Overview of Matter

Matter Flowchart

MATTER

Can it be physically separated?

Homogeneous Mixture

(solution)

Heterogeneous Mixture Compound Element

MIXTURE PURE SUBSTANCE

yes no

Can it be chemically decomposed?

noyesIs the composition uniform?

noyes

Mixtures

• Variable combination of 2 or more pure substances.

Heterogeneous Homogeneous

Pure Substances

• Element– composed of identical atoms

– EX: copper wire, aluminum foil

Pure Substances

• Compound

– composed of 2 or more elements in a fixed ratio

– properties differ from those of individual elements

– EX: table salt (NaCl)

Physical Properties of Matter

• Melting Points

• Boiling Points

• Density

• Solubility

Melting and Boiling Points

• Use the Reference Tables to determine the following:– Rank the following substances from

smallest melting point to largest melting point:

H2O, N2, iron, lead, O2, C12H22O11

Reference Tables con’t

• What is the state of matter (solid, liquid, or gas) will each of the following substances at the given temperature?a. chlorine at -25 oCb. ethanol at 0 oCc. sodium chloride at 1500 oCd. methanol at -100 oCe. sulfur dioxide at 10 oC

Density

• Using the reference tables, determine the following:– Rank the following substances from

greatest density to smallest density:

H2O, Mg, C6H14, Pb, methanol, NaCl

Reference Tables con’t

• What is the mass of 36.5 mL of ethanol?

• What is the volume of 50.0 g of molten lead?

• You have 100.0 cm3 of glucose and sucrose. Which sample has the greatest mass? Support answer with calculations.