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Action research is a type of social research initiated to solve an immediate problems, led by individuals working in teams with others. It involves the process of actively participating in an organization change situation whilst conducting research.
Citation preview
Presentation By
Sadia Hassan Roll no (804)
(806)
Action Research
Topic
• Introduced by Kurt Lewin in social science.
• Stephen Corey introduced it in the field of education in 1953.
Introduction
Teachers often leave a mark on their students,
but they seldom leave a mark on their profession" -(Wolfe, 1989).
Action Research
Now in the field of education
“Action research is a systematic investigation conducted by practitioners to provide information to immediately improve teaching and learning.” James H. McMillan p.329
Introduction
Stephen Corey (1953) define it as:
“The process through which practitioners study their problems scientifically in order to guide, correct and evaluate their decisions and actions. In the educational setting i.e. school, the practitioners are the teachers and his other colleagues who work to improve instruction.”
Definitions
Geoffery E. Mills describe
“Action research in education is any systematic inquiry conducted by teachers, principals, school counselors, or other stake holders in the teaching learning environment. It involve gathering information about the ways in which their particular school operates, the teacher teach, and student learn.”
Definitions
Definitions
Carr and Kemmis say that:“Action research is a form of self-reflective inquiry that can be utilized by teachers in order to improve the rationality and justice of•Their own practices,•Their understanding of these practices and•The situations in which these practices are carried out.”
Characteristics of action research
Reflective Collaborative Context SpecificStep by step procedure
Characteristics of action research
Improvement in practiceresearchers are itself evaluators Open minded about evidenceImprovement in practice
Theories of Action Research
Two main theories of action research:
• Critical action research
• Practical action research
Philosophical Perspective
Type of Research
Depends upon the:- Nature of study Sample size Instrumentation Data Analysis
It can be quantitative and also be qualitative
Types of Action Research
In educational contextFour basic types depend upon the • Nature of study• Type of problem
Types of Action Research
Individual Action research Collaborative Action Research School-wide Action Research District-wide Action Research
Individual Action Research
Individual action research based on the individual teacher research on a single issue in the classroom. It may be any classroom problem related to student learning, classroom management, related to administration or any instructional strategy.
Collaborative Action Research
When a group of teachers work together to resolve a common issue related to a group of students or department, it comes under collaborative action research.
School-Wide Action Research
All issues which are common to all within the school boundary come under this type. These common problems can be investigated by the staff members while working together
District-Wide Action Research
The focus of action research is on those problems that are wider in nature. District level educational issues are addressed. It is more complex in nature and also utilizes more resources.
• • It is applied in nature.
• Care full data collection.
• Recommendations are meaningful.
• Allow the professional development of teachers.
• It creates system wide mind-set for the school improvement.
• It changes the climate of school.
Advantages
• • It enhance the decision making power of teachers.
• It empower the educational leaders.
• Action researchers evaluate themselves.
• It improves the communication network.
• Researchers are more committed towards their work.
• It promotes self-reflection and self-assessment.
• The results are relevant and directly applicable.
Advantages
Limitations
• Action Research also have following limitation
• Did not follow scientific method accurately.
• less emphasize on the previous findings or literature
review.• Teachers may not able to do research as the professional
researchers
• less about generalizability.
• Special training is required.
Concluding remarks
In summary, although some people may critique that action research is an informal research since teachers are not academic researchers, it is widely believed that action research is extremely suitable for education as its main purpose is to help teachers as researchers solve their teaching problems “in action”.
THANKS