A Move towards Digital India : Library’s Essential Role in Digitization

Dr. Atul BhattAssociate Professor

Department of Library and Information Science

Gujarat University

Library Resources Centre, Institute of lawDepartment of Library and Information Science, Gujarat University

World Environment Day

Department of Library and Information Science, Gujarat University

Outline

Overview of Digital India – Vision and Mission

Digital India: Initiative (DII)

Digital Library Projects in India

Future of the Libraries and Library Profession

Learners Expectations from Academic Libraries

Things We Would Do Differently

Efforts to Meeting Challenges

Marketing and Promotion – Role of Social Media

Concluding Remarks

We want to have one mission and target: Take the nation forward –Digitally, and Economically – Shri Narendra Modi


Overview of Digital India – Vision and Mission

•Announced prestigious ‘Digital India (DI)’ programme on August 15, 2014

The Digital India programmes is a flagship programmes of the Government of India

Launched on July 1, 2015 through nation-wide celebrations of Digital India Week The hallmark of the programme is its ‘Citizens First’ approach

Digital India is a Programme to prepare India for a knowledge future.


Vision of Digital India

•

Digital Infrastructure as a Utility to Every Citizen

Governance and Services on Demand

Digital Empowerment of Citizens

The vision of Digital India programme is to transform India into a digitally empowered society and knowledge economy.


Digital India: Development and Framework

“Our youth has surprised the world with its IT skills.Our ancestors used to play with snakes, we playwith mouse.” – Shri Narendra Modi

1 Broadband Highway

2 Universal Access to Phones

3 Public Internet Access Programme

6 Information for All

5 eKranti – Electronic delivery of Services 7 Electronic

Manufacturing Target net

zero Imports



Nine Pillars of Digital India

4 E-Governance Reforming Government

through Technology

8 IT for Job

9 Early Harvest Programmes

eSign framework would allow citizens to digitally sign a document online using Aadhaar authentication.



•

Digital Locker System aims to minimize the usage of physical documents and enablesharing of e-documents across agencies. The sharing of the e-documents will be donethrough registered repositories thereby ensuring the authenticity of the documentsonline.

MyGov.in has been implemented as a platform for citizen engagement in governance,through a "Discuss", "Do" and "Disseminate" approach. The mobile app for MyGovwould bring these features to users on a mobile phone.

Swachh Bharat Mission Mobile app would be used by people andGovernment organizations for achieving the goals of Swachh BharatMission.



•

National Scholarships Portal is said to be a one stop solution for end to endscholarship process right from submission of student application, verification, sanctionand disbursal to end beneficiary for all the scholarships provided by the Governmentof India.

Bharat Net, a high speed digital highway to connect all 2.5 lakh Gram Panchayats ofcountry. This would be the world's largest rural broadband connectivity project usingoptical fiber.

e-Hospital It provides important services such as online registration, payment of fees and appointment, online diagnostic reports, enquiring availability of blood online etc.



•

e-Granthalaya is an Integrated Library Management Software developed by National Informatics Centre,(NIC), Department of Electronics & Information Technology. The application is useful for automation of in-house activities of libraries and to provide various online member services. The software provides built-in Web OPAC interface to publish the library catalogue over Internet.

BHIM is an app that makes payment transactions simple, easy and quick using UnifiedPayments Interface (UPI). It enables direct bank to bank payments instantly and collectmoney using a Mobile number or Payment address.



•

E-Pathshala: Transforming Learning through TechnologyThe Ministry of Human Resource Development introduced the e-Pathshalaprogramme to promote ‘learning on the go’ among students, teachers and parents.Through this initiative, free access to NCERT books is available to students of classes 1to 12. These books are available in both Hindi and English.

Next Generation Network (NGN) – This is a BSNL initiative which looks toreplace 30 year old exchanges, with this new IP-based technology tomanage all types of services like voice, data, multimedia/ video and othertypes of communication services.


Digital Library Projects in India

•

Vidyanidhi: began as a pilot project to demonstrate the feasibility of ElectronicTheses and Dissertations in the Indian context This project got underway in the year2000 at the Department of Library and Information Science, University of Mysore,Manasagangotri, Mysore, sponsored by the National Information System for Scienceand Technology, Department of Scientific and Industrial Research, Ministry of Scienceand Technology, Government of India.

Digital Library of India is a digital library of books, which are free-to-read, searchable, predominantly inIndian languages, available to everyone over the Internet. Very soon it is expected that this portalwould provide a gateway to Indian Digital Libraries in science, arts, culture, music, movies, traditionalmedicine, palm leaves and many more. This project is a collaboration between different Indianinsitutes and Universities and Carnegie Mellon University under Universal Digital Library Project.

http://www.dli.ernet.in/

Ministry of Human Resource Development under its National Mission on Education throughInformation and Communication Technology has initiated the National Digital Library (NDL) pilotproject to develop a framework of virtual repository of learning resources with a single-windowsearch facility.


Digital Library Projects in India (NDL)

•

National Digital Library (NDL) : The main objective of National Digital Library (NDL)is to integrate all the existing digital contents across educational institutions of thenation to provide single window access to the different group of users of ourcountry.

The NDL is providing help to the educational institutions (universities, institutions, colleges andschools) to create an Institutional Digital Repository for collecting, preserving, and disseminating ofthe intellectual output generated by their teachers, scholars, students and staff.


Digital Library Projects in India (NDL)

13,00,000+ Items have been authored by 1 lakh authors

Repository hosts contents from multiple subject domains like

Technology, Science, Humanities, Agriculture and others

Items are available in more than 70 languages

Repository integrates contents from different Indian Institutional

Repositories

Educational materials are available for users ranging from primary

to post-graduate levels

Library Resources Centre, Institute of lawLibrary Resources Centre, Institute of law

National Digital Library


National Digital Library


Shodhganga


Changes in higher education

According to Richard Biddiscomb “The ‘killer –apps’ ofcomputing and the web are having a profound effecton higher education”

Education Paradigms are shifting to include onlinelearning, hybrid learning and collaborative models.


Emerging Trends in Higher Education

Open Distance Learning

Online Learning / E-learning

Collaborative Learning and Research

Massive Open Online Courses

Open Educational Resources – Open Courseware








Future of the Library

“The future of the library is that there is no library: the functions that the

library performs have blown up and are scattered throughout the universe”

Steven J. bell and John Shank – The Blended Librarian

Mike Shatzkin: Within 15 to 20 years the physical library will cease to exist;

patrons will access electronic material online, and the meeting places and

cyberbars will have migrated elsewhere.

Above mentioned scenario may not be that alarming but the challenge

stands.


The Grand Challenges

Information and Communication Technology (ICT) revolution

Explosive growth and usage of web resources

Escalating cost of printed documents (Serials)

Fluctuations in Exchange Rate

Heightened level of users’ expectations

Interactive virtual learning environment

New patterns of scholarly publishing and communication


The Grand Challenges - Open movements

Open is a key trend in future education and publication, specifically in terms of

Open access Open source Open data Open education Open peer review


The Grand Challenges - Serial Crisis

•Journal subscriptions fees rise. (more than 42% increase in

cost for all periodicals) Library budgets are cut.

•Serials Crisis: No library can afford to buy

•subscriptions to all journals.

•Librarians become strong advocates of Open Access


Learners Expectations from Academic LibrariesImpact of ICT on Libraries

Collection to Connectivity

From Ownership to Accessibility

From Akar to Nirakar

From Real to Virtual

From Paper to Pixel

From More Space to More Bandwidth


Why go beyond formal methods?

The 95 Percent Solution: School is not where most Americans learnmost of their science by John H. Falk and Lynn D. Dierking

Recent findings challenge the longstanding belief that the place forscience knowledge acquisition is the classroom.

International comparisons of trends in science knowledge overlifetimes suggests that much if not most science knowledge isacquired outside of school. American Scientist: v. 98 (Nov-Dec), 2010

Courtesy: from the Presentation Dr. H. Anilkumar

The Library of the Future

... … A Managed place … …with managed

digital space.




The Library of the Future Source: DNA 26/01/2014 Page 10


The Library of the Future Source: DNA 26/01/2014 Page 10


We have a window of opportunity

It is estimated that developed economies and even China will face

shortage of about 40 million highly skilled workers by 2020.

12th Five Year Plan, Volume III Social Sector

Current level of GER (Gross Enrolment Ratio) in India stands at a figure of18.8%. However this is very low compared to world average of 23.2%,36.5 % for developing countries and 45% for many developed countries.

N. Sundarrajan, (2013) Achieving Target GER: Is Quantity the only Answer? University News, 51(49)

India’s research output as global share of scientific publication was amere 3.5% in 2010 where as china’s share was 21 % in 2007.

Dr. Manmohan singh conf. of NIT Directors at Rashtrpati Bhavan Business Standard 7/11/2013


We have a window of opportunity

People like libraries

Libraries are considered hub of academic activities/ (till now)

The window will not stay open forever. Alternatives will be

brought in force when available


Library as a knowledge Gateway

A Library is not a building staked with

books – it is a repository and source of

information and ideas, a place for learning

and enquiry for the generation of

thoughts and the creation of new

knowledge-National Knowledge Commission 2005


Blueprints for future

Enhancing space and support for creation -

based learning



increased student success in connection

with library usage




Digital library software

DSpace

Greenstone

Eprints

Omeka

Invenio

Fedora

ResourceSpace


Digital library software -DSpace

DSpace is a digital library system to capture, store, index, preserveand redistribute the intellectual output of a university’s research facultyin digital formats. Dspace has been developed jointly by MIT Librariesand Hewlett-Packard (HP). It is now freely available to researchinstitutions world-wide as an open source system.

Greenstone is a suite of software for building and distributing digital library collections. It provides a new way of organizing information and publishing it on the Internet or on CD-ROM. It is available for both Windows and Linux O/S. It requires Perl software to build collections.



Eprints is generic archive software under development by the Universityof Southampton. It is intended to create a highly configurable web-basedarchive. EPrints primary goal is to be set up as an open archive forresearch papers, but it could be easily used for other things such asimages, research data, audio archives anything that can be stored digitallyby making changes in configuration.

Omeka is a free, flexible, and open source web-publishing platform for the display of library, museum, archives, and scholarly collections and exhibitions.



Invenio software developed by, maintained by, and used at, the CERN DocumentServer. It allows you to run your own electronic preprint or digital library server, yourown online library catalogue or a document system on the web. It complies with theOpen Archives Initiative metadata harvesting protocol (OAI-PMH) and uses MARC 21 asits underlying bibliographic standard. It is a free software issued under GNU-GPL license.

Fedora is an Open-Source digital repository management system based on the Flexible Extensible Digital Object and Repository Architecture (Fedora). The Fedora repository system is open source software licensed under the Mozilla Public License. It requires Sun Java Software Development Kit, v1.4. Optionaly one can use MySql or Oracale 9i to create relational databse. It works both on Windows and Unix versions of O/s.

http://fedora-commons.org/


Digitization is?

Digitization is the process of converting analogue originals to computer-readable form

Digital imaging and scanning are mechanisms for capturing a digital picture

A digital image is sampled and mapped as a grid of squares known as picture elements (pixels)

Digital files use a binary format with a series of ‘1’ and ‘0’, ‘on’ and ‘off, to represent data


what can be delivered digitally

Born digital content

Paper and text content

Bound volumes or manuscripts

Photographs – prints, slides, transparencies

Video and audio

Maps, drawings and large paper formats


Digital library

Digital Libraries

Traditional Libraries

Index

Metadata Search

DL creation & processes

Users



Keeping in tune with the globaldevelopment, we have created aninstitutional repository usingDSpace software. We are feedinginstitutional intellectual outputs likefaculty papers, theses anddissertations in PDF format atDSpace. Students can access thisdigital information anywhere on thecampus through our library server.

Knowledge Repository – Digital Library

Keeping in tune with the globaldevelopment, we have createdan institutional repository usingDSpace software. We arefeeding institutional intellectualoutputs like faculty papers,theses and dissertations in PDFformat at DSpace. Students canaccess this digital informationanywhere on the campus throughour library server.



Exam Papers & Press Clipping :Google Apps



What’s Happening@ILNU Library:“Reference Management” – Zotero in DDS

We are managing DDS provided to ILNU Faculties: Different way to providing services

using Zotero

Content Service

BibliographyCases

50Library Resources Centre, Institute of lawDepartment of Library and Information Science, Gujarat University


What’s Happening@ILNU Library:

Programs are arranged to

spread the Awareness regarding

the Library. And Online Quiz

also arranged to know the output

of this program. And result is

very surprising with lot of

queries solved and interest in the

Library has been increasing.

Faculty Awareness :







Efforts to Meeting Challenges - Kindle e-book Readers


Features :Beyond Books

Wireless Access

E-ink, paper-like display

Reading Bookmarks

Dictionary

Notes and Highlights

Search Capabilities

Text-to Speech/ Audiobooks

And much more…


Marketing and Promotion


Role of Social Media in popularizing the Library


Role of Social Media in popularizing the Library


Best Practices in the Library

Technology adopted by Library - Library Website

Users are updated herewithVarious collections, activities,And upcoming events also

URL:http://www.nirmauni.ac.in/ILLib



What’s Happening@ILNU Library:Using Social Media



What’s Happening@ILNU Library:“ILNU Library” - Library Mobile App (Android)

A Library Mobile Application is a easy way for Users to connect with Library quickly and easily through their mobile device Institute Publications :

Highlighting Features of the Lib. Mob. App:

E-Library

Press Clippings

WebOPAC Exam Papers



What’s Happening@ILNU Library:“ILNU Library Virtual Tour” – Virtual Visit from YouTube



Talk Show by the Students:

“Talk-SHOW” - A dialogue-baseddiscussion sessions: InformalSession with Expert & Coffee...!

What’s Happening@ILNU Library:


Technology adopted by Library

What’s Happening@ILNU Library:“Event Programme Videos” – One Stop Play



Digital CD Library

The CD Library is a CD/DVD-ROMstorage system which can hold 150CDs/DVDs. The CD Library canstore all kinds of CD/DVD in 12cmsize,The unit can connect to thepersonal computer via USB cable.Users may find the CDs by CDtitles, CD contents, category,remark, and etc


Extent of the use of Library Resources

& Services

Circulation 2007-2016 Circulation 2016

Average Circulation : 117 per day

0

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40

60

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120

140

2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016

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Year - wise Average Circulation per Day

Jan Feb

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Month-wise Average Circulation per Day

Jan

Feb

March

April

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Extent of the use of Library Resources

& Services

User Statistics 2007-2016 User Statistics 2016

Average User Visit : 224 per day

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

1733

67

102

121 127

191

280 280

224

No

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Year - wise Average Usage per Day

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Jan Feb Mar. April May June July Aug Sept Oct Nove.

405

362

265

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213

253

317

357

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Month - wise Average Usage per Day in 2016



It’s budding legal eaglesa collection of legalhappenings from allaround the world. It's abid to bring to yourcomputer and phone aneasy access to the newsof whatever that ishappening in this nobleprofession, globally

Samiksha: Your One Stop Global Legal Digest Through the Looking Glass:

To Help & MotivateUsers to involve inCollectionDevelopment, thisService is started for. Itprovides you latestUpdate with yourFavorite Subject’sBooks across the Globein various Subjects.



An user-friendly web-based Open Sourcelibrary software KOHAhas been adopted atthe Library ResourceCentre to make it fullyautomated.

Library Automation

An user-friendly web-based Open Sourcelibrary software KOHAhas been adopted atthe Library ResourceCentre to make it fullyautomated.



Library is providingRemote-Login facility tothe users of Institute ofLaw, Nirma University, Allfinal year UG students, PGstudents, PH.D. Studentsand faculty members areusing Remote-Loginfacility for accessingonline and digitalresources at their home

Remote login - E-library

Library is providingRemote-Login facility tothe users of Institute ofLaw, Nirma University, Allfinal year UG students, PGstudents, PH.D. Studentsand faculty members areusing Remote-Login facilityfor accessing online anddigital resources at theirhome


Concluding Remarks

Librarians need to improve new skills using the newtechnology

It requires reorientation of traditional skill of librarianship.

Librarians must continue to educate themselves in the bestmechanisms for using information technologies

Pass knowledge onto others so that the wealth of informationat our disposal can be tapped effectively and play vital role forbetter and better change.


Concluding Remarks

For time and the world do not stand still. Change is the law of life.And those who look only to the past or the present are certain tomiss the future – John F. Kennedy (June 25, 1963)

Role of libraries and librarians have changed, is changing and willcontinue to change.

Google is good but librarian is better in network environment.


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