Changing Scenarios in Higher Education - Anil Sahasrabudhe, Director CoEP

College of Engineering Pune (COEP) Forerunners in Technical Education

GREETINGS FROM COEP

Higher Education in India: Changing Scenarios

Anil Sahasrabudhe


Thanks to Innovidya for organising this program and discuss scenario ofhigher education in India


Education : Gurukul systemTeacher and Student

Guru and Shishya

3000 to 5000

years ago


Early Residential UniversitiesTakshashila 5th Century BC Nalanda

6th Century BC


Oxford 1096

Cambridge 1209

Harvard 1636

MIT 1861


University of Mumbai 1857 COEP1854

IISc1909


Sweeping changes in educationSeveral Bills placed in Parliament :

Many more to comeRegulatory Bodies: AICTE, MCI, UGC

Foreign Institutions EntryGross Enrollment Ratio in higher education planned

to be increased many fold


Gross Enrolment ratio and Targets• 1951: 0.7% ; 1961: 1.4 % : • 2001 : 8 % ; 2011 : 15 %• 2020: Target 30 %• World Average : 23.2 %• Developing countries : 36.5%• Developed countries: 45 %• 20 universities in 1947 to 500 in 2011• 5000 colleges to 25000 colleges


Challenges• In terms of numbers : 15 crores in higher

education will require about 0.8 crores qualified faculty, huge number of universities and colleges

• Inclusive growth • No compromise on quality : employability• Recently 44 deemed universities were not

found upto the mark• How do we tackle ?? Innovation


Historical Teaching-Learning Process• Talk or Lecture by the teacher• Use of Chalk and Blackboard• Question Answers in a class• Discussion• Assignments• Reading material : Notes, Library books• Examinations• Subjective and Objective tests


20th and 21st Century technology advancements

• OHP• LCD• PC/Laptops ; memory Devices, CDs/DVDs• Whiteboards and Interactive Boards• Internet : E-books, E-content• Mobile phone• I Pad


Teaching Style has changed• Teaching speed has increased• Absorption is difficult• Two classes of students: Those who are

prepared well for the class using e-resources

• Those who do not follow anything• Balance is very important


More challenges• PC, Mobile Games • Internet games• Unwanted material on the net• Face book, Orkut, Social networking sites• Sleeplessness• New abbreviated language leading to poor

communication skills• Discretion between right and wrong information


Open Source Courseware• MIT, USA• NPTEL of IITs/IISc• Virtual Lab project of MHRD• Khan Academy• Google• Wikipedia• U-Tube• TED Talks


Paradigm Shift• Instructor based to Student Centric• Learning to Learn : life long learning• In 20th century, one had to relearn 3 times in

one’s career (tube, transistor, IC, VLSI)• In 21st century, knowledge outdates every 6

years, hence relearning is necessitated 6-8 times in one’s lifetime.

• Totally unimaginable thing may have to be learnt


How to cope with this change• Total Computer and Internet literacy• Availability of PCs and internet to

everyone (no digital divide)• Teach only fundamentals • Students to be given notes or e-content

to be read before coming to every class• Discussion about difficulties and solving

problems


How to cope with this change• Use of open source tools • Moodle• Wikipedia• Making students to learn on their own and

write an article• Post it on moodle or wiki• Challenged by others• What is right and acceptable will be retained

• Discussion among peers offline/online


• Paradigm shift needed in thinking• Imparting of Education• Success stories from within the country

and elsewhere in the world• Autonomy : Academic, Managerial,

Administrative, Financial• Soft skills training for employability


• Credit based system• Pace as per ones’ capability • Education or courses as per demand• Distance Education : E learning • Content preparation, Content Delivery• Course ware from IITs : NPTEL to MIT

Open Courseware• Blogs, Tweets, Discussion Forum• Webinars


• Virtual classes, Videocast, Audiocast• Tele presence • Interactive classes one on one to one to

many and many to one• Stored content on servers • Recorded CDs, DVDs• Anytime, Anywhere, Anything• U Tube ; Twitter• Virtual laboratories, simulation


Employability issuePractical skill sets Both Soft skills as well as

engineering skill setsVisits to industry

Interdisciplinary and systems approachPractical Problem Solving Ability

Team work and Professional EthicsTime Management

Importance of standards


21st century graduateStrong theory and practice background

Analytical skillsCommunication skills

Critical thinkingHonesty and Integrity

Problem identification and its solutionOptimization, Business, FinanceSensitivity to societal problems


Freedom to learn What one wants to learn physics, philosophy, psychology

Or electronics, economics, ethicsOr biology, sports, dramaFreedom to earn credits from anywhereIndian, Australian, Japanese, American

UniversitiesFreedom to study and get tested anytimeDay, Night, Weekend, Gap of two years


• Selection of Faculty : paradigm shift needed• willing to change and adapt, experiment and innovate,

committed, dedicated ; student friendly, internet savvy, researcher and learner, global, industry experience, practical exposure

• manager and director than an instructor

• Use Technology assisted Learning systems for inter-active learning

• Make use of experts from anywhere : alumni, industry experts, faculty from other institutes

• Use of pre-recorded modules by specialists accessible through web, internet and intranet


Free and Open Source Software (FoSS)

• Free Software: Free as in Freedom– Freedom to use, copy, modify, redistribute the software – Also known as Open Source– State of the art technology, with all knowledge, on the

Desktop! – GNU/Linux and thousands of alternative software are

changing the world like never before. – Changing the world for better and CoEP can't be behind

• CoEP's Free Software User's Group (CoFSUG)– [email protected] – 550 online members, 1300+ posts per year, Started in July

2009


Some live examples

Virtual Laboratory

http://www.vlab.co.in/012/index.php


Wikipedia India Education Program

• WP:INDIAEDU (Demo)• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:India_Education_Progr

am

• Editing Wikipedia articles as part of the curriculum

• MoU with Wikimedia foundation

• First time in India

• One of the largest initiatives


On line IITB class for select Subjects

IIT Bombay classes at COEP’s doorsteps

28


Web Guru Lecture by Vinay Kakade

Course work on Living Machines, Nano-Technology and Entrepreneurship Development by alumni in USA

Alumni in US helping their Alma mater

29


Design and Innovation WorkshopCOEP and MIT Media lab -Jan 2011

30


INNOVATIONHeadstart program rather than finishing schoolsPride in engineering professionShowcasing success storiesEntrepreneurship and intrapreneurshipValue based educationContinuous or life long learningBe contributors and Enjoy life


Thank you.