What is Business AnalystWhat is Business AnalystIIBA Definition of a Business Analyst:IIBA Definition of a Business Analyst:

Business Analysts are responsible for identifying business needs.Business Analysts are responsible for identifying business needs.The Business Analyst is responsible for requirements development and The Business Analyst is responsible for requirements development and requirements management. Specifically, the Business Analyst elicits, analyzes, requirements management. Specifically, the Business Analyst elicits, analyzes, validates and documents business, organizational and/or operational validates and documents business, organizational and/or operational requirements.  Solutions are not predetermined by the Business Analyst, but are requirements.  Solutions are not predetermined by the Business Analyst, but are driven solely by the requirements of the business.  Solutions often include a driven solely by the requirements of the business.  Solutions often include a systems development component, but may also consist of process improvement systems development component, but may also consist of process improvement or organizational change.or organizational change. The Business Analyst is a key facilitator within an organization, acting as a bridge The Business Analyst is a key facilitator within an organization, acting as a bridge between the client, stakeholders and the solution team.between the client, stakeholders and the solution team.Business Analysis is distinct from financial analysis, project management, quality Business Analysis is distinct from financial analysis, project management, quality assurance, organizational development, testing, training and documentation assurance, organizational development, testing, training and documentation development.development.

International Institute for Business AnalysisInternational Institute for Business Analysis http://www.iiba.comhttp://www.iiba.com

• Usually assigned to the project after it has startedUsually assigned to the project after it has started• Responsible for bridging the gap between the Business and ITResponsible for bridging the gap between the Business and IT• Learn the business inside and outLearn the business inside and out• Essentially the architect of effective business systemsEssentially the architect of effective business systems• Job title, definition and responsibilities viewed inconsistently across Job title, definition and responsibilities viewed inconsistently across

the industrythe industry

Business

Technology

Business Analyst Working Domains Business Analyst Working Domains

• Banking & financial Banking & financial • InsuranceInsurance• Health careHealth care• HRMHRM• TelecomTelecom• Airline Airline • Marketing or manufacturing Marketing or manufacturing

BA is going to work on different domains depends upon BA is going to work on different domains depends upon company projectscompany projects

insurance

telecom

banking

healthcare

HRM

EXAMPLEEXAMPLE

CEAT Company is a client CEAT Company is a client

Business AnalystBusiness Analyst

client

It company

IBM

T-MOBILE

GATHERING REQUIREMENTS

Design developers

Testing engineers

• In above diagram for example, client want to built his intranet Home In above diagram for example, client want to built his intranet Home page for his internal collaboration and communication between their page for his internal collaboration and communication between their employees.employees.

• As a BA we are going to interact with the clients and gather As a BA we are going to interact with the clients and gather requirements.requirements.

• Prepare the BRD document Prepare the BRD document • Business Requirement DocumentBusiness Requirement Document• Work flowsWork flows• Wire framesWire frames• Use case documents and diagramsUse case documents and diagrams• Test case documentTest case document• UAT & Function test caseUAT & Function test case

Structure of BRDStructure of BRD

• IntroductionIntroduction• Project over viewProject over view• ScopeScope• Functional requirementsFunctional requirements Requirements Requirements Use case documentsUse case documents Use case diagramsUse case diagrams HIPO chartsHIPO charts• Non functional requirementsNon functional requirements QualityQuality PerformancePerformance HardwareHardware SoftwareSoftware SecuritySecurity• Data base requirementsData base requirements• Rtm Rtm

BRD DocumentBRD Document

• BRD should be converted into function requirement documentBRD should be converted into function requirement document• FRD functional requirement document (how the functionality of FRD functional requirement document (how the functionality of

system is working which we are developing)system is working which we are developing)Example :login page (as a BA you have gathered requirements for Example :login page (as a BA you have gathered requirements for

login page & intranet page from clients) login page & intranet page from clients)

cancelsubmit

username

password

When user clicks on submit button the intranet page as to open

1.1. Planning Business Analysis activitiesPlanning Business Analysis activities2.2. Requirements elicitation Requirements elicitation 3.3. Requirements analysisRequirements analysis4.4. Requirements specificationRequirements specification5.5. Requirements validation & verificationRequirements validation & verification6.6. Requirements allocation and tracingRequirements allocation and tracing7.7. Requirements change managementRequirements change management8.8. Organizational change managementOrganizational change management

Business Analyst Role - Implementation PeriodBusiness Analyst Role - Implementation Period

Business Analyst Career PathBusiness Analyst Career Path

LevelLevel ProficiencyProficiency ResponsibilitiesResponsibilities CompetenciesCompetencies

StrategicStrategic Ability to perform Ability to perform strategic tasks with strategic tasks with minimal directionminimal direction

Strategic PlanningStrategic PlanningEnterprise AnalysisEnterprise AnalysisMentoringMentoring

Business & IT StrategyBusiness & IT StrategyProgram and Portfolio Mgt.Program and Portfolio Mgt.Systems Engineering, BPR, Six Systems Engineering, BPR, Six SigmaSigmaEnterprise ArchitectureEnterprise ArchitectureBusiness Case DevelopmentBusiness Case Development

SeniorSenior Ability to perform Ability to perform complex tasks with complex tasks with minimal coachingminimal coaching

Elicit, Analyze, Elicit, Analyze, Specify, Validate, Specify, Validate, Manage Manage RequirementsRequirements

Business & IT DomainsBusiness & IT DomainsProject & Program Mgt.Project & Program Mgt.Systems Engineering, BPR, Six Systems Engineering, BPR, Six SigmaSigmaRequirements EngineeringRequirements Engineering

IntermediateIntermediate Ability to perform Ability to perform simple-to-moderately simple-to-moderately complex tasks with complex tasks with minimal assistanceminimal assistance

Elicit, Analyze, Elicit, Analyze, Specify, Validate, Specify, Validate, Manage Manage RequirementsRequirements

Business &/or IT DomainBusiness &/or IT DomainProject ManagementProject ManagementBPR, Six SigmaBPR, Six SigmaWorkshop FacilitationWorkshop FacilitationRequirements Modeling Requirements Modeling

AssociateAssociate Ability to perform Ability to perform simple tasks with simple tasks with assistanceassistance

ScribeScribeSimple modelsSimple modelsHelp Desk supportHelp Desk support

PM/BA PrinciplesPM/BA PrinciplesBPR, Six Sigma PrinciplesBPR, Six Sigma PrinciplesBusiness WritingBusiness Writing

Associate Business Associate Business AnalystAnalyst

Business AnalystBusiness Analyst Senior Business Senior Business AnalystAnalyst

Business Business ConsultantConsultant

Typical DeliverablesTypical Deliverables • Trouble ticket Trouble ticket resolutionresolution

• Defect tracking Defect tracking • Requirements for Requirements for

maintenance and maintenance and enhancementenhancement

Requirements:Requirements:• Planning Planning • ElicitationElicitation• AnalysisAnalysis• DocumentationDocumentation• V&VV&V

• Business CaseBusiness Case• Client Client

PresentationsPresentations• Client ProposalsClient Proposals• Client CoachingClient Coaching• MentoringMentoring

• Feasibility Feasibility StudiesStudies

• New business New business opportunity opportunity analysisanalysis

• Business CaseBusiness Case• Portfolio analysisPortfolio analysis

Typical Scope of Typical Scope of ResponsibilityResponsibility

• Production Production SupportSupport

• Small Small maintenance maintenance projectsprojects

1-3 low-risk projects 1-3 low-risk projects within a business unitwithin a business unit

1 significant, high-risk 1 significant, high-risk project / program across project / program across the enterprisethe enterprise

• Strategic Strategic planningplanning

• Pre-project Pre-project business business analysis analysis

• Portfolio Portfolio managementmanagement

Minimum Minimum Experience Experience

1 year1 year 3 years3 years 7 years7 years 10 years 10 years

CertificationCertification Masters Certificate in Masters Certificate in BABA

CBAP CertificationCBAP CertificationPMP CertificationPMP Certification

Internal Certification Internal Certification

Professional Professional AffiliationAffiliation

PMI & IIBA memberPMI & IIBA member PMI & IIBA memberPMI & IIBA member PMI & IIBA member PMI & IIBA member IIBA chapter committeeIIBA chapter committee

PMI & IIBA member PMI & IIBA member IIBA PMI chapter officerIIBA PMI chapter officer

Alternative Business Analyst Career PathAlternative Business Analyst Career Path

Business Analyst Organizational PlacementBusiness Analyst Organizational PlacementLevelLevel Organizational PlacementOrganizational Placement

StrategicStrategic Part of an enterprise-wide PMO or center of excellence with a strategic focusPart of an enterprise-wide PMO or center of excellence with a strategic focusWorking on pre-project analysis, serving as BA for strategic initiatives, and managing Working on pre-project analysis, serving as BA for strategic initiatives, and managing projects for valueprojects for value

SeniorSenior • In IT (67%)In IT (67%)• The business may not take ownership of problemsThe business may not take ownership of problems

• In BU (10.8%) In BU (10.8%) • Difficult for BAs to feel like a “community of practice” and hard to manage Difficult for BAs to feel like a “community of practice” and hard to manage

BA standards and improvementsBA standards and improvements

IntermediateIntermediate Usually placed in ITUsually placed in IT

JuniorJunior Usually placed in ITUsually placed in IT

BA Role - The PastBA Role - The Past

Elicitation AnalysisElicitation SpecificationValidation andDocumentation

Requirements PhaseRequirements Phase

BA Role – The Future BA Role – The Future A Critical Role Throughout the Project Life CycleA Critical Role Throughout the Project Life Cycle

EnterpriseAnalysis

Strategic Planning

Requirements Design

Construction Test DeliverOperations

andMaintenance

Deactivate

Study Period Implementation Period

Implementation Period (continued) Operations Period

Business Analyst Role - Study PeriodBusiness Analyst Role - Study Period

• The executive team cannot affect the transition to a strategy-focused organization The executive team cannot affect the transition to a strategy-focused organization alonealone

• Information, process, tools and facilitation are provided by the Business Analyst to Information, process, tools and facilitation are provided by the Business Analyst to enable the organization to shift focus and activities to be strategy driven\enable the organization to shift focus and activities to be strategy driven\

• Conduct analysis to inform the portfolio planning teamConduct analysis to inform the portfolio planning team

1.1. Create and maintain the business architecture Create and maintain the business architecture 2.2. Conduct feasibility studies to determine optimal solutionConduct feasibility studies to determine optimal solution3.3. Prepare the business casePrepare the business case

1.1. Planning Business Analysis Planning Business Analysis activitiesactivities

2.2. Requirements elicitation Requirements elicitation 3.3. Requirements analysisRequirements analysis4.4. Requirements specification Requirements specification 5.5. Requirements validation & Requirements validation &

verificationverification6.6. Requirements allocation and Requirements allocation and

tracingtracing7.7. Requirements change Requirements change

managementmanagement8.8. Organizational change Organizational change

managementmanagement

Business Analyst Role - Implementation PeriodBusiness Analyst Role - Implementation Period

OrganizationalFocus

Focus on BA Maturity CompassBAFocus on BA Maturity CompassBATMTM Maturity Model Maturity Model

Project Centric

Ad Hoc

Strategic/Enterprise Focus

Continuous Improvement

InitialInitial

1

IntegratedIntegrated

3

StrategicStrategic

4

OptimizedOptimized

5

•Informal, inconsistent processes

•Unstable environment

•Most projects do not deliver all requirements

DocumentedDocumented

2

Requirements:•Planning•Elicitation•Analysis•Specification•Prioritization•Validation•Change Mgmt.

Requirements:•Communication•Traceability•Risk Mgmt

Solution quality:•Allocation•Assessment•Verification & validation•Deployment strategy•Org. deployment readiness

Defined, integrated BA:•Standards & tools•Training program

•BA Center of Excellence•Business architecture•Feasibility studies•Business cases•Portfolio mgmt.•Resource mgmt.•Benefits mgmt.•Quantitative BA process mgmt.•Requirement defect tracking

Organizational BA practices: •Continuous BA process & tool improvement•Maturity assmt.•Requirement defect prevention

Individual BA practices:•Knowledge & skill assmt.•Professional development plans

IIBA DefinitionsIIBA Definitions

• Business AnalysisBusiness Analysis– The set of tasks, knowledge, and techniques The set of tasks, knowledge, and techniques

required to identify business needs and determine required to identify business needs and determine solutions to business problems solutions to business problems

• Business AnalystBusiness Analyst– Identify the business needs and help determine Identify the business needs and help determine

solutions to business problemssolutions to business problems– Responsible for requirements development and Responsible for requirements development and

requirements managementrequirements management