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The slides for the talk delivered at Bunga Raya Residential College (BRC) on 18 May 2012. Full details or references are available by request. Do email me.
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Academic To be or not to be?
*
Copy
Sharing Session at BRC, UNIMAS18 May 2012 (8.00
By Mr. Chuah Kee Man, Centre for Language [email protected]
Academic CheaterTo be or not to be?
Cheat
Sharing Session at BRC, UNIMAS18 May 2012 (8.00 – 10.00p.m.)
Man, Centre for Language [email protected]
Academic Dishonesty
What is it?
How to avoid it?
Why do students do it?
Why is this important?
Academic Dishonesty
Academic Cheater – BRC Talk
What is it?
How to avoid it?
Why do students do it?
Why is this important?
Have you evercheated?
Ponder:
Several studies (BushwellerTryon, 2009) stated that more cheated would never admit
Have you
Bushweller, 1999; Graves, 2011; Vinski & more than 75% of students who
admit their wrongdoings.
Academic Cheater – BRC Talk
Academic Dishonesty://What is it?
(Image taken from stockphotos)
Academic Dishonesty://What is it?
Academic Cheater – BRC Talk
Academic Dishonesty
…the theft of ideas and other forms of intellectual propertywhether they are published or not (Sandy, 1999, p. 75).
Academic Dishonesty
Academic Cheater – BRC Talk
…the theft of ideas and other forms of intellectual property—whether they are published or not (Sandy, 1999, p. 75).
Academic Dishonesty
Originality is undetected plagiarism
- William Ralph Inge
Academic Dishonesty
Academic Cheater – BRC Talk
Originality is undetected plagiarism
William Ralph Inge
Academic Dishonesty
He who does not cheat in exam is stupid. He who cheats and gets caught is twice as stupid! - Anonymous
Academic Dishonesty
Academic Cheater – BRC Talk
He who does not cheat in exam is stupid. He who cheats and gets caught is twice as
Anonymous
PlagiarismThe adoption or reproduction of original creations of another author without due acknowledgment(Simmons, 1999).
FabricationThe falsification of data, information, or citations. (Simmons, 1999).Creating false facts or citations to create “artificial acknowledgement”.
Major Types of Academic Dishonesty
FabricationThe falsification of data, information, or citations. (Simmons, 1999).Creating false facts or citations to create
acknowledgement”.
Cheating
Major Types of Academic Dishonesty
Any attempt to give or obtain assistance in a formal academic exercise such as exam or “hiring” others to complete your assignments (Simmons, 1999).
Academic Cheater – BRC Talk
Academic Dishonesty:// Why is it important?
(Image taken from stockphotos)
Academic Dishonesty:// Why is it important?
Academic Cheater – BRC Talk
Academic Dishonesty: Importance
Ensure academic integrity Ensure fairness Ensure credibility of your
degree/learning process Avoid being penalised Reflect your own values
Academic Dishonesty: Importance
Academic Cheater – BRC Talk
Ensure academic integrity
Ensure credibility of your degree/learning processAvoid being penalisedReflect your own values
You Try!
Original: “The key reason of plagiarism among students is their lack of efforts to ensure academic integrity” (Simon, 2002, p.5).
1. The key reason for plagiarism among students is lack of efforts to ensure academic integrity.
2. The key reason for plagiarism among students is lack of efforts to ensure academic integrity (Simon, 2002).
3. The main factor for plagiarism among students is insufficient efforts to make sure academic integrity.
4. No apparent attempt to make sure academic integrity has been identified as the chief factor of plagiarism among students (Simon, 2002).
Which statement is considered as
Academic Cheater – BRC Talk
“The key reason of plagiarism among students is their lack of efforts to ensure academic integrity” (Simon, 2002, p.5).
The key reason for plagiarism among students is lack of efforts to ensure academic integrity.The key reason for plagiarism among students is lack of efforts to ensure academic integrity (Simon, 2002).
The main factor for plagiarism among students is insufficient efforts to make sure academic integrity.
No apparent attempt to make sure academic integrity has been identified as the chief factor of plagiarism among
Which statement is considered as plagiarised?
Academic Dishonesty: Importance
UNIMAS Academic Regulation Undergraduates “Pelajar yang meniruatau tidak mengiktiraf(plagiat) untuk tujuanakan dikenakan tindakan(Peraturan Akademik Pengajian Ijazah
Academic Dishonesty: Importance
Academic Cheater – BRC Talk
UNIMAS Academic RegulationUndergraduates –
meniru hasil kerja orang lain mengiktiraf kerja orang lain
tujuan tugasan atau ujiantindakan tatatertib”
Ijazah Sarjana Muda, 2011, p. 22)
Academic Dishonesty:// Why do students do it?
(Image taken from stockphotos)
Academic Dishonesty:// Why do students do it?
Academic Cheater – BRC Talk
Why do you cheat?
Ponder:
Possible reasons – lazy to read/research, deadline rushing, lack of time management, lack of knowledge on how to avoid academic cheating.
you cheat?
Academic Cheater – BRC Talk
lazy to read/research, deadline rushing, lack of time management, lack of knowledge on how to avoid academic cheating.
Reasons for cheating in assignments
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
Laziness Last-minute work
Ignorance Nevet get caught
(Source: Chuah, 2011)
Reasons for cheating in assignments
Academic Cheater – BRC Talk
others
35%25%Last minute work
Never get caught/No big deal
Reasons for cheating in exam
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
Get good grades
To pass Peer pressure
(Source: Chuah, 2011)
Reasons for cheating in exam
Academic Cheater – BRC Talk
Others
45%35%To get good grades
To pass – difficult courses
My friend plagiarisecaught, and scored higher than me. So, I follow…
(Image taken from stockphotos)
plagiarise, not caught, and scored higher than me. So, I follow…
Academic Cheater – BRC Talk
(Student F121- 2011)
Academic Dishonesty:// How to avoid it?
(Image taken from stockphotos)
Academic Dishonesty:// How to avoid it?
Academic Cheater – BRC Talk
How to avoid plagiarism?
1. Set the mentality right.2. Use proper citations and
referencing.3. Practise paraphrasing and
summarising techniques4. Use plagiarism checker to help.
How to avoid plagiarism?
Academic Cheater – BRC Talk
Set the mentality right.Use proper citations and
Practise paraphrasing and summarising techniquesUse plagiarism checker to help.
MENTALITY
How to avoid plagiarism? #1
Don’t even think of copying other’s work. Set in your mind that you need to acknowledge things/info/ideas that you get from others.
(Image taken from MercedesBenz)
Academic Cheater – BRC Talk
MENTALITY
How to avoid plagiarism? #1
Don’t even think of copying other’s work. Set in your mind that you need to acknowledge things/info/ideas that you get from others.
CITATION & REFERENCING
How to avoid plagiarism? #2
Learn and master the correct citation and referencing styles. When in doubt, consult the lecturers or make use of the manual/guide.
(Image taken from MercedesBenz)
Academic Cheater – BRC Talk
CITATION & REFERENCING
How to avoid plagiarism? #2
Learn and master the correct citation and referencing styles. When in doubt, consult the lecturers or make use of the manual/guide.
Citation and Referencing
Different styles available. The common ones are:Author-Date formatAPA (American Psychology Association) Harvard Referencing Style
Author-Title formatMLA (Modern Language Association)
Citation and Referencing
Academic Cheater – BRC Talk
Different styles available. The common
APA (American Psychology Association)Harvard Referencing Style
MLA (Modern Language Association)
APA – Quick Overview
Citations (Acknowledge in your essay):-Use lastname/surname only.
In-text (author-focus)According to Adams (2010), …..Adams and Alice (2010) stated that…Adams (2010) mentions “
end-text (info-focus)……. (Adams, 2010). ……..(Adams & Alice, 2010).“abcdef” (Adams, 2010, p.4).
Quick Overview
Academic Cheater – BRC Talk
Citations (Acknowledge in your essay):/surname only.
According to Adams (2010), …..Alice (2010) stated that…
Adams (2010) mentions “abcdef” (p. 4)
Alice, 2010).” (Adams, 2010, p.4).
APA – Quick Overview
References (listing of sources cited)-Appear at the end of the essay. Sources used/cited in the essay must be listed in the reference list.
Adams, M. (2010). How to be a rich studentUK: McGraw-Hill.
Adams, M., & Alice, K. (2010). his Mercedes Benz. Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: MPH Publishing.
Quick Overview
Academic Cheater – BRC Talk
References (listing of sources cited)Appear at the end of the essay. Sources
used/cited in the essay must be listed in the
How to be a rich student. London,
Adams, M., & Alice, K. (2010). The student who sold . Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia: MPH
APA – Quick Overview
References (Common Format)
Books:
Lastname, F. (Year). Title of the book
Lastname1, A., & Lastname2book. Place: Publisher.
Quick Overview
Academic Cheater – BRC Talk
References (Common Format)
Title of the book. Place: Publisher.
2, B. (Year). Title of the
APA – Quick Overview
References (Common Format)
Journal Articles:
Lastname, F. (Year). Title of the article. Volume(Number), pages
Jason, M., & Simon, B. (2011). How to do referencing. Journal of Academic Writing
Quick Overview
Academic Cheater – BRC Talk
References (Common Format)
, F. (Year). Title of the article. Journal Name, (Number), pages.
Jason, M., & Simon, B. (2011). How to do referencing. Journal of Academic Writing, 19(1), 1-14.
APA – Quick Overview
References (Common Format)
Web Pages:
Valerie, H. (2011). Introduction to marketingfrom http://www.marketing.com/article123.html.
Valerie, H. (n.d.). Introduction to marketingOctober 21, 2012, from http://www.marketing. com/article123.html.
Quick Overview
Academic Cheater – BRC Talk
References (Common Format)
Introduction to marketing. Retrieved from http://www.marketing.com/article123.html.
Introduction to marketing. Retrieved , from http://www.marketing.
APA – Quick Overview
References
Note: References should be listed in alphabetical order.
Quick Overview
Academic Cheater – BRC Talk
Note: References should be listed in alphabetical order.
Almost 90% of the essay is from others’ idea, should I cite everything??
(Image taken from stockphotos)
Almost 90% of the essay is from others’ idea, should I cite everything??
Academic Cheater – BRC Talk
When is citation required?
When you borrow someone else’s ideas When you refer to the work of others When someone else’s work has been critical
in developing your own ideas. When there is a clear indicator of specific
information/facts taken from a source (e.g. statistical results).
When is citation required?
Academic Cheater – BRC Talk
When you borrow someone else’s ideasWhen you refer to the work of othersWhen someone else’s work has been critical in developing your own ideas.When there is a clear indicator of specific information/facts taken from a source (e.g.
When is citation NOT required?
When expressing common knowledge When expressing your own thoughts,
opinions and ideas in your own words When analyzing or synthesizing the
material you have researched When drawing your own conclusions
When is citation NOT required?
Academic Cheater – BRC Talk
When expressing common knowledgeWhen expressing your own thoughts, opinions and ideas in your own wordsWhen analyzing or synthesizing the material you have researchedWhen drawing your own conclusions
How “Common” is Common?
Examples• Malaysia is a country located in Southeast Asia
with two similarly sized regions.
• Malaysia is a country located in Southeast Asia with a total landmass of 329,847 square kilometres separated by the South China Sea into two similarly sized regions.
How “Common” is Common?
Academic Cheater – BRC Talk
Malaysia is a country located in Southeast Asia with two similarly sized regions.
Malaysia is a country located in Southeast Asia with a total landmass of 329,847 square kilometres separated by the South China Sea into two similarly sized regions.
Common!
Citation Needed!
PARAPHRASE & SUMMARISE
How to avoid plagiarism? #3
Learn to paraphrase ideas/info/statement obtained from the sources. When necessary, summarise and write in your own words.
(Image taken from MercedesBenz)
Academic Cheater – BRC Talk
PARAPHRASE & SUMMARISE
How to avoid plagiarism? #3
Learn to paraphrase ideas/info/statement obtained from the sources. When necessary, summarise and write in your own words.
Paraphrase
Can be shorter or longer than the original text.
Does not eliminate details but try to describe the original text in a different way.
Academic Cheater – BRC Talk
Summary
The shorterversion of the original text.
Eliminate details and retain only the main ideas.
Paraphrasing
5C’s Guide: Comprehend – understand the text Change – change structure and words Combine – combine ideas if possible Check– check if the meaning is the same Cite – cite the external sources
Academic Cheater – BRC Talk
understand the textchange structure and words
combine ideas if possiblecheck if the meaning is the same
cite the external sources
(Source: Chuah, 2009)
PLAGIARISM CHECKER
How to avoid plagiarism? #4
When in doubt, please use plagiarism checkers to help you in identifying parts which are copied.
(Image taken from MercedesBenz)
Academic Cheater – BRC Talk
PLAGIARISM CHECKER
How to avoid plagiarism? #4
When in doubt, please use plagiarism checkers to help you in identifying parts which are copied.
Plagiarism Checker
Some tools….Google – good for instant checking
especially online materials.Plagiarisma.net – free but not as good as
Turnitin Turnitin.com – One of the best tools, and
integrated as a tool in Morpheus. EHJ = Expert Human Judgments
Plagiarism Checker
Academic Cheater – BRC Talk
good for instant checking especially online materials.
free but not as good as
One of the best tools, and integrated as a tool in Morpheus.
= Expert Human Judgments
Plagiarism CheckerPlagiarism Checker
Academic Cheater – BRC Talk
Turn-It-In- The leading checker so
far- Rapid reporting- Cross-checking with
vast resources.- Capable of identifying
the use of quotations.