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Suresh Khanapurkar writes about Water Conservation
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1
Ikk. kh vkf.k ‘ks rd&; ka P; k vkRe g R; kIkk. kh vkf.k ‘ks rd&; ka P; k vkRe g R; kIkk. kh vkf.k ‘ks rd&; ka P; k vkRe g R; kIkk. kh vkf.k ‘ks rd&; ka P; k vkRe g R; k
lq js ’k [kkukiw jdjlq js ’k [kkukiw jdjlq js ’k [kkukiw jdjlq js ’k [kkukiw jdj v odk’ kiz kI r ofj”B H kw oS Kkfudv odk’ kiz kI r ofj”B H kw oS Kkfudv odk’ kiz kI r ofj”B H kw oS Kkfudv odk’ kiz kI r ofj”B H kw oS Kkfud
rF kk iz dY i lapkyd ¼tyla /kkj. k½rF kk iz dY i lapkyd ¼tyla /kkj. k½rF kk iz dY i lapkyd ¼tyla /kkj. k½rF kk iz dY i lapkyd ¼tyla /kkj. k½ f iz ;nf ’kZuh lgdkjh lw r fx j. kh] f ’kjiwj]f iz ;nf ’kZuh lgdkjh lw r fx j. kh] f ’kjiwj]f iz ;nf ’kZuh lgdkjh lw r fx j. kh] f ’kjiwj]f iz ;nf ’kZuh lgdkjh lw r fx j. kh] f ’kjiwj]
rk yq dk&f ’kjiw j]f tYg k /kq Gsrk yq dk&f ’kjiw j]f tYg k /kq Gsrk yq dk&f ’kjiw j]f tYg k /kq Gsrk yq dk&f ’kjiw j]f tYg k /kq Gs ---- xs Y;k 1&2 o”kkZ r fon HkZ ejkBokM;kr 5000 is {kk tkL r ‘ks rd &;ka uh
d tZ cktkjhi. kkik;h vkRegR;k d s ysY;k vkgs r-[kkun s ’kkrl qn /kk vkRegR;s ps l = Fkka cys ys ukgh-vkd Ms okjhr tkL r u xq a rrk] R;kP;k [kjs [kks Vs i. kkckcr ‘ka d k u ?ks rk vkiY;kyk ;s OgMs rj uDd hp Eg. krk ;s bZ y d h ‘ks rh ijoMr ukgh Eg. kw u]d tZ ok<ys Eg. kw u Qkj eks B;k iz ek. kkoj ‘ks rd jh vkRegR;k d jrkgs r-
‘ks rd &;kyk ‘ks rhlkBh ] f’k{k. kkl kBh] yXukl kBh d tZ gs d k<kos p ykxrs -iq <hy ga xke pka xyk ;s bZ y] ikml os Gs oj o iq js lk iMs y o Hkj/kksl fid ;s bZ y ;k vk’ks oj ‘ks rd jh vl rks -ija rq n jo”khZ d kghrjh vkiRrh ;s rs vkf.k ?ks rys Y;k d tkZ ph ijrQs M gks r ukgh-iq <P;k ga xkekl kBh iq Ugk d tZ d k<kos ykxrs -ekxps p d tZ u fQVrk n jo”khZ uohu d tZ d k<rk d k<rk d tkZ pk Mks a xj mH kk jkgrks vkf. k ,ds fn o’kh gk xjhc ‘ks rd jh e` R;q yk d oVkGrks -ts d kgh FkksMs cgq r ihd gkrkr ;s rs R;kyk ;ks X; H kko feGr ukgh-mRikn u[kpkZ oj vk/kkfjr H kko feGr ukgh-d tZ QsM. ;kph bZ PNk vlw ugh rs Qs Mrk ;s r ukgh-
tfeuhP;k rq d Mhd j. kkeq Gs iz R;s dkP;k okV;kyk d eh tehu ;s rs -R;kr rh d ks jMokgw R;keq Gs rh iMhd jkgrs -
gh l oZ d kj.ks ojojph vkgs r vls ek>s er vkgs -eq Gkr ‘ks rd jh d tZ cktkjh d k gks rks ;kps iz eq [k d kj.k Eg. kts jkT ;krhy 80 VDd s ‘ks rd jh vkt fl s pukiklw u oa fpr vkgs -jkT ;krhy viw .kZ o iz L rkfor eks Bh /kj.ks tjh iw .kZ >kyh rjh 80 VDd s ‘ks rd jh cs H kjo’kkP;k ikol kP;k ik. ;kojp fol a cw u jkg. kkj vkgs r-
iwo hZph i fj fLFk rhiwo hZph i fj fLFk rhiwo hZph i fj fLFk rhiwo hZph i fj fLFk rh 6666 5&70 Ik;Z a r ikml os GP;kos Gh iMr vl s -cjks cj 4 tw u] 7tw uyk ikml iMk;pk-
toGikl jks t Fkks Mk Fkks Mk ikml iMk;pk-ikol kph >M ykxk;ph R;keq Gs iq js l s ik.kh tfeuhr eq jk;ps -egkjk”Vz krhy 70VDd s tehu gyd h vkgs -fryk Jko. kl jhl kj[kk ikml e/kY;k d kGkr gok vl rks Eg. kts fid kP;k eq Gka uk [krik.kh ] thoul Ros oxS js iks gprs -
20O;k ‘krd kP;k v/kZ Hkkxkr outfeuhph VDd sokjh vktis {kk cjhp tkL r vl Y;keq Gs ta xykrhy >kMka P;k eq Gk}kjs outf euhr ik. kh uS l fxZ d fjR;k eq jk;ps o gs eq jys ys ik. kh fgokG;kr o mU gkG;kr un hr ;s r vl s -H kw tykpk milkgh rq jGd iz ek. kkoj cS yeks Vs us gks r vl Y;kus brj tfe uhr eq jys ys ik. kh un hr ;s r vls -R;keq Gs u|k ukY;ka uk ckjekgh iz okg vl s -R;keq Gs ,[kkns os Gh ikml tjh d eh iMyk rjh H kw tykpk mil k d :u ‘ks rd jh ‘ks rh d jhr vl s -
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vk tvk tvk tvk t p h i f jfL Fkrhp h i f jfL Fkrhp h i f jfL Fkrhp h i f jfL Fkrh vkrk ek= vkrk ek= vkrk ek= vkrk ek= ikml l q : gks rks 25 rs 28 tw uyk ikml rs Og<kp iMrks i.k ,d kp fn o’kh [kw i
ikml imrks ua rj ek= 15 fn ol ] 25 fn ol ikml ;srp ukgh-d s oG 4 rkl kr 300 fe-fe- ikml iMY;kph uks an vkiY;kyk c&;kp fBd k. kh igk;yk feGs y-40 rs 42 m”. krkeku viokn kRed vl k;ps ] vkrk ek= 44 rs 48 m”. krkeku fuR;k ps p >kys vkgs -‘ks rhps ikja ikfjd d kyeku cn yys ] ’ks rd jh ek= ikja ikfjd jkfgyk- tks ikml iMrks rks rjh l xGhd Ms l kj[kk iMrks d k\rj rls gh ukgh-vxn h fouks nkus Eg.kk;ps >kY;kl xkbZ P;k ,d k f’akxkoj ikml rj n ql &;k f’ka xkoj ik. ;kps fViw l ukgh-
outehu d k;e vl w ugh iz pa Miz ek.koj ta xyrks M >kY;keq Gs o Hkw ty mil k iz ek. kkckgs j ok<Y;keq Gs u|k Hkj ikol kG;krp dks jM;k iMrkgs r-ikml vkyk R;k fn o’kh QDr okgrka uk fnl rkr-ta xyka ph vuq iyC/krk] ik. kh vMfo. ;kps rks d Ms iz ;Ru ] o iz pa M iz ek. koj ,d kp fn o’kh H kjiw j iz ek. kkr iM.kkjk ikml ;keq Gs ikol kps cgq rs d l oZ ik.kh lq fid ekrhl g vo?;k d kgh rklkrp l eq n zkr okgw u tkrs -iz pa M iz ek. kkr ;s. kkjh dkgh ekrh u|k ukY;ka P;k mFkGi.kkyk d kj. khH kw r Bjrkr-
;k ikol kP;k ygjhi. kkpk QVd k ‘ks rd &;kP;k mRiUukoj gks rks o rks d tkZ P;k foG[;kr vMd rks vkf.k vkRegR;s yk iz o` Rr gks rks -
vk f.k ;klkBh p ra=vk /kkf jr vk f.k ;klkBh p ra=vk /kkf jr vk f.k ;klkBh p ra=vk /kkf jr vk f.k ;klkBh p ra=vk /kkf jr t yla/kk j.kt yla/kk j.kt yla/kk j.kt yla/kk j.k
4
Tkyla/kkj.kTkyla/kkj.kTkyla/kkj.kTkyla/kkj.k Eg.ktsEg.ktsEg.ktsEg.kts dkdkdkdk ;;;;
• Okuhdj .k
• mxekikl wu l axeki;Zar t kLrhrtkLr ik.kh v Mfo.ks
• RksRksRksRks ik. khik. khik. khik. kh t feuhrt feuhrt feuhrt feuhr eqj k;ykeqj k;ykeqj k;ykeqj k;yk HkkxHkkxHkkxHkkx ikM. ksikM. ksikM. ksikM. ks
• e`nl a/kkj. k
• miyC /k ik. ;kpk v fr’k; ‘kgk. ki. kkus okij
• ;k l oZ izfd;syk t yl a/kkj. k Eg. k. ks ;ksX; Bj sy-
tyl a /kkj. k d k;Z dz z e jkcforka uk egkjk”Vª krhy H kw L rjjpus pk vH ;kl d j.ks vfr’k;
xjts ps vkgs -d kj.k l oZ p H kwL rjkr l kj[;kp iz ek.kkr ik. kh eq jr ukgh-d kgh Hkw L rjkr [kw i rj d kghr Qkjp d eh ik. kh eq jrs vkf. k d kgha e/;s rj vftckr eq jr ukgh- egkjk”Vª kr 3 iz d kjP;k H kwL rjjpuk vkgs r-
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egkjk” Vªkrh y HkwLr jj pukegkjk” Vªkrh y HkwLr jj pukegkjk” Vªkrh y HkwLr jj pukegkjk” Vªkrh y HkwLr jj puk • Ekgkjk”Vª jkT ;kpk 82 VDds H kwH kkx csl kYV ;k [kMd kus cuys Y;k n [[kuP;k
iBkjkr ;s rks -cs l kYV gk [kMd 65 n ’ky{k o”kkZ iw ohZ >kys Y;k T okykeq [khP;k mnz sd kikl w u ykOgkjl Fka M gks mu r;kj >kys yk vkgs -R;keq Gs ;k [kMd ke/;s xkGka P;k [kMdkr [kk=hus vk<G. kkjh l fNn z rk o ik;Z rk vls yp vls ukgh- T okykeq [khP;k mnz s dkiklw u ykOgkjl Fka M gks mu r;kj >kys Y;k iz R;s d Fkjkps n ks u H kkx vl rkr-;kr ojpk 6 rs 8 ehVjpk Fkj gk l fNnz vl rks o ;kr ik. kh /k:u Bs o. ;kph o ik.kh ogu d j. ;kph {kerk vl rs -vl s H kql koGtoG 37 Fkj vkgs r-
• Ekgkjk”Vª jkT ;kpk 5 VDd s H kw H kkx gk rkih o iw . kZ k ;k unhP;k xkGkus O;kiys yk vkgs -;k H kwH kkxkr 300 rs 1000 Qw Vki;a Z r [kMd vk<Gr ukgh-;k e/;s d kGh ekrh] fioG h ekrh] xks y xks Vs ] ckjhd o tkM js rhps Fkj vk<Gr kr-/kq Gs ] tGxka o] uan q jckj] vd ks yk] vejkorh o cq y<k. kk ;k ftYg;kr xkGkpk H kkx vk<Grks -
• Ekgkjk”Vª jkT ;kpk 5 VDds Hkw Hkkx gk :ika rfjr [kMd kus O;kiyk vkgs -ukxiw j o ;orekGpk iw oZ H kkx] H ka Mkjk] xks a fn ;k] pan z iw j o xMfpjks yh ;k ftYg;kr gk :ika rfjr [kMd vk<Grks -
Ekgkjk” Vªkrh y HkwLr jj puk nk[k fo.kkEkgkjk” Vªkrh y HkwLr jj puk nk[k fo.kkEkgkjk” Vªkrh y HkwLr jj puk nk[k fo.kkEkgkjk” Vªkrh y HkwLr jj puk nk[k fo.kk jk ud k’kkjk ud k’kkjk ud k’kkjk ud k’kk
5
;;;; k iz R;s d H kwL rjkps iz ’u os xos xGs vkgs r-
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csl kYVps iB kjcsl kYVps iB kjcsl kYVps iB kjcsl kYVps iB kj cs l kYV H kkxkr iw ohZ un h ukys ckjekgh okgr vl r-vkrk ek= ikolkG;krp un h
ukys d ks jMs gks rkr-pka xyk ikml iMyk rj l k/;k fofgjh ,d n e H kjrkr i. k un h ukys ckjekgh ul Y;keq Gs tkus okjhe/;s p vkVrkr-,[kk|k ukY;koj ,[kkn k ca /kkjk cka /kyk rj 1 ] 2 o”kkZ rp rks ca /kkjk xkGkus Hk:u tkrks ;k Hkw Hkkxkrhy un h @ ukys ikol kG;kr ;s. kk&;k xkGkus mFkG >kys vkgs r-;k H kw Hkkxkrhy un h@ ukys iq Ugk ckjekgh d s Y;kf’kok; fofgjha uk ckjekgh ik. kh jkg. kkj ukgh-;kl kBh mxekikl w u la xeki;Z a r la iw . kZ ygku ygku ukys d ehrd eh 40Qw V :an d :u van kts 30 Qw V [kks y d jkos ykxrhy-o R;koj n j 300 rs 400 ehVjoj ca /kkjs cka /kkos ykxrhy-;k l oZ ca /kk&;ka uk n jokts ul kos r o l ka Mok ul kok d kj. k brD;k eks B;k iz ek . kkoj ca /kkjs cka /kko;kps >kY;kl l ka MO;klkBh ‘ks rd jh tkxk ns r ukgh-n ks u ca /kk&;krhy va rj] ukY;kps [kks yhd j. k vkf. k :a n hd j. k L FkkuijRos cn ys y-ik. kh ca/kk&;ko:u okgq |kos -,dkp ukY;koj l k[kGh in /krhus ca /kkj s cka /kY;keq Gs o ukyk iq js l k [kks y o :an d s Y;keq Gs xkG ;s . ;kps iz ek. k d eh jkghy-n jokts ul Y;keq Gs d ks Ygkiw j ca /kk&;kl kj[kh ;k ca /kk&;ka ph fL Fkrh gks. kkj ukgh-1995 Ik;Z a r egkjk”Vªkr Qkj eks B;k iz ek. kkoj d ks Ygkiw j ca /kk&;ka ph dkes >kyh gks rh-,d sd k ca /kk&;kph fd a er iUukl rs l Rrj yk[k : [kpZ gks r vl s -d s oG yks [ka Mh n kjs d k<.ks vkf. k cl fo. ks gs d ks . kh u d s Y;keq Gs ik. kh rj lkBys ukghp i. k d kyka rjkus rh yks [ka Mh n kjsl qn /kk pks jhyk xs yhr-
ukyk [kks y d jrka uk d kgh os Gk d Md >kys yk ukykrG l q :a xk}kjs dk<w u ik. kh
ftjo. kkjk eq :e m?kMk ikM. ks vR;a r xjts ps vl rs -gk d Md ukyk rG d k<Y;keq Gs ca /kk&;kr l kBys Y;k ik. ;kP;k n kckeq Gs ;k eq :ekr ik. kh ftjrs o ukY;kP;k n ks Ugh cktw P;k fofgjh o foa /k.k fofgjha ph ik. ;kph ikrGh y{k.kh; Lo:ikr ok<rs ,Ut hv ks IykLV,Ut hv ks IykLV,Ut hv ks IykLV,Ut hv ks IykLV he /;s tls ltZ u vMF kGk :i h e /;s tls ltZ u vMF kGk :i h e /;s tls ltZ u vMF kGk :i h e /;s tls ltZ u vMF kGk :i h xk B ltZ j h d : u d kiw u Vkd rks R; kp iz ek .ks uk Y; k e/;s vf N nz L rj vls y rj r ks cktw y k xk B ltZ j h d : u d kiw u Vkd rks R; kp iz ek .ks uk Y; k e/;s vf N nz L rj vls y rj r ks cktw y k xk B ltZ j h d : u d kiw u Vkd rks R; kp iz ek .ks uk Y; k e/;s vf N nz L rj vls y rj r ks cktw y k xk B ltZ j h d : u d kiw u Vkd rks R; kp iz ek .ks uk Y; k e/;s vf N nz L rj vls y rj r ks cktw y k d j. ks o ik .kh eq jk; pk ekxZ eks d G k d j .ks vko ’; d vk gsd j. ks o ik .kh eq jk; pk ekxZ eks d G k d j .ks vko ’; d vk gsd j. ks o ik .kh eq jk; pk ekxZ eks d G k d j .ks vko ’; d vk gsd j. ks o ik .kh eq jk; pk ekxZ eks d G k d j .ks vko ’; d vk gs ---- ; kyk p v ki. k ra =vk/ kkf jr ; kyk p v ki. k ra =vk/ kkf jr ; kyk p v ki. k ra =vk/ kkf jr ; kyk p v ki. k ra =vk/ kkf jr t yla /k kj. k d k;Z dz ek rh y t yla /k kj. k d k;Z dz ek rh y t yla /k kj. k d k;Z dz ek rh y t yla /k kj. k d k;Z dz ek rh y , Ut hvks Iy kLV, Ut hvks Iy kLV, Ut hvks Iy kLV, Ut hvks Iy kLV h h h h Eg .kw ; kEg .kw ; kEg .kw ; kEg .kw ; k ----
l a iw. kZ egkjk”V 100 VDd s nq”d kGewDr vkf .k egk iwjewDr nq”d kGewDr vkf .k egk iwjewDr nq”d kGewDr vkf .k egk iwjewDr nq”d kGewDr vkf .k egk iwjewDr d jko;kpk >kY;kl iz R;sd [ks M;kus vkiY;k f’kokjkr iMys yk l oZ ikml ] ’kkl dh; o outfeuhoj iMys yk l oZ ikml vMfoyk ikfgts -o ygku ygku rG;kr ] ca /kk&;kr l kBfoyk ikfgts vkf. k Hkw ty ikrGh [kks y u tk. ;kl kBh rks tfeuhr eq joyk ikfgts - ;kyk jktd h; bZ PNk’kfDr ph xjt vkgs -‘kkl d h; /kks j.k ;kiz ek. ks vuq dw y d j. ;kph vko’;d rk vkgs - nq l &; k ‘ kCnk r lka xko; k pnq l &; k ‘ kCnk r lka xko; k pnq l &; k ‘ kCnk r lka xko; k pnq l &; k ‘ kCnk r lka xko; k p s > kY; k l iz R;s d u nhP; k s > kY; k l iz R;s d u nhP; k s > kY; k l iz R;s d u nhP; k s > kY; k l iz R;s d u nhP; k iz R;s d i k.k yks Vk rhy iz R;s d y? kw ik. kyks V{ks = kr hy y gk ueks B; k iz R;s d u kY; koj nj 3 00 rs iz R;s d i k.k yks Vk rhy iz R;s d y? kw ik. kyks V{ks = kr hy y gk ueks B; k iz R;s d u kY; koj nj 3 00 rs iz R;s d i k.k yks Vk rhy iz R;s d y? kw ik. kyks V{ks = kr hy y gk ueks B; k iz R;s d u kY; koj nj 3 00 rs iz R;s d i k.k yks Vk rhy iz R;s d y? kw ik. kyks V{ks = kr hy y gk ueks B; k iz R;s d u kY; koj nj 3 00 rs 5 00 e hVj va rj koj rka f =d vH; k l d : u ygk u y gk u ca /k5 00 e hVj va rj koj rka f =d vH; k l d : u ygk u y gk u ca /k5 00 e hVj va rj koj rka f =d vH; k l d : u ygk u y gk u ca /k5 00 e hVj va rj koj rka f =d vH; k l d : u ygk u y gk u ca /k kjs cka /k .ks vko ’; d vkgskjs cka /k .ks vko ’; d vkgskjs cka /k .ks vko ’; d vkgskjs cka /k .ks vko ’; d vkgs ----o ud k; | kr v ko’; d r h nq :L rh d : uo ud k; | kr v ko’; d r h nq :L rh d : uo ud k; | kr v ko’; d r h nq :L rh d : uo ud k; | kr v ko’; d r h nq :L rh d : u ]jk tdkj .kk P; k oj m Bw u gs d ke d k Gk ph xjt ]jk tdkj .kk P; k oj m Bw u gs d ke d k Gk ph xjt ]jk tdkj .kk P; k oj m Bw u gs d ke d k Gk ph xjt ]jk tdkj .kk P; k oj m Bw u gs d ke d k Gk ph xjt E g.kw uE g.kw uE g.kw uE g.kw u d j .ks v ko’; d v kgsd j .ks v ko’; d v kgsd j .ks v ko’; d v kgsd j .ks v ko’; d v kgs ----
5
;keq Gs vkt egkjk”Vkr l oZ nw j
• ts egkiw jkps rka Mo pkyq vkgs R;kyk dk;epk vkGk cl sy- • fi. ;kP;k ik. ;kph Va pkbZ @ fla puklkBh ik. ;kph Va pkbZ vftckr jkg. kkj ukgh- • d kgh o”kkZ rp l oZ u|k o ukys iohZl kj[ks p ckjekgh okgw ykxrhy-
ra = vk/kkfjr tyl a /kkj. kkps d ke mRrefjrhus >k Y;kl y?kw ik. kyks V {ks =krhy
tyl a irhP;k fod kl kps vls fp= vls y-
43
ikml d ks Bs iMkok] dl k iMkok] fd rh tks jkr iMkok] fdrh iMkok gs rj vkiY;k gkrkr ukgh-ful xkZ P;k ethZ uq l kj rks d ks Bs vf/kd rj d ks Bs deh &d ks Bs l rr/kkj rj d ks Bs ux. ;vl k iM. kkjp vkgs -ija rq vl k iM. kkjk ikml dks Bs vMokok] dl k vMokok] fd rh tks jkr vMokok] fd rh vMokok gs rj vkiY;k gkrkr vkgs -rs mijks Dr in /krhus vMfo.ks vR;a r xjts ps >kys vkgs -;kpkp vFkZ ik.kh H kw i` ”Bk[kkyh is jkos ykxs y-tfeuhr eq BH kj ch is jY;kf’kok; vus d fDoa Vy /kkU; feGr ukgh- r}r p Fks a c Fks a c ik.kh is jY;kf’kok; H kw xH kkZ r tyk’k; l kBk fuekZ . k gks ow ‘kd. kkj ukgh-
6
67
Ca k/k kjkCa k/k kjkCa k/k kjkCa k/k kjk d z e ka dd z e ka dd z e ka dd z e ka d 17 17 17 17 R kkt iw jhR kkt iw jhR kkt iw jhR kkt iw jh ;;;; s Fk hys Fk hys Fk hys Fk hy iq uHkZ j. kiq uHkZ j. kiq uHkZ j. kiq uHkZ j. k ca /ca /ca /ca / kk &; krkk &; krkk &; krkk &; kr >>>> kys y kkys y kkys y kkys y k ik .k hik .k hik .k hik .k h lk Bklk Bklk Bklk Bk
64
Ca k/k kjkCa k/k kjkCa k/k kjkCa k/k kjk dze kaddze kaddze kaddze kad 7777
rk ih o iw.kZk u nhP ;k xkGk pk izns’krk ih o iw.kZk u nhP ;k xkGk pk izns’krk ih o iw.kZk u nhP ;k xkGk pk izns’krk ih o iw.kZk u nhP ;k xkGk pk izns’k /kq Gs ] tGxka o] ua nq jckj] ;k ftYg;kr rkih un hP;k xkGkpk H kkx vk<Grks - rj
vd ks yk] vejkorh o cq y<k. kk ;k ftYg;kr iq . kZ k unhP;k xkGkpk H kkx vk<Grks -;k Hkkxkr ik. kh eq j. ;kps iz ek. k vR;Yi vkgs -fioG;k ekrhpk Fkj i k. kh Qkj eks B;k iz ek. kkr f>jiw n s r ukgh-;k xkGkP;k H kkxkr okGw ps Fkj vkgs r-fioG;k ekrhps o okGw ps Fkj vkyVw u ikyVw u vkgs r-okGw P;k Fkjkr
7
30 VDd s ik. kh eq : ‘kd rs -Fkks Ms Fkks Ms ik.kh ft:u gs okGw ps Fkj l a i` Dr >kys gks rs -1972 l kyh fots ps ia i vkY;kua rj ik. ;kpk mil k ok<yk-1985 Ik;Z a r ;k Hkkxkrhy l k/;k fofgjh ] T ;ka ph l jkl jh [kks yh 100Qw V gks rh ] vkVY;k-ua rj yksd ka uh dw iufyd k [kksn Y;k-R;ka ph [kks yhl qn /kk vkrk 800 Qw Vki;Z a r xs yh vkgs -vkrk R;kgh vkVr vkgs r-uS l fxZd iq uH kZ j. kkpk os x mi’kkP;k os xkis {kk [kw ip d eh vl Y;keq Gs ik. ;kph ikrGh oj ;s . ks d ` f= e H kw ty iq uH kZj. k d s Y;kf’kok; ‘kD; ukgh-
Ikkol kps ik. kh vFkok /kj. k H kjY;koj ok;k tk. kkjs ik. kh ‘kqn /k d :u ] xkGw u rs ik. kh
tj ;k H kkxkrhy d ks jM;k fofgjhr o:u Vkd ys rj ;k fofgjh}kjs rs ik. kh tfeuhr tkmu ik. ;kph ikrGh ok<w ‘kd rs gs /kq Gs ftYg;krhy iz ;ks xko:u fl n/k >kys ys vkgs -;k d ks jM;k fofgjhtoG 10 Qw V ck; 10Qw V ck; 10Qw V ;k vkd kjkps 2 Vkd s cka /kkos -1Y;k Vkd s fjd kes Bs okos o n q l &;k VkD;kr rGk’kh xks y xks Vs] R;kP;koj tkM js rh] o R;kua rj c kjhd js rh vl s Fkj |kos -1Y;k VkD;kr ik. kh vkY;koj R;kfBd k. kh xkG [kkyh cl s y] rs ik.kh nq l &;k VkD;kr tkbZ y –rs Fks rs xkGY;k tkbZ y o R;k VkD;kP;k rGk’kh vl ysY;k ikbZ ie/kw u rs ik.kh l rr fofgjhr iMr jkghy-;k in /krhus H kw tyiq uH kZ j. kkps d ke /kq Gs ftYg;krhy f’kjiw j rkyq D;kr xs Y;k 3 o”kkZ ikl w u lq : vkgs -60 gtkj fyVj iz frrkl ;k os xkus ik.kh fofgjhr tkr vkgs rjh fofgjh H kjr ukghr-
Rkkih un hP;k xkGkP;k iz ns ’kkrhy xs Y;k 20 o”kkZ iklwu d ks jM;k vl ys Y;k fofgjhps
Nk;kfp=
18
Rkkih un hP;k xkGkP;k iz ns ’kkrhy xs Y;k 20 o”kkZ iklwu d ks jM;k vl ys Y;k fofgjhps ikol kP;k @ /kj. kkP;k ok;k tk. kk&;k ik. ;kus iq uHkZ j.k
8
83
j kstxk j geh ;ks tuk vkf .k ra =vk/kk fjr j kstxk j geh ;ks tuk vkf .k ra =vk/kk fjr j kstxk j geh ;ks tuk vkf .k ra =vk/kk fjr j kstxk j geh ;ks tuk vkf .k ra =vk/kk fjr t yla /kkj .k@ e’khujh pkt yla /kkj .k@ e’khujh pkt yla /kkj .k@ e’khujh pkt yla /kkj .k@ e’khujh pk ok ijok ijok ijok ij
ra = vk/kkfjr ty l a /kkj. k ;ks tuk jkcforka uk jks txkj geh ;ks tus ’kh ;kph l ka xM ?kkyq u;s -ik. kyks V {ks= fod kl gk d k;Zd z e jks txkj geh ;ks tus ’kh ?kVVi. ks fuxfMr d s yk vkgs - jks txkj geh ;ks tuk gh n q ”d kGk’kh cka /kyh vkgs -;kpk ifj. kke vl k >kyk d h] nq ”dkG iMs y rs a Ogk ok etw j feG rhy rs a Ogk tyl a /kkj. kkph d kes d :-jkT ;kr vkt mYys [k d jkok vl s ,d gh ik.kyks V {ks = fod fl r >kys ukgh-/kj. k o d kyos ;kps tkGs T ;k fu;ks ftr in /krhus y{k n s mu ] ,dk [kkR;kph rh tokcn kjh Bjow u il jfoys tkr vkgs ] R;k rGeGhus ik. kyks V {ks = fod kl kyk egRo fn ys tkr ukgh vls EgVys rj rh Vhd k B: u;s -ik. kyks V fod kl d k;Z dz ekl kBh fu/khph d erjrk ukgh d kj. k jks txkj geh ;ks tus vrxZ r n jo”khZ 2-5 gtkj d ks Vh :Ik;s d jkP;k ek/;ekrw u tek gks rkr-ik. ;kph d eh ukgh-n q ”d kG vkgs rks
l q fu;ks tukpk-vo tM e’k hujh oki :u ]nq”d kG v lks ok ulks]e tw j v lks vo tM e’k hujh oki :u ]nq”d kG v lks ok ulks]e tw j v lks vo tM e’k hujh oki :u ]nq”d kG v lks ok ulks]e tw j v lks vo tM e’k hujh oki :u ]nq”d kG v lks ok ulks]e tw j v lks ok ulks ik.k yksV {ks= d k;Zdze jk cok; pk p vkf.k rksg h ;sR;k 10 ok ulks ik.k yksV {ks= d k;Zdze jk cok; pk p vkf.k rksg h ;sR;k 10 ok ulks ik.k yksV {ks= d k;Zdze jk cok; pk p vkf.k rksg h ;sR;k 10 ok ulks ik.k yksV {ks= d k;Zdze jk cok; pk p vkf.k rksg h ;sR;k 10 o”kkZr ]vlk vki .k fuxzg d j.ks vko’;d vkgso”kkZr ]vlk vki .k fuxzg d j.ks vko’;d vkgso”kkZr ]vlk vki .k fuxzg d j.ks vko’;d vkgso”kkZr ]vlk vki .k fuxzg d j.ks vko’;d vkgs ---- etw j &eLV j ;k retw j &eLV j ;k retw j &eLV j ;k retw j &eLV j ;k r ik .kyksV {ks= fod klklk j[ ;k egRokP ;k d k;Zdzeklv Md owu Vkd .ks ik .kyksV {ks= fod klklk j[ ;k egRokP ;k d k;Zdzeklv Md owu Vkd .ks ik .kyksV {ks= fod klklk j[ ;k egRokP ;k d k;Zdzeklv Md owu Vkd .ks ik .kyksV {ks= fod klklk j[ ;k egRokP ;k d k;Zdzeklv Md owu Vkd .ks c jksc j ukghc jksc j ukghc jksc j ukghc jksc j ukgh ---- eks Bs /kj.k cka /krka uk vki. k ;a = l keq xz h okijrks R;kpiz ek. ks ik. kyks V {ks =
fod kl kl kj[;k egRokP;k d k;Z dz ekyk ;a = lkeq xz h okij. ks o r d ke yod jkr yod j iw . kZ d j. ks gh vkt d kGkph xjt vkgs -tokcn kjh vks G[kw u vki. k tj gs d ke os Gs r iw . kZ d : ‘kd yks ukgh rj jkT ;krhy 80 VDd s ofgrh;ks X; tfeuhyk n q ckj ih d ?ks . ;klkBh l q n/kk ik.kh miyC/k gks . kkj ukgh-
9
miyC/k /kj. kka ps ykH k{ks= l ks MY;kl brj= l oZn w j ‘ks rd &;ka P;kp uOgs rj brjgh l kekU; yks d ka P;k vkRegR;k ok<rhy-R;keq Gs vkReg R;s l kBh n s ; vuq n ku okV. ks gk ,d es o d k;Zd z e uftd P;k H kfo”;d kGkr jkfgY;kl vk’p;Z okV. ;kps dkj. k ukgh-;kmyV mijks Dr in /krhus tj uftd P;k d kGkr ifj. kkedkjd fjR;k d ke d s ys rj fi. ;kP;k ik. ;kph Va pkbZ rj jkg.kkj ukghp i. k n q ckj fid kl kBh H kjiw j ik. kh miyC/k gks m ‘kds y-v’kk in /krhps d ke /kq Gs ftYg;krhy f’kjiw j rkyq D;kr 3 o”kkZ ikl w u l q : vkgs -
/ kqGs ftYg;krhy f ’kj iwj rkyqD; kr >kys Y;k ra=vk/ kkfjr / kqGs ftYg;krhy f ’kj iwj rkyqD; kr >kys Y;k ra=vk/ kkfjr / kqGs ftYg;krhy f ’kj iwj rkyqD; kr >kys Y;k ra=vk/ kkfjr / kqGs ftYg;krhy f ’kj iwj rkyqD; kr >kys Y;k ra=vk/ kkfjr tyla /k kj .k dke kph rksaMvksG[ktyla /k kj .k dke kph rksaMvksG[ktyla /k kj .k dke kph rksaMvksG[ktyla /k kj .k dke kph rksaMvksG[k
f’kjiw j rkyq D;kps vken kj ek-vefj’kH kkbZ iVs y ;ka uh vkW DVks cj 2004 iklw u rs v/;{k vl ys Y;k
fiz ;n f’kZ uh l gd kjh l w r fxj. khP;k vkfFkZ d ikBha C;kus rkyq d k gk ?kVd ekuw u ra = vk/kkfjr tyl a /kkj. kkps dke l q : d s ys -
fiz ;n f’kZ uh ik. kyks V {ks = fod kl d k;Z
d kyko/kh vkDVks cj 2004 rs vktrkxk;r n xMh ca /kkjs &65-‘ks rrGs &3
fofgj iq uH kZ j. k&59-iq uH kZ j.k d kyok fofgj iq uH kZ j.kklkBh &29 fd -eh- 19 fd -eh- ukY;kps 30 rs 50 Qw V :an hd j.k o 30 rs 40 Qw V [kks yhd j.k o R;koj 65 ca /kkjs -
,dw.k loZ d kekpk [k pZ & 6,dw.k loZ d kekpk [k pZ & 6,dw.k loZ d kekpk [k pZ & 6,dw.k loZ d kekpk [k pZ & 6 d ksVh d ksVh d ksVh d ksVh 55555555 yk [k :Ik ;syk [k :Ik ;syk [k :Ik ;syk [k :Ik ;s ---- loZ d kes e’khu jh ykowu dsyh rloZ d kes e’khu jh ykowu dsyh rloZ d kes e’khu jh ykowu dsyh rloZ d kes e’khu jh ykowu dsyh r ----
n jo”khZ t yla/kk j.k d keklkBh 2 d ksVh : Ik;n jo”khZ t yla/kk j.k d keklkBh 2 d ksVh : Ik;n jo”khZ t yla/kk j.k d keklkBh 2 d ksVh : Ik;n jo”khZ t yla/kk j.k d keklkBh 2 d ksVh : Ik; ssss ns.kk jh egkjns.kk jh egkjns.kk jh egkjns.kk jh egkj k” Vªkrhy k” Vªkrhy k” Vªkrhy k” Vªkrhy ,d eso lgd k jh laLFkk,d eso lgd k jh laLFkk,d eso lgd k jh laLFkk,d eso lgd k jh laLFkk ----
22222222 xkokr d ke iq.kZxkokr d ke iq.kZxkokr d ke iq.kZxkokr d ke iq.kZ ---- rkrkrkrk yqD ;krh y la iw.kZ 1 49 xkokr d ke d j .kkjyqD ;krh y la iw.kZ 1 49 xkokr d ke d j .kkjyqD ;krh y la iw.kZ 1 49 xkokr d ke d j .kkjyqD ;krh y la iw.kZ 1 49 xkokr d ke d j .kkj ---- if j. kkeif j. kkeif j. kkeif j. kke
cslkYVO ;kIr {ks=krhy fofg jhaps ik.kh m UgkG;kr 25 QwVko j vkys- rkihP;k xkGkP;k izns’kkrhy 280 QwVk oj vlys yh ik. ;kph ikrGh 80
QwVkoj vkyh- /kj. kkps ik. kh rj ukg/kj. kkps ik. kh rj ukg/kj. kkps ik. kh rj ukg/kj. kkps ik. kh rj ukg hp vkf. k ikol kP;k ik. ;kph geh ukgh v’kk d k=hr l kiMys Y;k ‘ks rd &;kyk hp vkf. k ikol kP;k ik. ;kph geh ukgh v’kk d k=hr l kiMys Y;k ‘ks rd &;kyk hp vkf. k ikol kP;k ik. ;kph geh ukgh v’kk d k=hr l kiMys Y;k ‘ks rd &;kyk hp vkf. k ikol kP;k ik. ;kph geh ukgh v’kk d k=hr l kiMys Y;k ‘ks rd &;kyk
ra = vk/kkfjr t yl a /kkj. kkP;k ek/;ek rw u QDr ik. kh miy c/k d :u fn Y;kl ‘ks rd jh vkReg R;k ra = vk/kkfjr t yl a /kkj. kkP;k ek/;ek rw u QDr ik. kh miy c/k d :u fn Y;kl ‘ks rd jh vkReg R;k ra = vk/kkfjr t yl a /kkj. kkP;k ek/;ek rw u QDr ik. kh miy c/k d :u fn Y;kl ‘ks rd jh vkReg R;k ra = vk/kkfjr t yl a /kkj. kkP;k ek/;ek rw u QDr ik. kh miy c/k d :u fn Y;kl ‘ks rd jh vkReg R;k d j. kkj ukgh ;kph [kk=h okVrsd j. kkj ukgh ;kph [kk=h okVrsd j. kkj ukgh ;kph [kk=h okVrsd j. kkj ukgh ;kph [kk=h okVrs ----