Ch. 2 Lesson 1

What is Inside a Cell?

cell

• basic building block that makes up all living things

cellfunctions

take in

food

get rid of

wastes

growget

energy

respondto

environ-ment

nucleus

cytoplasm

cell wallcell wallchloroplastschloroplasts

cell membrane

cell membrane

nucleus

cytoplasm

vacuole

vacuole

mitochondria

mitochondria

cell parts functions

• cell membrane

• surrounds cell-holds it together

• allows materials to pass in & out of cell

• nucleus • contains chromosomes (DNA)

cell parts functions

• cytoplasm • between cell membrane &

nucleus• mitochondria • produce energy

by cellular

respiration

cell parts functions

• vacuole • stores H20 & breaks

down materials

• cell wall cell wall

(only in plants)(only in plants)

• outside cell membrane

• gives extra support &

protection• chloroplastschloroplasts

(only in (only in

plants)plants)

• uses Sun’s energy to

make food (sugar) &

oxygen

• The cell walls of these onion skin cells can be seen in the

photograph below.

An Elodea leaf magnified 400X. The numerous green structures are

chloroplasts.

PICTURE OF A REAL CELL MEMBRANE

• It has been magnified so that we can see it!

The nuclei can be seen in the photograph of human cheek cells

below.

The Parts of a Cell

The Size of Cells

• How Big is a Cell?

• Cells have a limit to how big or small they can be.

cell membrane• surrounds cell-holds it together

• allows materials to pass in & out of cell

cell•basic building block that makes up all living things

cytoplasm•between cell membrane & nucleus

chloroplast•found in plant cells

•uses Sun’s energy to

make food (sugar) &

oxygen

cell wall• found in plants outside the cell membrane

• gives extra support &

protection

vacuole

•stores H20 & breaks down materials

mitochondria•produce energy by cellular respiration

cytoplasm

cell membrane

mitochondria

chloroplast

cell wall

vacuole

Cell parts in plants and animals

The skin on the Barbie doll is like the cell membrane of a cell because both are outside surfaces, and allow substances to pass in and out of the cell.

Cell Analogy Project

Edible Animal CellEdible Animal Cell• cell membrane = plastic bag

• Jello = cytoplasm

• 2 raisins = mitochondria

• 1 pear = nucleus

• 2 peaches = vacuoles