How does using natural resources affect the environment?

CHAPTER 6: LESSON 3:

ResourceIs a material found in nature and used by

living things.

Example:1) Plants2) Animals (for food)3) Air4) Water (from lakes, rivers and underground)5) Rocks6) Oil (underground)7) Salt

Resources can be divided into 3 types.

Renewable resources Reusable resources Non-Renewable resourcesAre resources that

can be replaced during a human life.

Example:Plants

AnimalsSun’s energy

Are resources that cannot be replaced

during a human life.Example:

CoalSoil

Metals

Are resources that can be used over and

over again.Example:

AirWater

Renewable resources

Non-renewable resources

Coal Petrol

Soil- Soil is a very important resource.- Without soil plants will not grow.- Many animals wouldn’t have

places to live.

Soil is a mixture of

many things.

Water Air

Tiny

pieces

of

rock

Humu

s

PART OF SOIL

THAT IS MADE

UP OF PARTS

OF DEAD

PLANTS AND

ANIMALS.

Humus

Types of soil

- Soil can have

different colors.

- Soil can have

different sizes of

rocks (grains)

Clay soilSilt soilSand soil

Types of soil

Properties

Size of particles

StickySmoothGritty (coarse)Feel

(When wet)

Not much air space

Some air spaceLots of air spaceAir space

Does not pass(Stays wet)

Stays a whilePasses fast(Dry fast)

Water

Is a mixture of sand soil, silt soil,

clay soil and humus.

Loam soil

Loam soil is the best soil for growing crops.

Solid, natural material formed

from non-living things.

Minerals

GoldDiamond

Graphite

Example:

Examples of some minerals

and their uses are:

a) Diamond

- It is very hard (used to cut steel)

- Used for jewelry.

b) Gold

- Used for jewelry (shiny).

c) Graphite

- It is dull, dark and soft.

- Used in pencils for writing.

d) Quartz

- Used to make glass.

e) Hematite

- Used to make iron used in buildings.

f) Halite

- To make salt for food.

g) Copper

- To make electrical wires.

In nature

Minerals can be found:

Ex. Iron can be found in a rock

called ore.

But:

Steel is combination of iron and

carbon (made by people)

So, it is not a mineral

Properties of minerals

1) Colour 3)

hardness

4) Luster2) Streak

1) Colour(Not a good way to identify minerals

because some minerals have different

colors.

Example: Quartz

Can be pink, purple, white, clear or even

black)

2) StreakColor of the powder left behind when a

mineral is rubbed against a rough

surface

3) Hardness

(Mohs scale)

Copper

Talc Quartz Diamond

4) Luster(The way the mineral reflects light

from its surface)

Luster can be 2

types.

Metallic luster

(Shiny)

Non-Metallic

luster

(Dull)

Metallic luster

(Shiny)

Non-Metallic

luster

Rocks are put

into groups

according to

how they are

formed (made)

Types of rocks

1)

Sedimentary

rocks

2)

Igneous

rocks

3)

Metamorphic

rocks

Sedimentary rocks1

- Formed when materials settle into

layers. Example:

Sandstone Limestone

Wind and water break the

rocks into small pieces.

Wind and water carries

bits of rock and soil away.

Bits of rock and soil settle

into layers.

After a long time, layers

harden into rocks.

Igneous rocks2

- Formed when rocks melt and then

cool.

1) Sedimentary rocks are

pushed under the earth

crust where heat and

pressure turns them to

magma.

2) Magma comes out of

a volcano and cools

to form Igneous rocks.

If

Igneous rocks cool

down quickly

Look like glass

Example:Obsidian

Igneous rocks cools

down slowly

Has large grains

Example:Granite

Metamorphic rocks3

- Rocks formed due to high pressure

and temperature.

Uses of some rocks

1) Slate

- Rocks formed due to high

pressure and temperature.

What causes an ecosystem

(environment) to change?

Natural events People

Natural events

volcano

Natural events

Natural events

Hurricane

Natural events

Hurricane damages

Natural events

Drought

Natural events

Earthquake

Natural events

Earthquake

Natural events

Tsunami

Natural events

Swarms of locust

Natural events

Volcano Earthquake

Drought

Hurricane

Locust

Tsunami

What causes an ecosystem

(environment) to change?

Natural events People

People

Cutting down forests

Deforestation

People

Over population

When too many people live in an area

How many years does the oil takes to be formed?

Millions of years

Where is the oil found?Under the sea and under the

ground

People

Oil - slick

It harms birds, fish and other animals in the sea

People

Adding harmful things to the air, water or land

Pollution

Pollution

Cars and factories gives off gases which is harmful to breathe

Air pollution

Pollution

Dump wastes from homes and factories into ocean, lakes and rivers. Polluted water kill plants and

animals, they make people sick.

Water pollution

Pollution

Throw trash on the ground ( litter )

Land pollution

Resource pack page 107

Accommodation

Is the response to a change

Moving away

Not all animals accommodate ecosystem changes. Some must find new places to live in to find food, water and shelter.

Extinction

If an organism does not find its need after ecosystem changes, it will die. Sometimes a species can slowly disappear and

become extinct.

ConservationSaving resources by using them wisely

Reduce

Turn off the lights when you do not need them

Turn off TV when not watching it

Write on both sides of sheet

Close tap ( faucet ) while brushing teeth

Fix leaky toilets and faucet

Ride bike instead of a car

Use less of something

Reuse

Wash glass bottles and reuse them

Donate clothes and books so that other people uses them

Reuse old clothes as cleaning rags

Use plastic shopping bags as garbage bin

Buy rechargeable batteries to use

Use something again

Recycle

Recycle paper, plastic, glass and metal

Recycle paper to make newspaper, cards.

New product from old materials