www.worldmapideas.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/climate-map-global-risk-index-maps-professional-resources-crimaphighres-1.jpg

Climate Change Hits Asia HardestRising carbon

levelsGlobal warming

& heat waves

Ice melting in Himalayas etc.Rising sea levels

Flood, esp. crowded low cities & coasts

Decreased agricultural

production & Food Security

Lose HomesFamine

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 89

https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2014/mar/22/global-warming-hit-asia-hardest

http://www.skwirk.com/p-c_s-57_u-484_t-1319_c-5076/what-are-the-environmental-problems-faced-by-the-region-/qld/sose-geography/asia-pacific-challenges-world-environments/finding-solutions

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 90

http://www.adb.org/publications/environmental-issues-climate-changes-and-energy-security-developing-asia

Threat from Climate Change

Disasters•Heat waves, droughts, floods, & storms threaten lives

Thirst•Himalayan glaciers melt too fast

Hunger•Droughts, floods, & extreme weather destroy farmlands & crops

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 91

http://www.greenpeace.org/eastasia/campaigns/climate-energy/problems/impacts/

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 92

Impact of Climate Change

Sea level risesDying forests & melting glaciers

release greenhouse gases

Mangroves, coral reefs, glaciers

threatened

Species extinction &

biodiversity losshttp://www.greenpeace.org/eastasia/campaigns/climate-energy/problems/impacts/

Cities That Will be Hit First

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 93

https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/worldviews/wp/2013/10/09/map-these-are-the-cities-that-climate-change-will-hit-first/

Global Pollution ProblemWorst

Nort

heas

t Asia

China

South

Asia

India

Southeas

t Asia

Many countries

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 94http://matadornetwork.com/change/6-environmental-challenges-facing-southeast/

Many International Environmental Laws

Still, environmental concerns threaten human security

Governments encourage economic growth

At the expense of nature & sustainability

But make claims of balanced growth

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 95

http://www.fairobserver.com/region/central_south_asia/environmental-issues-southeast-asia/

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 96

Bio-FuelsGovernments support

bio-fuel as a step to reduce greenhouse

gases

Example: Palm oil monoculture in

S.E. Asia

But food prices

increase

DeforestationAnimals lose habitat & die

(e.g. orang utan)

http://www.fairobserver.com/region/central_south_asia/environmental-issues-southeast-asia/

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 97

Dams•Threat to functioning of Mekong River

http://www.fairobserver.com/region/central_south_asia/environmental-issues-southeast-asia/

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 98

Eco-Tourism•Well-intentioned•But cause irreversible impact on people’s livelihoods all over Southeast Asia

http://www.fairobserver.com/region/central_south_asia/environmental-issues-southeast-asia/

Issues are Borderless

Greenhouse Gas Emissions Rainforest Destruction Rising Sea Levels

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 99http://www.fairobserver.com/region/central_south_asia/environmental-issues-southeast-asia/

05/03/2023 Rey Ty 100

http://ejap.org/environmental-issues-in-asia/AirPollution.html

05/03/2023 Rey Ty 101

http://ejap.org/environmental-issues-in-asia/AirPollution.html

05/03/2023 Rey Ty 102

http://ejap.org/environmental-issues-in-asia/AirPollution.html

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 103

Kalimantan

Haze

Thailand

Philippines

Singapore

Brunei

Malaysia

Indonesia

Forests & Peat- Land Burning

http://broom02.revolvy.com/main/index.php?s=Southeast%20Asian%20haze

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 104

Upper Mekong River

China controls it

Build more dams

Result in mass

relocations

Cause social unrest & inter-country

tensions

http://www.fairobserver.com/region/central_south_asia/environmental-issues-southeast-asia/

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 105

Law vs. Impediments• Several laws were passed

1. Agreement on the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources in 1985

2. Agreement on Transboundary Haze Pollution in 2002• But there are constraints

1. Non-interference in domestic affairs2. Informality of negotiations3. Non-binding agreements (non-treaties)

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 106

Destruction of Nature

Causes• Urban excess; TNCs & Green revolution,

Chemical pesticides & fertilizers; Over fishing; Over use of groundwater; Over exploitation of natural resources; Municipal and industrial waste; Obsolescence Model; Supply-Side Economics

Effects• Lose biodiversity; Pollution; Soil erosion &

degradation; Deforestation; Hazardous Waste; Floods, landslides; Decreased access to clean water; Water-borne diseases; Climate Change

http://hernadi-key.blogspot.com/2009/02/6-major-environmental-problems-of-asia.html

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 107

Effects• Environmental Racism• The rich have bottled water & air

conditioner• The poor suffer the most from

–Economic and political domination–Environmental damage

AsiaMajor Problems1. Endangered species (elephants)2. Air pollution (worst: palm oil

companies)3. Coral reef destruction4. Deforestation5. Water (Himalayas)6. Increased urbanization

Solutions1. Conservation & nature preserves2. Zero-burn policies3. Reduce carbon footprint; 4. Use recycled wood; buy from companies

committed to zero deforestation5. Prevent deforestation6. Foster sustainable development with

low poverty level to produce less environmental impact

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 108http://matadornetwork.com/change/6-environmental-challenges-facing-southeast/

Shallow Ecology• Human-centered & utilitarian

only• Concerned only with pollution,

resource depletion, and “health & affluence of people in developed countries”

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 109http://www.ecodharma.com/articles-influences-audio/radical-ecology

Eco-InjusticeRoot Causes

• Flawed Economic, Political, & Security Models: Rich-Poor Gap, Mal-Development

Problem •Destruction of Nature

Effects • Greenhouse Gases• Climate change

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 110

Tasks Ahead

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 112

Agenda to Reduce Greenhouse Gas•To reduce or overcome climate change crisis

Tasks Ahead

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 113

Consciousness

Social Change

Climate Change

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 114By NRDC (Natural Resources Defense Council)

Poverty, Hunger, Health, Education, Empowerment, Water, Energy, Economic, Innovation, Equality, Community, Resource, Commitment, Oceans, Eco-System, Social Justice, Global, Our

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 115

Caution!Survival emission of the poor

Luxury emission of the rich

Need to distinguish between

https://www.oikoumene.org/en/resources/documents/wcc-programmes/justice-diakonia-and-responsibility-for-creation/climate-change-water/globalization-and-climate-change

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 116

https://www.facebook.com/PopulationMatters/photos/a.294081780665721.68364.120739704666597/1090857797654778/?type=3&theater

“Perceived gains in efficiency are quickly cancelled out by increased use and an ever growing number of consumers.”

Watch Out!

Tasks Ahead•Support slow food, local food, & grow food in pots & in our own backyard

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 117

Tasks Ahead• “…we cannot continue to ignore those

struggling at the forefront of climate change in communities relegated to the political margins. Not only have their environments been impacted by the production and consumption of resources for our industrialized world, but they also represent the leading edge of our own environmental future.05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 118http://www.umcmission.org/find-resources/new-world-outlook-magazine/2016/may/june/0621eraofclimatechange

Solidarity with the Grassroots

Tasks Ahead• “Fortunately, the current

grassroots struggles for climate justice are increasingly spearheaded by the impacted peoples themselves—low income people, people of color, and indigenous peoples.”

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 119http://www.umcmission.org/find-resources/new-world-outlook-magazine/2016/may/june/0621eraofclimatechange

Leadership from the Margins

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 120

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 121

Work towards eco-justice (while the greedy 1% pursue profits only).

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 122

https://www.climaterealityproject.org/blog/climate-change-explained-10-cartoons?utm_source=email-newsletter&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=General

Dominant Economic Model•Greed reduces nature into “resources” to be mastered, exploited, controlled, destroyed, & used for profit & “economic growth” 05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 123

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 124

Traditional Security•Cold War•Military power

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 125

Non-Traditional Security

•Human Security

Non-Traditional Security

Climate Change Resource Scarcity

Natural Disaster Trans-national Crime

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 126

http://www.fairobserver.com/region/central_south_asia/environmental-issues-southeast-asia/

Not EnoughMarket IncentivesTechnological Fixes

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 127

Question•What are some major solutions ?

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 128

Tasks AheadEconomi

c reforms

not enough

Need to transfor

m

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 129

Tasks Ahead

Protecting

nature go hand

in hand with

economic justice

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 130

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 131

https://www.facebook.com/telesurenglish/photos/a.492297374247003.1073741828.479681268841947/865259693617434/?type=3&theater

TeleSUR

Bring Power Back to the People

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 132

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 133

Tasks Ahead• Solidarity with

women who reject economic system that abuses…

Women

Nature

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 134

Structural Response

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 135http://coub.com/view/4rjre.gifv https://coub.com/view/4rjre

Economic

Political

Natural

Issues are Borderless

Trans-national Problems Multi-lateral Actions Trans-national & Local Solutions

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 136http://www.fairobserver.com/region/central_south_asia/environmental-issues-southeast-asia/

Actions

Dialogue Laws

Implementation

Direct Action

Civil Disobedie

nce

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 137

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 138

Main Actors1. Local environmental

groups, peasants, indigenous peoples, labor,

poor, oppressed, NGOs

2. Governmen

tsInternatio

nal organizations: UN,

etc.

Regional organizati

ons: ASEAN, SAARC

Governments in each

country

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 139https://www.facebook.com/GlobalPeaceIndex/photos/a.93013399748.82630.92288319748/10154414169094749/?type=3

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 140https://www.facebook.com/CitizensClimateLobby/photos/a.10150653697900808.374709.310925405807/10153655361650808/?type=3&theater

800 citizen lobbyists gather on capital hill to

advocate for climate solutions. This is

democracy in action! #CCL2016 —

at US Capitol Washington, DC

From Eco-Injustice

•To Eco-Justice05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 141

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 142

Mainstream Alternative

Energy

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 143

Eco-Justice• Link together “environmental”

and social justice issues• Link together deep ecology

(Arne Naess, 1972) and social ecology

• Don’t forget social classes!

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 144

Philosophical

Economic

Political

Cultural

Social

Nature

Structural Solutions

Tasks AheadWe need action! Not just lip service.

Talk is necessary but not sufficient.

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 145

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 146https://www.climaterealityproject.org/blog/our-land-our-climate-our-future

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 147

Support ending coal mining in our public lands today.

https://www.climaterealityproject.org/blog/our-land-our-climate-our-future

Tasks Ahead1. End neoliberal

globalization control over Nature & our lives

2. End reliance on carbon-based fossil fuels (coal, oil, & gas)

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 148

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 149

Tasks Ahead• It’s not about trade or no trade.• It’s about who makes laws & who benefits.

http://www.progressive.org/news/2016/07/188830/global-trade-whats-good-progressive-do

ProfitsFor whom?

At whose expense?05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 150

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 151

https://twitter.com/DFAaction/status/750396482965024769/photo/1?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 152

Despite What Media Says, TPP Isn’t About Free Trade — It’s About Protecting Corporate Profits

https://theintercept.com/2016/07/05/despite-what-media-says-tpp-isnt-about-free-trade-its-about-helping-corporations/

Tasks Ahead• “Free trade” without

enough provisions to protect Nature have damaging consequences

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 153

• International Trade

Tasks Ahead•Stop sending pollution from the Global North to the Global South

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 154

• International Pollution

Tasks AheadTransportation• Expand,

Promote, & Use Mass Transit–Train–Bus

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 155

Tasks AheadConsumer Food

•Eat less beef (14x more warming effect than chicken)

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 156

Veggies to Combat Climate Change• Oxford found that

emissions from food production will eat up a whopping 50% of our carbon budget in a few decades

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 157http://www.vox.com/2016/7/7/12106708/impossible-foods-ezra-klein-show?utm_campaign=vox.social&utm_medium=social&utm_content=voxdotcom&utm_source=facebook

Tasks Ahead

Tasks AheadConsumer Food

•Eat less eggs (eggless mayo) & more plant-based food

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 158

http://www.huffingtonpost.com/entry/josh-tetrick-dreamforce_us_55f8b3c4e4b0b48f67013136

Grassroots Democracy

Nature & People before Greed & Profits (Exploitation,

War, Inequality, Poverty)

Sustainable Development & Economic Democracy: Equity,

Equality, Green Jobs

Political Democracy: People’s Participation & Decision Making, Positive Indigenous Knowledge,

Skills & Values

Cultural Democracy: Respect Pluralism

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 159

International Solidarity with

Environmental Movement Democratic & Progressive (including Religious) Forces

Consumer Movement Working Class05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 160

We Need…Political Will:

Long-term planning

Undoing, Rethinking, & New

Development Models

Focus on Sustainability

& Conservation05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 161

Tasks AheadExpose & Oppose

• Flawed Economic, Political, & Security Models: Rich-Poor Gap, Mal-Development

• Destruction of Nature

Propose • Alternative Economic, Political, & Security Models

• Respect of Nature05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 162

Tasks AheadCrisis: Expose & Oppose• Economic Model• Political Model• Traditional Security

Model• Destruction of Nature

Actors• Grassroots

Organizations• Governments• Regional Organizations• International

Organizations

Propose Outputs & Outcomes• Alternative Sustainable

Economic, Political, Environmental, & Security Models

• Environmental Laws with Sanctions

• Alternative Lifestyle

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty163

Integrated Justice

Economic

Political

Cultural

Social

Nature

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 164

New Structures

Economic

Respect for Nature

Political

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 165

• Caring, Sharing, Nature & People over Greed & Profits

• Grassroots Economic, Political, & Cultural Empowerment

CulturalSocial

Social

Transformation From Greed & Profit to Nature & People FirstFrom Exploitation to Mutual BenefitFrom Competition to CooperationFrom Domination to Harmony From the 1% Financial Elite to the 99%From Patriarchy to EcofeminismFrom Selfishness to CaringFrom Greed to SharingFrom Destruction to Nurturing

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 166

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 167

Put Nature & People First,

Especially the Poor & the Oppressed,

Not Greed & Profits!

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 168

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 169

Care forCommon Good

Country &

One’s Religion

Community

&

Group

Self & Family

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 170

Tasks Ahead•Defy Economic Globalization!

•Defend Life!

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 171

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 172

© 2016 Rey Ty

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 173

© 2016 Rey Ty

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 174https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1gAQ82IHyZ8

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 175

Tasks Ahead• On globalization:

“There is a populist response from the left and the right. Elites should pay attention.”

http://www.progressive.org/news/2016/07/188830/global-trade-whats-good-progressive-do

Which Planet Earth?

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 176

Economic Globalization, Countries, or Nature?

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 177

Tasks AheadDeuteronomy 16:20

• “Justice, and only justice, you shall follow, that you may live and inherit the land that the LORD your God is giving you.”

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 178

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 179

Ecumenically pursue Eco-Justice!

Work for Equality & Nature

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 180http://www.countercurrents.org/2016/07/04/equality-and-sustainability-can-we-have-both/

Thank You!

05/03/2023 Rey Ty 181

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 182https://www.theguardian.com/environment/gallery/2014/sep/21/peoples-climate-march-in-new-york-in-pictures?CMP=fb_us

Fair Use• In good faith, this work contains fair use of copyrighted and non-copyrighted

images from the public domain & the web for non-commercial & nonprofit educational purposes.

• This work is distributed free of charge.• The author has neither monetized this work nor sought any profit from its

distribution.• Copyright Disclaimer Under Section 107 of the Copyright Act 1976: Allowance is

made for fair use for purposes such as criticism, comment, news reporting, teaching, scholarship, and research. Fair use is a use permitted by copyright statute that might otherwise be infringing. Non-profit, educational or personal use tips the balance in favor of fair use.

• This work contains original work of commentary and critical analysis. • Quotations are attributed to the original authors and sources.

05/03/2023 183Rey Ty

05/03/2023 Dr. Rey Ty 184

References• Provided in pertinent slides.• Interview with Dr. Abram Bicksler of Echo Asia

Impact Center. (2016). echonet.org/• Environment articles. (2016). Center for

Research on Globalization. http://www.globalresearch.ca/theme/environment

• David Hallman. (2002). Globalization & Climate Change. WCC. https://www.oikoumene.org/en/resources/documents/wcc-programmes/justice-diakonia-and-responsibility-for-creation/climate-change-water/globalization-and-climate-change

Nature & Society:Crisis of Climate Change & Eco-Justice in

Our Common Home

Dr. Rey Ty

05/03/2023 Rey Ty 186