C 2329

History of

Modern

Architecture

POLITEKNIK SULTAN IDRIS SHAHArchitecture Unit, Department of Civil Engineering

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Lecture 05:

Regional Architecture• Malaysian Modern• Regional Modern

C 2329 History of Modern ArchitecturePOLITEKNIK SULTAN IDRIS SHAHArchitecture Unit, Department of Civil Engineering

Prepared by SKA

MALAYSIAN MODERN ARCHITECTUREHijjas Kasturi

Hisyam Al-Bakri

Jimmy Lim

Ken Yeang

REGIONAL ARCHITECTURE

C 2329 History of Modern ArchitecturePOLITEKNIK SULTAN IDRIS SHAHArchitecture Unit, Department of Civil Engineering

Prepared by SKA

Tabung Haji (1985)Government Islamic Bank

Hijjas Kasturi

MALAYSIAN MODERN ARCHITECTURE

-Built by Hijjas Kasturi and completed in 1985.- Located at Jalan Tun Razak, Kuala Lumpur.

- the LUTH skycraper has a rounded ground base by reffering to the concept of ‘tabung’.- being construct with 5 main supported columns symbolize the 5 ‘rukun islam’. Each column supply air conducting for each floor.- the replica of dome which located at front of the building represent the function of LUTH as an organization who manage the travels for Muslim to perform pilgrims.

C 2329 History of Modern ArchitecturePOLITEKNIK SULTAN IDRIS SHAHArchitecture Unit, Department of Civil Engineering

Rimbun Dahan (1991)Architect’s Resident

Hijjas Kasturi

Rimbun Dahan is the home of architect Hijjas Kasturi and Angela Hijjas, in the village of Kuang outside Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The 14 acre site was alienated from the Crown in 1926 as Malay Reserve when it was cleared and planted with coffee. Rubber planting was prohibited for fear that small holders would compete with British owned estates.

Hijjas bought the land in 1972.

The main house was completed in 1991, after staff quarters in 1989. The basement gallery was built in 1995/6, the classic car gallery, dance studio and artists’ studios and apartments in 1997. The move and restoration of the village house from the state of Perak was finished in 1998.

Although the main house is built of steel and concrete, the form of the house relates to traditional Malay timber architecture. When the security shutters at the ground level are open the it is exactly like a Malay house on stilts, except for its transparent contemporary character, as kampong or village houses are completely closed at night to keep spirits out. The pitched roof and deep overhangs are another obvious similarity to traditional architecture.

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The avoidance of timber as a building material was to make a statement about finding alternatives when Malaysia’s forests are so threatened.

The main house and guest house are linked by a covered loggia that overlooks the water garden and cascade to one

side. The 500 square meter gallery is underground on the other side, beneath the entrance plaza. The gallery is enclosed and dehumidified, and can be air conditioned when in use. The rest of the house relies on through ventilation and ceiling fans.

The steel structure extends beyond the roof line to create an architectural form that refers to traditional buildings, even though they do not create useable spaces. Chosen materials were local wherever possible: traditional finishes like Shanghai plaster and terrazzo were used for structural concrete and floors, but the copper roof was an innovation that attempted to provide permanent colour. Unfortunately

it has been affected by acid rain (a result of climatic change with industrialization) that tends to turn it black rather than the preferred green.

The house and underground gallery is the centre of the residency programme for Australian and Malaysian artists that is supported by Hijjas’ architectural practice, HijjasKasturi Associates.

C 2329 History of Modern ArchitecturePOLITEKNIK SULTAN IDRIS SHAHArchitecture Unit, Department of Civil Engineering

Prepared by SKAMALAYSIAN MODERN ARCHITECTURE

C 2329 History of Modern ArchitecturePOLITEKNIK SULTAN IDRIS SHAHArchitecture Unit, Department of Civil Engineering

The most interesting design element of the National Mosque is the fan-shaped, folded plate

roof that covers the central player hall. The galleries, treated like verandas that surround the prayer hall, are screened with geometrically patterned grilles. A number of small domes that cover the galleries are inspired by Middle Eastern and Mogul architecture. The beauty and the innovative design of the building, especially the folded roof, inspire the early post-independence mosques’ design in Malaysia

Putra World Trade Centre (PWTC) National Library The Pan Pacific Hotel KL National Mosque The Concorde Hotel Shah Alam

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National Mosque, Malaysia(1965)Mosque

Hisyam Al-Bakri

Dato’ (Dr) Ikmal Hisham Albakri was born in 1930 in Batu Gajah, Perak. DATO’ DR IKMAL HISHAM ALBAKRI @ IKMAL HISHAMHARIRI BIN MUSTAPHA ALBAKRI

C 2329 History of Modern ArchitecturePOLITEKNIK SULTAN IDRIS SHAHArchitecture Unit, Department of Civil Engineering

Jimmy LimJimmy Lim Cheok Siang

Design and Implementation ExcellenceMaintaining a disciplined regime once the best solution had been obtained which ensures that the final product will be what is to be achieved.Conserving and Adaptive reuseJimmy Lim Architect formerly CSL Associates, is strongly committed towards conservation and is active in many areas related to public awareness.

Conservation of the old built environment in order to enhance and celebrate the new and continuous living heritage. Adapting the old environment to modern usage hereby giving old buildings and environment a new lease of life.Conservation is preserving yesterday for tomorrow.

“Just as Today is Yesterday’s Tomorrow, Today will be Tomorrow’s Yesterday.”

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The Walian House, environmentally friendly and sustainable interior, Kuala Lumpur. 1984

An early eco-resort, all facilities are non air-conditioned, AwanaGenting, GentingHighlands, 1987

The challenge in the Tropics is to keep heat from penetrating and warming the interiors, an Eco-House, Ipoh, 1994

Early attempt to create environmentally-friendly resort by minimising air-conditioning to the

public spaces, Awana Kijal, Terengganu, 1994

C 2329 History of Modern ArchitecturePOLITEKNIK SULTAN IDRIS SHAHArchitecture Unit, Department of Civil Engineering

Ken Yeang

Ken Yeang is an architect-planner, and one of

the leading ecodesigners, theoreticians, and

thinkers in the field of green design.

Eco-design is designing in such a way that the

human built environment or our design system

integrates benignly and seamlessly with the

natural environment. We have to look at it not

just as designing a building as an independent

object in the city or in the site where it's

located. We have to look at it in the context of

the characteristics of the site in which it's

located, the ecological features and we have

to integrate with it physically, systemically and

temporally.

Physical integration means integrating with the

physical characteristics of the place: Its

topography, its ground water, its hydrology, its

vegetation and the different species on the

particular site. Systemic integration is

integrating with the processes that take place

in nature with our human built environment: The

use of water, the use of energy, the use of

waste and sewers and so forth. Both the human

and the natural must blend together, so there

will be no pollution and no waste. Temporal

integration, means integrating the rate of our

use of the resources in the earth and its

material, and the rate of replenishment.

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