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Human Resource Management
CAREER CHOICES OF YOUTH IN THE GULF ARAB WORLD
A BEHAVIORIAL STUDYKHAMAEL AL SAFI
Images courtesy of the e4e report (IFC,2011)
MIDDLE EAST:
HIGHEST YOUTH UNEMPLOYMENT IN THE WORLD(KAPSOS AND SPAREDOM, 2011)
Images courtesy of the e4e report (IFC,2011)
YOUTH POPULATIONS MAKE UP THE LARGER SHARE OF THE ARAB WORLD POPULATION
Images courtesy of the e4e report (IFC,2011)
THERE ARE OPPORTUNITIES, BUT..
..NO QUALIFIED YOUTH FOR THOSE OPPORTUNITIES (IFC, 2011)
Labour Supply
Labour Demand
YOUTH ARE PREPARING FOR OVER-SUPPLIED FIELDS
..AND LABOUR OPPORTUNITIES AND DEMANDS ARE NOT ANSWERED
WHAT IS CAUSING THIS PROBLEM?
Images courtesy of KFU
Images courtesy of KFU
Images courtesy of KFU
THE DECISION MAKING PROCESS BY WHICH CAREER CHOICES ARE MADE GOES WRONG
Image courtesy of endeavor.org
LITTLE RECOGNITION OF NEED TO SYNCHRONISE CAREER CHOICES WITH VALUES SOUGHT AFTER IN A CAREER (IFC, 2011)
Image courtesy of Al Yunaniya
Image courtesy of Al Yunaniya
OVER 50% OF YOUTH LIVING IN THE ARAB WORLD WOULD MAKE A DIFFERENT CAREER CHOICE, IF THEY COULD GO BACK IN TIME (IFC, 2011)
Images courtesy of the e4e report (IFC,2011)
WHY IS POOR DECISION MAKING SUCH A COMMON PROBLEM?
PEOPLE CAN’T ALWAYS BE PERSUADED TO CHANGE
THEIR BEHAVIOUR
HUMAN BEHAVIOUR IS VERY DIFFICULT TO EXPLAIN,
PREDICT AND SO INFLUENCE(FINAL MILE CONSULTING, 2011)
FUNDAMENTAL PROBLEM
CONTEXT
BEHAVIOUR
NON-CONSCIOUS
EMOTIONS
MEMORY
HEURISTICS
BUT WE CAN TRY A NUDGE...
SOLUTIONS: TO ENCOURAGE VALUE-FOCUSED THINKING
IS EXISTING CHOICE ARCHITECTURE ENCOURAGING BETTER DECISION MAKING PROCESSES?
6 JAMS 24 JAMS
40% 60%
30% 3%
Customers stopped
Customers purchased
MORE CHOICE IN THE SUPERMARKET...
Iyengar, S. ; Fasolo, B. (2011)
WE CANNOT COPE WITH LOTS OF CHOICES AND INFORMATION (Fasolo, B. 2011)
BRAIN
FACT
A B
WHICH ASSORTMENT IS MORE APPEALING TO CHOOSE FROM?
Fasolo, B. (2011)
STRUCTURING CHOICES BY A CERTAIN ATTRIBUTE LEADS TO HIGHER SATISFACTION AND LESS CONFUSION(Fasolo, B., 2011)
BRAIN
FACT
BEHAVIOURIAL INTERVENTION
INTEGRATING VALUES
Current decision making process of youth in the Arab world1. Given alternatives available2. Choose option that one considers 'best'
Integrate values into decision making process
Desired decision making process1. One figures what he/she wants in a career2. Choose option that would help him/her get what he/she wants
Wooler, S. (1982)
HOW DO THEY RECOGNISE THAT LABOUR MARKET GAPS ARE MORE LIKELY TO SATISFY VALUES SOUGHT?
A: Football Hooligans
CONSIDER THIS...
Dijksterhuis and Knippenberg (1998)
B: University Professors
42.6 %
...THEN GIVEN 44 TRIVIA QUESTIONS
Dijksterhuis and Knippenberg (1998)
55.6%Correct Answers
HUMAN ACTIONS ARE INFLUENCED BY SUB-CONSCIOUS CUES OR ‘PRIMING’(Fasolo, B., 2011)
BRAIN
FACT
THE RESULTS
IN EUROPE...
Wooler, S. (1982)
Value-Focused Thinking
Alternatives-Based Thinking
•Higher satisfaction•Higher confidence•Higher fit with preferences•More in line with labour demands
•Lower satisfaction•Lower confidence•Lower fit with preferences•Disintegrated from labour demands
IN THE GCC...
Wooler, S. (1982)
Value-Focused Thinking
Alternatives-Based Thinking
•Lower satisfaction•Lower confidence•Lower fit with preferences•Less in line with labour demands (22% chose labour market gaps)
•Higher satisfaction•Higher confidence•Higher fit with preferences•Higher number choosing labour demands (38% chose labour market gaps)
WHY DIDN’T THIS WORK? WHY SHOULD RESULTS BE DIFFERENT?
CULTURAL FACTORS MATTER TOO
BRAIN
FACT
THE ARAB WORLD SCORES 68 ON HOFSTEDE’S UNCERTAINTY AVOIDANCE (Hofstede Center, 2013)
CULTURE
FACT
LABOUR MARKET GAPS ARE USUALLY LESS SOCIALLY REGARDED AND UNORTHODOX BEHAVIOUR IS NOT ENCOURAGED (IFC, 2011)
Image courtesy of UNESCO
THE ARAB WORLD SCORES 62 ON HOFSTEDE’S COLLECTIVISM (Hofstede Centre 2013)
CULTURE
FACT
WORD OF MOUTH SOCIAL REPUTATION
SHAPING CAREER CHOICES AND
REPUTATION
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HUMAN ACTIONS ARE INFLUENCED BY SUB-CONSCIOUS CUES OR ‘PRIMING’(Fasolo, B., 2011)
BRAIN
FACTBUT APPARENTLY...
...THERE IS SO LITTLE OR NO INFORMATION ON LABOUR MARKET GAPS TO THE EXTENT THAT PRIMING IS INEFFECTIVE HERE!(IFC, 2011)
WHY YOU NO EXIST?!
WE ESCALATE COMMITMENT TO A CHOSEN ACTION WHEN INCREASED RESPONSIBILITY IS INVOLVED, ESPECIALLY WHEN SOCIAL PRESSURE PRESENT(Staw, 1976)
BRAIN
FACT
SO WHAT DO WE DO FOR BETTER CAREER CHOICES?
ASSESS WHAT YOU WANT METHODOLOGICALLY
Images courtesy of KFU
FIND OUT WHERE YOU’RE NEEDED MOST
CONSULT EXPERTS WITHOUT PREJUDGEMENTS ON ANY FIELD
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YOU CAN ALWAYS CHANGE YOUR FIELD
THE REST OF YOUR LIFE
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MAJOR: ELECTIRCAL ENGINEERING
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MAJOR: LAWImages courtesy of KFU
MAJOR: LAW
GOOD LUCK WITH YOUR DECISIONS!
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