Cropping patterns in different ecological

zones

BY

Kanju

Agriculture 3rd semester

Cropping Pattern Cropping pattern means the

proportion of area under various crops at a point of time in an unit area. Cropping pattern indicates the yearly sequence and spatial arrangement of crops and fallow on a given area.

Crop Rotation Crop rotation refers to

growing different crops in succession on a piece of land in a specific period of time with an objective to get maximum profit from least investment with impairing the soil fertility.

An Ideal crop rotation is one which provides maximum employment to the family and farm labourer. Some common crop rotations followed in various parts of the country are given below:

Rotation Duration

Paddy-wheat, 1 Year Maize-wheat, 1 Year Maize-potato, 1Year Soybean-wheat 1Year Maize-potato-sugarcane, 2 Year Paddy-sugarcane-wheat 2 Year

Cropping Pattern Cropping pattern may be define as: The distribution of the area of a farm to

various crops grow in any specified area, in an agro-ecological zones.

It may be a pattern of regular rotation of different crops or of growing only one crop, year after year on same area.

Cropping pattern is related to general cropping system depending upon the climatic factors.

Major Cropping zones of Pakistan

Crop Zone: It is the zone or area where

the productivity of a crop is higher and also stable due to prevalence of optimum condition for crop growth and yield.

There are 06 major crop zones:

1. Wheat Zone2. Rice Zone3. Cotton Zone4. Sugar cane Zone5. Maize Zone6. Potato Zone

Major AGRICULTURL Cropes

WHEAT ZONE

Wheat zone Pakistan ranks at the top in the production of wheat.

Wheat contribute 10.3% in Agriculture and 2.2% GDP.

Wheat area is 9039 thousand hectare and production is 25.3 million tonnes give yield 2797kg/hec.

Varieties of wheat; Glaxy 2013, Falaq sher 2013, Millat 2011, NARC 2011, Lassani 2008….. etc

Wheat growing divisions; Sargodha Faisalabad Multan Dera Ghazi KHAN Bahawalpur Lahore Sahiwal Shaikhupura Sialkot

Rice Zone Rice an important food and cash

crop, is the third largest crop of Pakistan wheat and cotton.

Planted on an area 2.5 million ha(11% of the total cropped area).

Accounts 17% of the total cereal production annually.

Sharing in agri-sector is 5.5% and 11% in GDP.

Rice Zone

Maize Zone Maize accounts for 4.8% of the total cropped area.

Estimated area of maize is 0.9 million ha with an annual production of 1.3 million tonnes.

97% of total production comes from two major provinces;

KPK accounts for 57% of total area and 68% of total production.

Punjab contribute 38% average with 30% of total maize production.

Maize contribute 2.1% in Agriculture and 0.4% in GDP.

Area 1117 thousand hectare Give production 4527 millions tonnes and yield 4053 kg/hec.

Varieties of Maize; Yousafwala Hybrid, Pearl and MMRI-Yellow, Amylomaize corn, Flint corn etc.

Potato Zone Potato is grown on about 111,000 ha

distributed agro-ecological zones.

70-80% of the production is concentrated in the irrigated plains of Central Province KPK.

Three season of potato cultivation, autumn, spring and summer.

Major production Areas and Regions;

District Okara, Sahiwal, Sialkot, Jhang, Chiniot, Kasur, Gujranwala, Khanawal.

Major Varieties of Potatoes;

Diamant, Cardinal, Desiree, Raja, Sante are some varieties grown in Pakistan.

Sugar Cane Sugar cane is an important cash crop in

Pakistan and in many countries of the world.

It is grown in tropical and sub-tropical areas.

Punjab contribute 64.9% in total production.

Sindh 26.4% and KPK 9.9% of the total yield.

Grow in area 759 thousand hectare give yield of 35.4tonnes/hec.

Varieties of sugar canePunjab varieties; Early maturing: BL-4, L-116, BF-162,

CP 43-33 CP77-400,CPF-

237. Mid season ; TRITON, COL-54, SPF-

213.

Late maturing; L-118, COJ-84.

Sugar cane

Cotton zone Area having abundant production ;

Vehari, Multan, Bahawalpur.

Area having modrate production;

Sahiwal, Muzaffargarh, Jhang, Rajanpur.

Area having less production;

Okara, Faisalabad, Toba Tak sing, Layyah, D.G Khan, Bakkar and Mainwali.

Cotton Zone

Thank you