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Culture in Europe
Chivalry
• Knights were expected to be brave in battle and limit their fighting to armed knights
• Called chivalry
• Peace of God – church property was off limits for fighting– This was to protect those not directly involved in
the fighting• Truce of God – restricted fighting to certain
days of the week
Universities
• Education was not available to most Europeans
• Students were trained in the liberal arts• Studies were reserved for “free” men rather
than “common” men• All subjects were taught in Latin• Universities sprouted up where well-known
teachers instructed
• Paper was expensive and hard to find, so students spent hours each day memorizing their lessons
• Typical day was from 4:00 AM to 9:00 PM
• Parisian pattern – made up of teachers who earned masters of arts degrees.– They regulated the university
• Bologna pattern – groups of students who regulated the university and hired teachers
• Warfare made travel difficult, so countries started up their own universities
• Universities increased literacy and scientific advancement
Art
• Christian themes and subjects dominated most art
• Art served to visually teach stories from the Bible and the Roman Church
Architecture
• Centered around the construction of cathedrals
Architecture Styles
• Romanesque – used many elements of the Roman Style
• Gothic – used external support called flying buttresses
Literature
• Latin was the language in the Roman Empire, but it was not the language spoken by most of the people in Europe
• Started to print in the vernacular (common spoken language)
Two of the best known writers
• Dante – Divine Comedy– Poem about an imaginary journey through hell,
purgatory, and paradise
• Chaucer – Canterbury Tales• About a group of pilgrims traveling to visit the
tomb of a famous religious leader in England