MorphologyAORIST MIDDLE PARTICIPLES

Morphology

We are working with a diagnostic approach toward

identifying verbs. For aorist middle participles, the key

diagnostics are:

1. σα marks the aorist tense.

2. μενο/μενη marks the middle voice.

3. 2-1-2 pattern personal endings.

Aorist Active Masculine

Aorist Active MasculineThe masculine and neuter forms of the aorist active

participle take second-declension personal endings.

The masculine and neuter middle participle morpheme

is μενο. This is the marker of the middle voice.

AAP-NMS

λυσαμενος

λυ + σα + μενο + ς

Diagnostics

1. The tense formative σα marks it

as aorist.

2. The participle morpheme μενο

marks it as middle, masculine or

neuter.

3. The personal ending ς marks it

as NS.

AAP-GMS

λυσαμενου

λυ + σα + ντ + ος

Diagnostics

1. The tense formative σα marks it

as aorist.

2. The participle morpheme μενο

marks it as middle, masculine or

neuter.

3. The personal ending υ marks it

as GS.

AAP-DMS

λυσαμενῳ

λυ + σα + μενο + ι

λυ + σα + μενῳ

Diagnostics

1. The tense formative σα marks it

as aorist.

2. The participle morpheme μενο

marks it as middle, masculine or

neuter.

3. The personal ending ι (subscript)

marks it as DS.

AAP-AMS

λυσαμενους

λυ + σα + μενο+ υς

Diagnostics

1. The tense formative σα marks it

as aorist.

2. The participle morpheme μενο

marks it as middle, masculine or

neuter.

3. The personal ending υς marks it

as AMS (or NNP/ANP).

AAP-NMP

λυσαμενοι

λυ + σα + μενο + ι

Diagnostics

1. The tense formative σα marks it

as aorist.

2. The participle morpheme μενο

marks it as middle, masculine or

neuter.

3. The personal ending ι marks it

as NMP (the neuter ending

would be α).

AAP-GMP

λυσαμενων

λυ + σα + μενο + ων

οω → ω

Diagnostics

1. The tense formative σα marks it

as aorist.

2. The participle morpheme μενο

marks it as middle, masculine or

neuter.

3. The personal ending ων marks it

as GP.

AAP-DMP

λυσαμενοις

λυ + σα + μενο + ις

Diagnostics

1. The tense formative σα marks it

as aorist.

2. The participle morpheme μενο

marks it as middle, masculine or

neuter.

3. The personal ending ις marks it

as DP.

AAP-AMP

λυσαμενους

λυ + σα + μενο + υς

Diagnostics

1. The tense formative σα marks it

as aorist.

2. The participle morpheme μενο

marks it as middle, masculine or

neuter.

3. The personal ending υς marks it

as AMP (the neuter ending

would be α).

Aorist Active Neuter

Aorist Active NeuterThe neuter participle is similar to the masculine. The

middle uses the participle morpheme μενο and takes

the second-declension personal endings.

In the genitive and dative, the masculine and neuter

forms are identical. The nominative and accusative

forms are different.

AAP-NNS and ANS

λασαμενον

λυ + σα + μενο + ν

Diagnostics

1. The tense formative σα marks it

as aorist.

2. The participle morpheme μενο

marks it as middle, masculine or

neuter.

3. The personal ending ν marks it

as NNS or ANS (or AMS).

AAP-NNP and ANP

λασαμενα

λυ + σα + μενο + α

Diagnostics

1. The tense formative σα marks it

as aorist.

2. The participle morpheme μενο

marks it as middle, masculine or

neuter.

3. The personal ending α marks it

as NNP or ANP.

Aorist Active Feminine

Aorist Active FeminineThe feminine forms of the aorist active participle take

first-declension personal endings, exactly like δοξα.

In the middle voice, the feminine participle morpheme

is μενα/μενη.

AAP-NFS

λυσαμενη

λυ + σα + μενη + –

Diagnostics

1. The tense formative σα marks it

as aorist.

2. The feminine participle

morpheme μενη marks it as

middle voice.

3. The personal ending – marks it

as NS.

AAP-GFS

λυσαμενης

λυ + σα + μενη + ς

Diagnostics

1. The tense formative σα marks it

as aorist.

2. The feminine participle

morpheme μενη marks it as

middle voice.

3. The personal ending ς marks it

as GS.

AAP-DFS

λυσαμενῃ

λυ + σα + μενη + ι

Diagnostics

1. The tense formative σα marks it

as aorist.

2. The feminine participle

morpheme μενη marks it as

middle voice.

3. The personal ending ι (subscript)

marks it as DS.

AAP-DFS

λυσαμενην

λυ + σα + μενη + ν

Diagnostics

1. The tense formative σα marks it

as aorist.

2. The feminine participle

morpheme μενη marks it as

middle voice.

3. The personal ending ν marks it

as AS.

AAP-NFP

λυσαμεναι

λυ + σα + μενα + ι

Diagnostics

1. The tense formative σα marks it

as aorist.

2. The feminine participle

morpheme μενα marks it as

middle voice.

3. The personal ending ι marks it

as NP.

AAP-GFP

λυσασων

λυ + σα + μενα + ων

Diagnostics

1. The tense formative σα marks it

as aorist.

2. The feminine participle

morpheme μενα marks it as

middle voice.

3. The personal ending ων marks it

as GP.

AAP-DFP

λυσαμεναις

λυ + σα + μενα + ις

Diagnostics

1. The tense formative σα marks it

as aorist.

2. The feminine participle

morpheme μενα marks it as

middle voice.

3. The personal ending ις marks it

as DP.

AAP-AFP

λυσαμενας

λυ + σα + μενα + ς

Diagnostics

1. The tense formative σα marks it

as aorist.

2. The feminine participle

morpheme μενα marks it as

middle voice.

3. The personal ending ς marks it

as AP.

The End