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The success of the last 25 years of active international engagement by Australian education institutions has brought international education to the forefront of the thinking not only of the institutions, but also governments, media and the Australian community generally. This presentation focuses on the educational, public policy and community aspects of Australian international education.
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2011 Conference
Competition & Collaboration in the Global Transformation of Higher Education
Entrepreneurial International Education: The Australian Experience
20 February 2011
Australian Education InternationalThe University of New South Wales
The University of QueenslandRMIT University
La Trobe University
2011 Conference
Competition & Collaboration in the Global Transformation of Higher Education
Overview of International Education in Australia
Mark DarbyCounsellor-EducationEmbassy of Australia
2011 Conference
Competition & Collaboration in the Global Transformation of Higher Education
Two levels of government
State and Territory governments have
major legislative responsibilities
Australian Government has
significant financial and policy
responsibility
2011 Conference
Competition & Collaboration in the Global Transformation of Higher Education
Size and shape of the sector
Diverse higher education sector, including:37 public universities
2 private universities, and two branches of overseas universities
3 self accrediting providers
≈ 150 other higher education providers approved by State and territory legislation
Student numbers≈ 814,000 domestic students
≈ 321,000 international students
(2009 DEEWR Statistics)
2011 Conference
Competition & Collaboration in the Global Transformation of Higher Education
International Students in Australia
International Student Enrolments 2007-2010(Year-to-date November 2010)
Higher Education Vocational Education & Training
Schools ELICOS Other 0
50,000
100,000
150,000
200,000
250,000
2011 Conference
Competition & Collaboration in the Global Transformation of Higher Education
Australians studying overseas
Year Exchanges Other Int’l Study Experiences
Total Int’l Study Experiences
2003 3,253 2,852 6,105
2004 3,428 3,471 6,899
2005 4,090 3,740 7,830
2007 5,157 5,561 10,718
Number of Australian Students Studying Offshore 2003-2007
2011 Conference
Competition & Collaboration in the Global Transformation of Higher Education
Phases of Internationalization
Phase 1: Colombo Plan Phase 2:
Recruitment of international students
1950 1986 2007
Phase 3: Global partner
2011 Conference
Competition & Collaboration in the Global Transformation of Higher Education
Today’s Shared Challenges
Sustainability
Quality Visa Integrity
2011 Conference
Competition & Collaboration in the Global Transformation of Higher Education
Broader policy context
•Access and Equity• Quality Assurance• Funding• Research & Infrastructure
2011 Conference
Competition & Collaboration in the Global Transformation of Higher Education
Australian Government Policy Responses
• Ministerial Statement on International Education
• International Students Strategy for Australia
• Education Services for Overseas Students Act
• Review of Student Visa Program• Education Agents
2011 Conference
Competition & Collaboration in the Global Transformation of Higher Education
Entrepreneurial International Education:
‘The Australian Experience’
Approaches to internationalisation in Australian universitiesIEAA/AIEA Workshop
Jennie LangPro-Vice-Chancellor (International), UNSW and
Chair Universities Australia Committee of Deputy Vice-Chancellors, Pro-Vice-Chancellors (International)
2011 Conference
Competition & Collaboration in the Global Transformation of Higher Education
The Australian International Education Experience at a
glance:
Education Philanthropy‘Colombo Plan’(1950s +)
Regional Development & Capacity Building(1960s +)
Multicultural Australia(1970s +)
Export of Education(since 1986)
Internationalisation of Universities(1990s +)
Global Engagement(2000s +)
2011 Conference
Competition & Collaboration in the Global Transformation of Higher Education
1. Educational philanthropy (since 1950s)– Government lead– Institution lead (by a few universities)– Scholarships provided initially under the Colombo Plan or by individual universities for top students from Asia
2. Regional Development and Capacity Building (since 1960s)– good neighbour– knowledge transfer– sponsorship programs– education capacity building
Clear themes underpin the Australian International Education experience to date
2011 Conference
Competition & Collaboration in the Global Transformation of Higher Education
3. Multicultural Australia (1970s)– migrants were encouraged from Asia and beyond– increased Aid funding directed to scholarships for students from Asia–Education sectors were encouraged to promote multiculturalism
4. Export of Education (1980s)– all Australian government education providers able to enrol full-fee paying international students– marketing and recruitment drives were spearheaded by Austrade and IDP Education Australia–Universities quickly established education pathways, appointed education agents and entered into education partnerships such as twinning programs and established offshore programs and campuses
2011 Conference
Competition & Collaboration in the Global Transformation of Higher Education
5. Internationalisation– bilateral and multilateral research networks– student exchange and mobility– staff exchanges and collaboration– international curricula– dual degree programs and articulation agreements with overseas partner universities– student integration on campus– alumni engagement
2011 Conference
Competition & Collaboration in the Global Transformation of Higher Education
6. Global Engagement –involvement in •University networks eg U21, APRU•offshore campuses, presences, office networks•jointly badged degree programs•consortia to consortia co-operation eg Group of Eight research universities Australia, and China 9 (HK3) research intensive universities
•Knowledge partnerships involving government, industry and university collaboration from 2 or more countries
2011 Conference
Competition & Collaboration in the Global Transformation of Higher Education
• entrepreneurial• aggressive• opportunistic• emphasis on export
revenue• focus on student
recruitment (one way inbound flows)
• competitive
Perceptions of International Education in Australia
2011 Conference
Competition & Collaboration in the Global Transformation of Higher Education
– Emphasis on quality and diversity at most Australian universities
– International strategies are more holistic (eg UNSW 4 Pillars: Global Research, Global Education, Global Students, Global Engagement)
– Strategic education partnerships and platforms
– QA and Legislation designed to enhance the student experience and protect students as consumers of Australian education
Australian International Education Realities:
2011 Conference
Competition & Collaboration in the Global Transformation of Higher Education
Australian International Education Realities:– Increasing participation of
domestic students in student mobility programs
– Reputation drives revenue
– Proactive rather than aggressive
– International education is moving to a more sustainable footing
– Sharing of knowledge and expertise through professional networks, eg IEAA
2011 Conference
Competition & Collaboration in the Global Transformation of Higher Education
Global Citizens
(360° x 365)
Leaders Professionals
Scholars
UNSW Model Embeds Global Citizens as a core graduate attribute for all students
2011 Conference
Competition & Collaboration in the Global Transformation of Higher Education
Models of International Education being embraced by Australian
UniversitiesTNE and IEP models Description
Direct-entry pathways Foundation year and transition programs and English language coursesArticulation or advanced standing
Recognition of diplomas or associate degree programs offered by foreign colleges.
Twinning or partnership programs
Students complete the first half of a degree at an offshore partner university and complete the second half at an Australian university.
Dual-degree programs Undergraduate degree programs developed by two partner universities enabling students to receive a degree from each partner university.
Joint degrees Postgraduate degree programs developed by two or three partner universities, with one jointly-badged degree awarded on completion.
Cotutelle and joint doctoral programs
Joint doctoral degrees are offered by research intensive universities. The programs are jointly supervised by academics from the partner universities.
International reticulated degree models
Students undertake their undergraduate and research degrees at the home university, but their masters degree overseas.
Offshore campuses A number of universities have established campuses in other countries, principally offering a range of undergraduate and postgraduate coursework degrees.
2011 Conference
Competition & Collaboration in the Global Transformation of Higher Education
TNE and IEP models DescriptionGlobal university networks
Like-minded universities have formed global alliances to develop a multinational platform on which to offer international experiences and joint degrees. Universitas 21 (U21) is the best example of such a network.
Academic postgraduate pathways
Early career academics undertake a masters degree at an overseas university. On completion, they return to enrol in a doctoral program that is jointly supervised by researchers from both universities.
Distant education/ distance learning
Some Australian universities have developed the capacity to offer degree programs or partial degrees by distance education/learning incorporating intensive face to face teaching blocks.
Online education/online learning
Distance education/learning is provided remotely using electronic and online technology. This mode does not offer face-to-face education.
University mentoring/sponsorship
A leading university mentors or sponsors the development of a new or emerging university by supplying curriculum, intellectual property, academic accreditation and administrative systems.
Franchising A model where a ‘supply’ university authorises an education or commercial ‘for-profit’ partner to provide education programs under licence in another jurisdiction or country.
Models of International Education being embraced by Australian
Universities
2011 Conference
Competition & Collaboration in the Global Transformation of Higher Education
• Universities Australia• GO8, ATN, IRU etc• State collaboration eg Qld Smart State• Australia-India Institute (the University of
Melbourne, UNSW and LaTrobe University)• International University networks eg
• Universitas 21: UQ, Uni of Melb, UNSW• APRU: ANU, Uni of Sydney, Uni of Melb• World Universities Network: Uni of Sydney,
UWA
‘Co-ompetition’Collegial International
Strategies
2011 Conference
Competition & Collaboration in the Global Transformation of Higher Education
• Multifaceted International Strategy•Proactive rather than reactive international engagement•Deeper, broader and stronger education partnerships for mutual benefit
•Long-term objectives•Student centred environment (for international and domestic students)•Student Integration
Hallmarks of Mature International Programs:
2011 Conference
Competition & Collaboration in the Global Transformation of Higher Education
•Cost-effective TNE programs•Embedded quality assurance mechanisms•Whole of university commitment to internationalisation•Nimble response to challenges to protect reputation and brand•Effective and transparent governance
2011 Conference
Competition & Collaboration in the Global Transformation of Higher Education
Approaches to internationalisation
Thank You
Jennie LangPro-Vice-Chancellor (International)The University of New South Wales
Email: [email protected]
2011 Conference
Competition & Collaboration in the Global Transformation of Higher Education
IEAA/AIEAState-University Partnerships
Andrew Everett, The University of Queensland
02/20/11
2011 Conference
Competition & Collaboration in the Global Transformation of Higher Education
International Education in Queensland
• 103,182 international students (Nov 2010)
• Queensland’s 2nd largest services export industry
• In 2009/10, over $2.9 billion contribution to the Queensland economy.
• Employs, directly and indirectly, more than 17,000 Queenslanders.
2011 Conference
Competition & Collaboration in the Global Transformation of Higher Education
The Smart State Strategy
• The Smart State Strategy 1998 – 2012– Knowledge, Creativity, Innovation
• The Smart State in Action at UQ– Australian Institute for Bioengineering and
Nanotechnology– Institute for Molecular Science (IMB)– Sustainable Minerals Institute– Queensland Brain Institute– UQ Centre for Clinical Research– Pharmacy Australia Centre of Excellence– Queensland Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Network– UQ's Diamantina Institute for Cancer– Smart State fellowships and scholarships for UQ
researchers and students
2011 Conference
Competition & Collaboration in the Global Transformation of Higher Education
Queensland Education and Training Export Strategy
Aims• build a whole-of-industry and whole-of-government approach• position Queensland as a preferred provider in selected international and niche
markets• introduce strategies to ensure high quality of education and training, academic
support and pastoral care• minimise structural, regulatory and infrastructure barriers to growth
Objectives• double export earnings of the Queensland education and training industry from
$500 million to $1 billion in 5 years – accomplished by the end of 2006• work with and provide leadership to existing line agencies• co-ordination and consensus to ensure success and maximum impact
Vision• Development of the international education and training export industry will directly
contribute to the long-term economic growth of Queensland’s economy. It will support and extend the principles of the Smart State by funding and intellectually fuelling the development of a knowledge economy that is competitive globally.
2011 Conference
Competition & Collaboration in the Global Transformation of Higher Education
Queensland Education and Training
InternationalFive Strategic Objectives1. Mobilising the Will2. Creating the Image3. Capturing the Markets 4. Removing the Barriers 5. Investing in the Future
2011 Conference
Competition & Collaboration in the Global Transformation of Higher Education
Regional Clusters
2011 Conference
Competition & Collaboration in the Global Transformation of Higher Education
Creating the Image and Capturing Markets
• Market Intelligence Seminars• Inbound and Outbound Missions• Regional Cluster Development• Scholarships• Student Experience Reference Group• Annual Queensland International
Awards for Excellence• Shanghai Expo – Queensland Cup
2011 Conference
Competition & Collaboration in the Global Transformation of Higher Education
QETI International Awards
for ExcellenceQETI International Awards for Excellence
• International Student of the Year 2010 – ResearchMiss Manaswini Sivaramakrishnan, Queensland University of Technology
• International Student of the Year 2010 – Higher EducationMr Joseph Hongoh, The University of Queensland
• Outstanding International Student Support 2010 – Vocational Education and TrainingInternational Education Services
• Outstanding International Student Support 2010 – ELICOSExtension Studies International, Institute of Continuing & TESOL Education, The University of Queensland
• Best Practice in International Collaboration 2010 – ResearchQueensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland
• Best Practice in International Collaboration 2010 – ELICOSInstitute of Continuing & TESOL Education, The University of Queensland
• International Alumnus of the Year 2010 – ResearchProfessor Max Lu, The University of Queensland
2011 Conference
Competition & Collaboration in the Global Transformation of Higher Education
Removing the Barriers and Investing in the Future
• Queensland ready to welcome international students• Minister for Natural Resources, Mines and Energy and Minister for Trade
The Honourable Stephen Robertson18/01/2011
• Queensland’s world-class international education and training institutions are ready to welcome students for the start of the 2011 academic year.
• Minister for Trade Stephen Robertson said educational institutions have advised that most classes will commence as scheduled after last week’s floods.
• “We are open for business again and look forward to welcoming international students to our State for the first semester of 2011,” Mr Robertson said.
• For information on education and training institutions visit Study Queensland or Australian Education International and for information on studying in Brisbane visit Study Brisbane.
2011 Conference
Competition & Collaboration in the Global Transformation of Higher Education
State University Partnership Benefits
Linkages to Smart State Strategies
Profiling and branding through “Study Queensland”
Increased global awareness of UQ capabilities
Opportunity to shape government international education policies
2011 Conference
Competition & Collaboration in the Global Transformation of Higher Education
State University Partnership Benefits
Access to timely market intelligence
Introduction to key contacts, networks
Harness government to government relationships
Professional development for staff
2011 Conference
Competition & Collaboration in the Global Transformation of Higher Education
Future Challenges State-University Partnerships
• Financial – post GFC (and floods!)
• Maturing international education sector
• Increased competition - globally
2011 Conference
Competition & Collaboration in the Global Transformation of Higher Education
State – University Partnerships
Thank You
Any Questions?
Andrew EverettDirector, UQ InternationalUniversity of Queensland
Email: [email protected]
Professionalising International Education in Australia
Stephen Connelly
DVC International and Development
RMIT University
President
IEAA
RMIT University©2011 41
Origins
• Australia’s full fee-paying international student program - Quiz question #1
• Who was going to do the work?
University staff from other areasAdministrators, publications officers, faculty, student advisors dealing
with domestic students ‘thrown together’ into newly formed international offices
• Professional affiliations
These staff brought their professional affiliations - including experience of conferences, professional development etc. - with them
RMIT University©2011 42
First steps - the role of IDP
• Approach to marketsUnderstanding country and student requirements
• Professional practice and professional developmentindustry briefings, conferences and workshops
First IDP workshop Overseas Students: New Approaches and Practices held in Canberra. Quiz question #2. Now known as AIEC. Quiz question #3.
industry researchtargeted publications on current themes and issuesspecialist professional groupingscodes of practice
The papers from the second Conference in 1988, which focused on institutional responses to the new opportunities presented by overseas students, were collected into a publication Overseas Students: Policy and Practice, amongst the earliest documentation of the impact of full-fee paying international students in Australia.
RMIT University©2011 43
Industry research
Early to mid 1990s
IDP began to undertake industry wide research, first funded by DEET and later undertaken specifically for the Conference and funded by IDP itself.
IDP’s research effort led by Dorothy Davis, who also had responsibility for the AIEC. Research seen to be an integral and important part of what the Conference should provide the industry and the practitioners in it.
First IDP research study on international curriculum in Australian universities, followed by a landmark study on internationalization in Australian higher education. The latter resulted from collaboration with researchers Hans de Wit and Jane Knight.
Other research commissioned for the Conference or developed by IDP included: quality issues in transnational education; Australians studying abroad; online education; emerging markets; and outcomes of international education including comparative performance of international and domestic students.
RMIT University©2011 44
Early professional groupings
• ELICOS Australia late 1980s - English Australia
• Schools - Vision International - 1994• MELCOS and OSDU - Quiz question #4
• Universities• OSAN 1989 - ISANA• National Association of Directors of International Offices - NADIO• Australian International Educators Association - AIEA• Australian Universities International Directors Forum - AUIDF
• State based groupsCANDIPVictorian International Directors Committee – VIDCQueensland International Directors Forum - QIDF
• Vocational Education and TrainingAustralian TAFE International Network - ATINVictorian TAFE International - Quiz question #5
RMIT University©2011 45
Current peak bodies & AIEC
• International Education Association Australia
• Australian Council of Private Education and Training
• English Australia
• Independent Schools Council of Australia
• TAFE Directors Australia
• Universities Australia - DVC/PVC International Committee
• Council of Private Higher Education - Quiz question #6
• AIEC1300 delegates, 3rd largest IE conference in the worldMore quiz questions!!!
International Education Association Australia
• Association incorporated in 2004
– Associations Act, formal constitution
• Member services – over 1100 members
– Special Interest Groups – TNE, Mobility, IoC, Marketing and Communications
– Professional Development
– Annual Calendar
– AIEC pre-conference workshops
• Research committee
• Major projects
• Industry awards
• Advocacy and public policy
• Alliance of peak bodies
RMIT University©2011 46
International Learning Mobility:
Trends in Australia
Dawn Koban
Manager, La Trobe Abroad
Chair, IEAA Mobility SIG
Overview
• Phases of internationalisation in International Learning Mobility in Australia
• Current landscape & national trends – Institutional– Government– Industry
• Challenges to expanding International Learning Mobility in Australia
• Future developments
Three Phases of Internationalisation of Australian Higher Education: Student Mobility
Molony, J. (2010) Curricular and Extra-Curricular Programs Supporting Improved International Learning Mobility Experiences: An Emerging Trend in Australia. Centre for the Study of Higher Education. University of Melbourne.
Australian Universities International Directors Forum (AUIDF)
• Representation on a national scale• Commissions national benchmarking annually AUIDF
survey
AUIDF National Survey• Comparable to the US Open Doors Survey Data• International Learning Mobility first included 2005 • From 2009 included on annual basis
AUDIF 2009 Data
• 36 Aus universities participated• 15,058 students at all levels undertook international study experiences• 246,877 completions at all levels • 6.1% of all student completions in 2009• Increase from 4.7% in 2007
Olsen, A. (2010) AUIDF Mobility Benchmark Report
Access by Australian Students
110,185 domestic UG completions with 9,703 UG students
participating in international study experience• 8.8% of domestic UG completions in 2009 • up from 5.8% in 2007• Comparable to the US Open Doors Data in 2009 reporting 10.1%
3,982 PG research completions with 2,283 PG research students
participating in international study experience (17 Universities)• 57.3% of PG completions in 2009• Figure is up from 36.9% in 2007
Fields of Education
• Reported the field of education for 14,140 international study experiences • Management and Commerce (19%) and Society and Culture (18%)
Olsen, A. (2010) AUIDF Mobility Benchmark Report
Destination
• Reported destination for 14,783 international study experiences • 36.6% Europe; 32.2% Asia; 22% Americas
Olsen, A. (2010) AUIDF Mobility Benchmark Report
University Funding
Government Funding
OS HELP Program
Total
2005 $6.1 mil $1.8 mil $3.1 mil $11 mil
2007 $12.9 mil $3.5 mil $8.6 mil $25 mil
% Increase 111% 94% 177% 127%
2009 $17.4 mil $6.3 mil $11.3 mil $35 mil
% Increase 35% 80% 31% 40%
Table constructed using data from (Olsen & Molony, 2010)
Australian Funding Sources
for Student Mobility
Current Landscape and Trends
Institutional • International Learning Mobility is an initiative written into
the strategic plans of Australian Universities• Firm targets are being set• Creation of curricular & extra-curricular programs
supporting improved international learning mobility• Involvement of more faculty in mobility – institutional
cultural shift• Shorter and more flexible program development –
emphasis on practical learning• VET sector – increased focus on mobility
Current Landscape and Trends
Government • Increased scholarships for international learning mobility• Increased OS HELP loans• Diversifying scholarship scheme to include short term
programs• Contributed funding and support for benchmarking
studies• Supported the VET Outbound Mobility Toolkit
Current Landscape and Trends
Industry • Establishment of outbound service provider
(AIM Overseas)• Newly established IEAA SIG• Value of International Learning Mobility is being
recognised by Australian employers• Annual Outbound Mobility Forum – inaugural Forum 2007• Collaboration with comparable industry groups in the EU• Annual Australian Exchange Fair Circuit
IEAA – Outbound Mobility SIG
Purpose of the OSM SIG:The SIG aims to act as the prime Australian forum for discussion, debate, research and the disseminationof information and models of best practice in thearea of outbound student mobility.
Activities and Support- Professional Development: workshops, Annual Forum- Networking: state-based groups, meetings- Communications: web, list serv - Research - Annual Australian Exchange Fair Circuit
Exchange Fair Circuit
Exchange Fair Dates:28 March – 12 April
Outbound Mobility Forum “Managing Growth”
8 April
Hosted by the University of Technology Sydney
Challenges to expand International Learning Mobility
• Insufficient data collection• Lack of awareness from Aus students – moving
away from ‘gap year’ mentality• Language and cultural barriers• Access of programs• Cost
Future Trends• Sector is committed to developing mechanisms for
measuring outcomes and data collection• Institutions will continue to create innovative programs
that internationalise the curriculum• Australian students will increasingly seek out more
outcomes based international experiences – professional based outcomes
• Further collaboration with comparable industry bodies in the US and the EU
• Increased diversity in short term programming• Further International Learning Mobility focused research
2011 Conference
Competition & Collaboration in the Global Transformation of Higher Education
Contact usMark DarbyAustralian Education [email protected]
Jennie LangThe University of New South [email protected]
Richard HenryThe University of New South [email protected]
Andrew EverettThe University of [email protected]
Stephen ConnellyRMIT [email protected]
Dawn KobanLa Trobe [email protected]