Colony Collapse Disorder (CCD) in Honey Bees A Lecture By

Mr Allah Dad Khan

Colony Collapse Disorder is the phenomenon that occurs when the majority of worker bees in a colony disappear and leave behind a queen, plenty of food and a few nurse bees to care for the remaining immature bees and the queen.

But hives cannot sustain themselves without worker bees and would eventually die. This combination of events resulting in the loss of a bee colony has been called Colony Colapse Disorder

Colony Collapse Disorder

Caste Of Bees In A Hive-Drone (Male Bee) 2,000-Female Worker Bee 60,000-Queen 1

QUEEN, DRONES AND WORKERS IN A HIVE

There have been many theories about the cause of CCD, but the researchers who are leading the effort to find out why are now focused on these factors:

Increased losses due to the invasive varroa mite (a pest of honey bees).

New or emerging diseases such as Acute Paralysis virus and the gut parasite Nosema.

Pesticide poisoning through exposure to pesticides applied to crops or for in-hive insect or mite control.

Stress bees experience due to management practices such as transportation to multiple locations across the country for providing pollination services. 

Changes to the habitat where bees forage. Inadequate forage/poor nutrition. Potential immune-suppressing stress on bees caused by one or a

combination of factors identified above

Why It's Happening

Global warming, which has caused flowers to bloom earlier or later than usual. When pollinators come out of hibernation, the flowers that provide the food they need to start the season have already bloomed.

Global Warming

Habitat loss brought about by development, abandoned farms, growing crops without leaving habitat for wildlife, and growing gardens with flowers that are not friendly to pollinators. n Parasites such as harmful mites

Habitat loss

The plan has four main components: Survey/Data Collection to determine the extent of CCD and the

current status of honey bee colony production and health. Analysis of Bee Samples to determine the prevalence of various

pests and pathogens, bee immunity and stress, and exposure to pesticides.

Hypothesis-Driven Research on four candidate factors including:◦ new and reemerging pathogens,◦ bee pests,◦ environmental and nutritional stresses, and◦ pesticides.

Mitigative/Preventive Measures to improve bee health and habitat and to counter mortality factors.

Source : The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) is leading the federal government response to CCD 2007

What is Being Done