BENCHMARKING INDONESIAN LOCAL E-GOVERNMENT

BENCHMARKING INDONESIAN LOCAL E-GOVERNMENT

Authors:Authors:Nurdin NurdinNurdin Nurdin

Rosemary StockdaleRosemary Stockdale

Helana ScheepersHelana Scheepers

Faculty of Information and Faculty of Information and

Communication TechnologiesCommunication Technologies

Swinburne University of TechnologySwinburne University of TechnologyPresented at PACIS Presented at PACIS conference in Ho Chi conference in Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam on 14 Minh City Vietnam on 14 July 2012July 2012 Swinburne University of TechnolgySwinburne University of Technolgy

DefinitionsDefinitions

E-Government: E-Government: “a web-based information system which provides online services and an interaction channel” (Al-Haddad, Heyland, & Hubona, 2011, p. 1)

BenchmarkingBenchmarking: : “a process whereby an organization evaluates its operations by comparison to similar organizations” (Mosse & Whitley, 2009, p. 155)

Presented at PACIS Presented at PACIS conference in Ho Chi conference in Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam on 14 Minh City Vietnam on 14 July 2012July 2012 Swinburne University of TechnolgySwinburne University of Technolgy

E-Government evaluation Model E-Government evaluation Model


Evaluation Criteria Based on UN (2008) E-government Evaluation Criteria Based on UN (2008) E-government Benchmarking ModelBenchmarking Model


Indonesian Government HierarchyIndonesian Government Hierarchy

Based on Regional Autonomy Law No. 32/2004- Provinces are functioned as the coordinator of regencies and cities level. Provinces do

not have authority to mandate regencies and cities to adopt certain policies


E-government in IndonesiaE-government in Indonesia 2000 - The central government enacted President Decree No. 50

in 2000 concerning Indonesia Telematic Coordination Team (TKTI) to coordinate the development of information and communication technology (ICT) in government and private sectors

2001- The central government issued President Instruction No. 6/2001 concerning Indonesia’s five-year National Information Communication and Technology Action Plan to encourage the use of ICT to empower citizens, increase their welfare, reduce poverty, and eliminate the digital divide.

2003 - the Indonesian government launched Presidential Instruction No. 9/2003 to establish an ICT Coordinating Team ( TKTI = Tim Koordinasi Telematika Indonesia) to coordinate and develop of ICT within government, business, and citizens as well as the use of ICT for better development


E-Government in Indonesia: continuedE-Government in Indonesia: continued

2003 – The central government launched Presidential Instruction No.3/2003 to officially adopt and implement of e-government within government institutions

2004 – Ministry of Information and Communication provides E-Government implementation Blue Print


Methodology Methodology

- We use data from Indonesia Ministry of Internal State affairs (Depdagri, 201)

- There are 489 regencies and cities within 33 Indonesia provinces

- data collection from early March to end of May 2011

- We use criteria in table 2- A regency or city is classified into a stage if it

has minimum 3 criteria out of five


FindingsFindings From the 489 local governments we

examined we found that: - 424 local governments have websites of which

353 are accessible. - 74 websites were offline (it has a website but we

couldn’t accessed - 62 local governments did not have websites at

the time of data collection


Findings: continuedFindings: continued

Emerging Emerging : 353 (55%) regencies and cities: 353 (55%) regencies and cities Enhance Enhance : 193 (28%) regencies and : 193 (28%) regencies and

citiescities Interactive Interactive : 98 (17%) regencies and cities: 98 (17%) regencies and cities Transaction Transaction : 1 city (Denpasar) : 1 city (Denpasar) Connected Connected : Nil: Nil



Most local e-government is still at an emerging stage merely showing websites, and some websites are not managed and maintained according to e-government blue-prints (standardizations) (Depkominfo, 2004)

Some local government websites are managed by different departments such as Regional Secretary Office (SEKDA), Department of Regional Development Planning (BAPEDA), and private companies instead managed by the local government Communication and Information department as required by the blue print.

Different use of domain names, such as “org” and “com” instead of “go.id” (government formal website domain name).

Lack of maintaining which includes: - out of date information such more than three months are not

updated - , inaccuracy



Lack of maintaining which includes: - out of date information such more than three

months are not updated - information in accuracy, such as website

names, downloadable information is not available


DiscussionDiscussion

After almost a decade of Presidential Instruction No.3/2003 concerning the National Policy and Strategy of e-government implementation was launched, most local governments are still at emerging stage which impacts:e-government might not able to provide significant benefits for both citizens and the local governmentin efficiency use of government budget because the e-government at emerging level might not compatible with financial value that has been invested.lack of standardization of e-government implementation across regencies and cities.


ImplicationsImplications

These findings can assist the Indonesian government and policy makers to understand the current state of local e-government in Indonesia and take some actions such as:Redesign policies and strategies regarding e-government implementation within local governmentsestablish strong policies and regulations regarding e-government implementationForm a task force to monitor and evaluate the e-government implementation


ConclusionsConclusions

local e-government in Indonesia can only be grouped in four stages; Emerging, Transactional, Interactive, and Transactional, not five stages.

the highest stage of local e-government development in Indonesia is transactional

Most of Indonesia local e-government are emerging


Limitation & Future ResearchLimitation & Future Research

Since our study only use online data from local government websites, it is required to investigate e-government development using a more in depth evaluation within the government organizations.

It is also required to understand why some local governments have yet to adopt functional websites despite policies and regulations to do so having been launched by the central government


SuggestionsSuggestions

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Questions?Questions?


Education

BENCHMARKING INDONESIAN LOCAL E-GOVERNMENT