Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
PRESENTED BY:-Nishant GoelB.TECH (cs)
1
MANAGING A CISCO NETWORK
WHAT IS CCNA?• CCNA is an entry-level certification for the
Cisco certified professional program.
• It validates the ability to install, configure, operate and troubleshoot switched and routed networks.
• Its curriculum includes IP, RIP, EIGRP, OSPF, VLAN, Frame Relay and ACL.
2
INTERNETWORKING
• It is the practice of connecting hosts of two different network via gateways.
• Two or more connected LANs that can pass data and share resources.
3
NETWORKIt is the practice of linking two or more computing devices for the purpose of sharing data.
NETWORK DEVICES
4
Connect dissimilar LANs on
the same protocol
Connect similar LANs with dissimilar media
Connect a no. of ethernet cables from
various devices
togetherForward data between two parts of a network
IP ADDRESSING
5
Two types --IPv4
IPv6
CLASSES
• Class A 1 - 126 126 16 million(N.H.H.H) • Class B 128 – 191 16,344 6500(N.N.H.H) • Class C 192 – 223 2,097,152 254 (N.N.N.H)• Class D 224 - 239 Reserved for multicast groups.• Class E 240 - 254 Reserved for future use, or Research
and Development Purposes.
6
CLASSES RANGE NO. OF NETWORKS NO. OF HOSTS
Types of IP address
7
Public Private
Range of private IP address:-
Class A --- 10.0.0.0 – 10.255.255.255
Class B --- 172.16.0.0 – 172.31.255.255
Class C --- 192.168.0.0 – 192.168.255.255
SUBNETTING• SUBNET MASK:- No. of bits of host and network
8
Analogy
• It is the same as taking a barrel of 100 apples and dividing it into 10 barrels of 10 apples each.
9
10
10
10
1010
10
10
10
10
10
10 barrels x 10 apples = 100 apples100 Apples (10 *
10)
Cont…• Borrow host bit for subnetting• Subnet only network ID.• Increases the no. of network from one IP address
10
CLASSLESS(VLSM)CLASSFULL
Example of classful subnetting
11
Total no. of hosts : 2^4 = 16Total no. of networks : 2^4 = 16 SUBNET MASK: 255.255.255.240
N/W ID FIRST ID LAST ID BROADCAST ID
192.168.10.0 192.168.10.1 192.168.10.14 192.168.10.15
192.168.10.16 192.168.10.17 192.168.10.30 192.168.10.31
…. …. …. ….
192.168.10.240 192.168.10.241 192.168.10.254 192.168.10.255
Classless subnettingVLSM(VARIABLE LENGTH SUBNET MASK)
• Focuses on needs of hosts.• Subnetting of subnet is done.• Wastage of IP address is reduced.
12
CIDR(CLASSLESS
INTER DOMAIN
ROUTING)
Subnet Example
13
Network address 172.16.0.0 with /16 network mask
Using Subnets: subnet mask 255.255.255.0 or /24
172.16.0.0/24 172.16.10.0/24
172.16.5.0/24 172.16.25.0/24
ROUTING
TWO TYPES OF ROUTING:
VERSION 2
• RIP(Routing Information Protocol)
•VERSION 1
• EIGRP•-Enhanced interior gateway routing protocol
• OSPF•-Open shortest path first
STATIC DYNAMIC
14
ROUTING INFORMATION PROTOCOL
15
RIP
OPEN PROTOCOL DISTANCE VECTOR ROUTING PROTOCOL
UPDATES ROUTING TABLE EVERY 30 SEC
MAXIMUM HOP COUNT-15
WORKS ON HOP
COUNT
ENHANCED INTERIOR GATEWAY ROUTINGPROTOCOL
16
EIGRP
OPEN PROTOCOLHYBRID
PROTOCOL
UPDATES ROUTING TABLE EVERY 90 SEC
MAXIMUM HOP COUNT-255
WORKS WITH AS NO.
OPEN SHORTEST PATH FIRST
17
OSPF
OPEN PROTOCOL WORKS WITH AREA
UPDATES ROUTING TABLE WHEN NETWORK
CHANGES MAXIMUM HOP COUNT-UNLIMITED
BACKBONE AREA-0
SWITCHING
• Switching breaks up collision domain.• Provide independent bandwidth on each port.
18
VLAN
• A single switch is break up in multiple VLAN’s.• By default, VLAN 1 is created.• It greatly enhance network security.• It increases the number of broadcast domain
while decreasing their size.– Show switching packet tracer
19
INTERVLAN
• Used to communicate between different VLANs in same switch with different network
• Router is used with a trunk port for communication between network
• Router has an interface in each VLAN.– Show pkt
20
STP
• Its main task is to stop network loops from occuring on layer 2 network(bridges and switches)
• It finds all the links and make sure that no loops occur
• Reduce redundancy
21
22
With the lowest
priority or MAC
address
Forwarding port
Blocked port
23
