EDUCATIONAL MANAGEMENT AND LEADERSHIP FACULTY OF EDUCATION

RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

EDU702

TITLE: EFFECTIVENESS OF VIDEO AS AN INSTRUCTIONAL MEDIUM IN TEACHING RURAL

CHILDREN AGRICULTURAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES

PREPARED FOR: DR JOHAN EDDY LUARAN

PREPARED BY: ALVERA RAYMOND KISIL 2013683384

Effectiveness of Video as an Instructional Medium in Teaching Rural Children

Agricultural and Environmental Sciences OVERVIEW

This is an article review of Babalola Isiaka which investigates the effectiveness of video in

comparison with the other three selected instructional media for teaching primary school

pupils Agriculture and Environmental Sciences. The article was published in International

Journal of Education and Development using Information and Communication

Technology (IJEDICT), 2007, Vol.3, issue 3, pp. 105-114.

This article discusses about the effectiveness of video with the other three

selected instructional media for teaching primary school pupils of Agricultural and

Environmental Sciences. It also examined the effect of gender and grade on the

performance of the pupils taught with four instructional media which is video, charts,

realia and no instructional media performed best. This study is an experimental design.

At the end of the study, it shows that video performed best than the others. It concludes

that video is an effective method to be use in teaching and learning for primary school. It

also suits for children, youths and adults in the formal school system.

Research conducted in other country by Francis Donkor (2001) says that video

have been more popular than any other medium for teaching practical skills during the

delivery of technical and vocational education and training.

According to Zahara Aziz et al (2011) pupils’ difficulty in understanding basic

concepts and scientific knowledge is a major obstacle when achieving teaching

objectives for Science subjects in primary schools. The use of videos in teaching gives big

impact in students’ achievement.

Richard Sykes (2012) stated that the purpose of his study is to evaluate the impact

on student learning outcomes of video content as a primary teaching method compared

to more traditional lecture based classes. It also mentioned that educators with varieties

of backgrounds use video into their classes a way to reach greater numbers of students’

achievement.

Adetunji Akeem Adedeji, Oloyede Ezekiel Ojo, Bamidele Emmanuel Folorunso,

Bada Tayo Abass (2012) says that there is relative effectiveness of video Media

Instruction (VMI) and Conventional Laboratory Technique (CLT) on the teaching of

Volumetric Analysis is an aspect of practical chemistry. Their studies conclude that VMI

are more effective in teaching science. There was significant difference in achievement

after six weeks of instructions.

DESCRIPTION OF METHODOLOGY

This study was an experimental design. The non-randomized quasi-pretest and posttest

was used to find out which of the pupils in the four experimental groups (realia, video,

charts and no instructional media). This study was conducted on 240 pupils from 3

different rural primary schools in Badgary Local Government Area of Lagos State, Nigeria.

Pupils were taught three topics of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences. In order to

do experiment, writer had designed two research questions which was, what is the

effectiveness of video in comparison with chart and live specimen; what is the

relationship between gender and class on the performance of pupils.

Babalola choose qualitative design using pretest and posttest in these research.

Sampling was picked at the ages range from 10 to 16 years old, from grade Primary 5 and

6. Pupils from rural areas start primary school later than their urban counterparts.

Studies was conducted on three rural school was Topo, Ikioga-Zebbe and Arandagun.

Those three schools was purposively selected and random sampling technique involved

in the experiment. Both genders, female and male are actively involved in agriculture.

Writer had chosen 20 pupils for each instructional media.

The method of data collection was designed based on the topic but with different

instructional media. The video group was taught using the video without the intervention

of the teacher. While, the realia group was taught with real object and demonstration.

The chart groups were taught concept with diagrams, drawing and pictures. The no

instructional groups were only given lecture without any materials. Then, they were

given three hours pretest and posttest.

The result shows that video took first place, which slightly higher than the realia

group. While the chart group slightly higher than the no instructional group. It shows

that video is far more effectives than the other three instructional media. It can be use in

teaching adult and children as well.

In order to test the significant of gender between female and male, writer used

ANNOVA analysis of the four treatment groups. The result shows that video, realia and

the chart groups performed significantly better than the no instructional media group.

The realis groups did significantly better than the chart group while the video group

performed equally as the realia group.

EVAULATION

From my point of view, the writer did a reasonable research. Researcher adequately

establishes the significance of research questions. Research design was choose suitable

with the research questions. Method used to collect data collection appropriate to the

research questions. Pretest and posttest are suitable to find out the better instructional

media in the experiment.

Based on my experienced in teaching, it is does that the video is an effective

strategy can be used in teaching primary school. Pupils are far more advance and

memorize when sense of audio visual involved, where pupils able to watch, listen and

speak about it.

DISCUSSION OF IMPLICATIONS

Finally I do think that the use of video in school play a major part on students’

achievement. As far as I learned from this study, I am agreeing with the result shown.

Four selected instructional media is the material used in schools. But there is few aspects

school’s management need to focus on. We know that, video is an expensive material.

From my point of view, educational in general, educators should provide fully equipment.

They need funds to get a set of video in teaching rural primary school. Parent Teachers

Association in school should go into partnership with the Primary School Management

Board for necessary funds.