John Locke’s ideasState of Nature- life without laws, rules, or government. Survival of the fittest

Natural rights-All persons are guaranteed life, liberty, and property

Social Contract Theory- in order to be a part of society and enjoys safety each person must give up some rights and freedoms this includes following laws.

The Harm Principle

• THESE LAWS PROTECT PEOPLE FROM BEING HARMED BY OTHERS.

• Examples include• Violent crimes such as murder and rape • Property crimes such as vandalism and robbery

• These laws act as the parent and prevent self-harm• Examples• Compulsory attendance ( education)• Child neglect laws• Illegal drugs

The Parental Principle

• Law that promote personal morality they can be grounded in religious beliefs.

Example-Hate speech laws in Europe-Prostitution and other sex industry

The Morality Principle

Donation Principle• This law donates or grants goods or services of some kind to its

citizens. • These goods or services are not free as they come from taxes that

citizens are mandated to pay.

• Examples• Social Security• Free education• Tax breaks for purchasing energy efficient products

The Statist Principle• Laws that are intended to protect government from harm, these can

be the most dangerous to civil liberties. • These may be essential for stability and national security.

Examples-Laws against treason and espionage-Patriot Act- giving government the opportunity to spy without a search warrant on suspected terrorist-Japanese Internment camps