Chapter 1

Project Id: 32Introduction

Chapter 1

INTRODUCTION ________________________________________________

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1.1 PROJECT SUMMARY

A Student Management System (SMS) for Hospital Management Information

System (HMIS) is a System that manages the records of student regarding admission and

examination part.

A Student Management System (SMS) is designed to help collages for

management of dental student. Extensive information is available at your fingertips

through this System. Viewing student data, managing admission and

reshuffling ,managing seats, quota, board, semester, faculty, category and for examination,

block allocation, subject management , scheduling exam, result and related issues are

made simple and easy. There are custom search capabilities to aid in finding student

information and working on student records. This can make the system easier to navigate

and to use maximizing the effectiveness of time and other resources. SMS allows the

keeping of personnel data in a form that can be easily accessed and analyzed in a

consistent way.

The SMS module is a component covering many other student aspects from

application to retirement. The system records basic personal information, admission

information, education information regarding student. Leading edge systems provide the

ability to "read" applications and enter relevant data to applicable database fields, notify

student and provide result. Student management function involves

Manage new admission and enrolment

Manage quota

Manage board

Manage category

Manage Fees Structure

Roll number generation

Fees payment

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student Basic Information

Manage faculty

Manage designation

Manage course and specialty

Manage semester and year

admission seat management

Exam scheduling

Result management

Subject management

Block management

In SMS, every user has a Login ID and Password. Also all the users have different

permission rights to access the applications. These rights are Dynamic and can be

changed.

There are three main roles in the system. Admin, accountant and operator. Admin has

complete access to the whole system, while accountant is only concerned with payment of

fees for the admission of the student. Operator is the role that is responsible for the use of

the system.

The Admin role can be as follow:

Introduce new quota, board, category, course, etc

Set fees structures

Manage faculties

Manage subjects

Seat management

Management of semester

Generation of student roll number

Set examination

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The operator role can:

New admission and enrolment

Search student

Block allocation

Result, etc

Now when the user with the particular role Logs on he can see only those pages which

are allowed to them.

1.2 PURPOSE

The project is about to handle all the information of the student regarding

admission and examination. Also it manages resources which were managed and handled

by manpower previously. The main purpose of the project is to integrate distinct sections

of the organization into consistent manner so that complex functions can be handled

smoothly by any technical or non-technical persons.

The project aims at the following matters:

Automation of admission and enrolment as per board, quota, category and available

seats.

Assistance in decision-making.

To manage information of student, faculty and courses.

Consistently update information of all the students.

Reports- To gather all the related information about any application of the HRMS.

All the above-mentioned matters are to be incorporated in the application along with some

additional requirements.

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The main purpose of the Admin Module is to introduce new things and configure

important aspects. For e.g. only admin is authorized to introduce quota, board, subject,

category, etc. and only admin is allowed to configure exam and set fees structure. So the

master screens for all these are visible to only admin role. This is done by the Admin

Module. It also can create the users and Physical and Logical Locations. Thus the main

purpose of the Admin Module is to managing the dynamic working of the system.

1.3 SCOPE

The scope of the project includes the following

Any college can use this system as it is not client centric.

All admission and examination related work for the student can be done using this

system.

Deliver Electronic Workplace

Provide Bi-lingual support

Application Support & Maintenance after deployment to production

The Admin Module can be reused for projects as well which have many users with

different rights. Hence it is reusable.

1.4 TECHNOLOGY & LITERATURE REVIEW

We are not having any past

work system. We are designing this

project for the first time. So we are

free to use any technology that we

want .Online Recruitment is a web

application developed using ASP.Net

using C# used as front end with Sql

server-2005 used as back end.

The .NET Framework is a set of

objects and blueprints from

Fig 1.1 .NET framework Architecure

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Microsoft for building applications.

The .NET Framework provides the underlying functionality of ASP.NET. All

applications developed under the .NET framework including ASP.NET applications,

have certain key feature that ensure compatibility, security, and stability.

1.4.1 Common Language Runtime

The Common Language Runtime (CLR) is an environment that manages the

execution of code. In other words, it runs and maintains any code that you write. With

the .NET framework and CLR you still write code and compile it. However, instead of

compiling it into something that computer understands, you compile it into a language

called the Microsoft Intermediate Language (MSIL). This language is shorthand way of

representing all the code you have written. ASP.NET pages are compiled into MSIL as

well. When you compile to MSIL, your application produces something called metadata.

This is descriptive information about your application. It tells what the application can do,

where it belongs, and so on.

1.4.2 Introduction about ASP.NET

ASP.NET, the latest version of Active Server Pages, is Microsoft’s technology for

building dynamic pages, database-driven Web sites. Active Server Pages is one of the

most popular languages for building scalable, interactive Web sites. Several of the highest

traffic Web sites on the Internet employs Active Server Pages. Examples include Dell

Online, Barnes and Noble, 1-800-flowers, and the Microsoft site itself.

1.4.2.1 Easy Programming Model

ASP.NET makes building real world Web applications dramatically easier.

ASP.NET server controls enable an HTML-like style of declarative programming that let CCET (IT)

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you build great pages with far less code than with classic ASP. Displaying data, validating

user input, and uploading files are all amazingly easy. Best of all, ASP.NET pages work

in all browsers -- including Netscape, Opera, AOL, and Internet Explorer.

1.4.2.2 Flexible Language Options

ASP.NET lets you leverage your current programming language skills. Unlike

classic ASP, which supports only interpreted VBScript and JScript, ASP.NET now

supports more than 25 .NET languages (including built-in support for VB.NET, C#, and

JScript.NET -- no tool required), giving you unprecedented flexibility in your choice

of language.

1.4.2.3 Great Tool Support

You can harness the full power of ASP.NET using any text editor

-- even Notepad! But Visual Studio 2005 adds the productivity of Visual Basic-style

development to the Web. Now you can visually design ASP.NET Web Forms using

familiar drag-drop-double-click techniques, and enjoy full-fledged code support including

statement completion and color-coding. VS.NET also provides integrated support for

debugging and deploying ASP.NET Web applications.

The Professional version of Visual Studio 2005 delivers life-cycle features to help

organizations plan, analyze, design, build, test, and coordinate teams that develop

ASP.NET Web applications. These include UML class modeling, database modeling

(conceptual, logical, and physical models), testing tools (functional, performance and

scalability), and enterprise frameworks and templates, all available within the integrated

Visual Studio .NET environment.

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1.4.2.4 Rich Class Framework

Application features that used to be hard to implement, or required a 3rd-party

component, can now be added in just a few lines of code using the .NET Framework.

The .NET Framework offers over 4500 classes that encapsulate rich functionality like

XML, data access, file upload, regular expressions, image generation, performance

monitoring and logging, transactions, message queuing, SMTP mail, and much more!

1.4.2.5 Compiled execution

ASP.NET is much faster than classic ASP, while preserving the "just hit save"

update model of ASP. However, no explicit compile step is required! ASP.NET will

automatically detect any changes, dynamically compile the files if needed, and store the

compiled results to reuse for subsequent requests. Dynamic compilation ensures that your

application is always up to date, and compiled execution makes it fast.

1.4.2.6 Rich output caching

ASP.NET output caching can dramatically improve the performance and

scalability of your application. When output caching is enabled on a page, ASP.NET

executes the page just once, and saves the result in memory in addition to sending it to the

user. When another user requests the same page, ASP.NET serves the cached result from

memory without re-executing the page. Output caching is configurable, and can be used

to cache individual regions or an entire page. Output caching can dramatically improve

the performance of data-driven pages by eliminating the need to query the database on

every request.

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1.4.2.7 Web-Farm Session State

ASP.NET session state lets you share session data user-specific state values across

all machines in your Web farm. Now a user can hit different servers in the web farm over

multiple requests and still have full access to her session. And since business components

created with the .NET Framework are free-threaded, you no longer need to worry about

thread affinity.

1.4.2.8 Memory Leak, DeadLock and Crash Protection

ASP.NET automatically detects and recovers from errors like deadlocks and

memory leaks to ensure your application is always available to your users.

For example, say that your application has a small memory leak, and that after a week the

leak has tied up a significant percentage of your server's virtual memory. ASP.NET will

detect this condition, automatically start up another copy of the ASP.NET worker process,

and direct all new requests to the new process. Once the old process has finished

processing its pending requests, it is gracefully disposed and the leaked memory is

released. Automatically, without administrator intervention or any interruption of service,

ASP.NET has recovered from the error.

1.4.2.9 Dynamic update of running application

ASP.NET now lets you update compiled components without restarting the web

server. In the past with classic COM components, the developer would have to restart the

web server each time he deployed an update. With ASP.NET, you simply copy the

component over the existing DLL -- ASP.NET will automatically detect the change and

start using the new code.

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1.4.2.10 Easy Migration Path

You do not have to migrate your existing applications to start using ASP.NET.

ASP.NET runs on IIS side-by-side with classic ASP on Windows 2000 and Windows XP

platforms. Your existing ASP applications continue to be processed by ASP.DLL, while

new ASP.NET pages are processed by the new ASP.NET engine. You can migrate

application by application, or single pages. And ASP.NET even lets you continue to use

your existing classic COM business components. ASP.Net represents a radical departure

from previous versions of Active Server Pages.

Following are some of the significant new features of ASP.NET 2.0 Framework:

ASP.NET uses compiled code written in Common Language Runtime language such as

Visual Basic and C#. Unlike previous versions of Active Server Pages, this version not use

interpreted scripting language such as VBScript.

An advanced version of .NET 1.1 which has proved to be a milestone in web

technology of today’s time. ASP.NET pages are built out of server – side controls. Web

server controls enable you to represent and program against Hypertext Markup Language

(HTML) elements using an intuitive object model.

ASP.NET includes a new technology called Web Services. You can use Web

Services to access methods and properties and transfer database data across the Internet.

ASP.NET is part of Microsoft’s .NET framework. You can access thousands of .NET

classes in your code that enable you to perform such wondrously diverse tasks as

generating images on - the - fly and saving an array to a file. ASP.Net includes page and

data caching mechanisms that enable you to easily and dramatically improve the

performance of your Web Site.

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1.4.2.11 Faces Of Asp.Net

With ASP.NET 3.5, Microsoft aims to continue its success by refining and

enhancing ASP.NET. The good news is that Microsoft hasn’t removed features, replaced

functionality, or reversed direction. Instead, almost all the changes add higher-level

features that can make your programming more productive.

All in all, there have been four major releases of ASP.NET:

• ASP.NET 1.0: This first release created the core ASP.NET platform and introduced a

wide range of essential features.

• ASP.NET 1.1: This second release added performance tune-ups and bug fixes, but no

new features.

• ASP.NET 2.0: This third release piled on a huge set of new features, all of which were

built on top of the existing ASP.NET plumbing. The overall emphasis was to supply

developers with prebuilt goodies that they could use without writing much (if any) code.

Some of the new features included built-in support for website navigation, a theming

feature for standardizing web page design, and an easier way to pull information out of a

database.

• ASP.NET 3.5: This fourth release keeps the same basic engine as ASP.NET 2.0, but adds

a few frills and two more dramatic changes. The most significant enhancement is the

ASP.NET AJAX toolkit, which gives web developers better tools for creating highly

responsive web pages that incorporate rich effects usually seen in desktop applications

(such as drag-and-drop and auto complete). The other innovation is support for LINQ, a

set of language enhancements included with .NET 3.5 that allows you to search in-

memory data in the same way that you query a database.

If you’re wondering what happened to ASP.NET 3.0—well, it doesn’t exist! Somewhat

confusingly,

Microsoft used the .NET 3.0 name to release a set of new technologies, including

Windows Presentation Foundation (WPF), a platform for building slick Windows CCET (IT)

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applications; Windows Workflow Foundation (WF), a platform for modelling application

logic using flowchart-style diagrams; and Windows Communication Foundation (WCF), a

platform for designing services that can be called from other computers. However, .NET

3.0 did not include an updated version of ASP.NET.

1.4.2.12 Visual Studio 2008

Visual Studio has come a long way since its inception in 1997. Visual Studio 97 hit the

street with the goals of enabling developers to share and see large projects through a

complete development cycle regardless of the different languages and deployment

schemes.

That was followed up by Visual Studio 6.0 with its integrated development environment

and built-in data designers for architecting large-scale and multi-tier applications, with the

goals of supporting distributed and heterogeneous environments and architectures.

1.4.2.13 Linq

Many of the new language features and enhancements in Visual Studio 2008—both in

Visual C# and Visual Basic .NET—make many of the LINQ features possible and enable

you to take advantage of some of the LINQ capabilities.

Included with the new Visual Studio release are a number of designers that can help

developers visually create many aspects of their SQL entity classes and associations. For

example, the Object Relational Designer (O/R Designer) provides a visual interface for

creating and designing LINQ to SQL entity classes and associations of database objects.

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Visual Studio 2008 also comes with the DataSet Designer, a visual tool used for creating

and manipulating typed DataSets and the associated items of which the datasets are made,

providing a visual image of the objects within the DataSets.

LINQ will be released in the next version of Visual Studio and the .NET Framework,

currently slated for version 3.5. Because much of the LINQ functionality is based on the

new features of the .NET Framework, this chapter explores those features and

enhancements that help support LINQ and provide LINQ with the foundation it needs

from a language perspective. It looks at the new language-specific features in both C# and

Visual Basic .NET

WPF (Windows Presentation Foundation)—New technology for building rich content,

‘‘Windows Vista’’–type user interfaces, and experiences combining application UI and

media content.

WCF (Windows Communication Foundation)—New technology for building and

deploying reliable, secure, and interoperable connected systems across distributed systems

and environments.

WF (Windows Workflow Foundation)—A programming engine for building

workflow-enabled applications.

WCS (Windows CardSpace)—Microsoft’s technology for managing digital identities.

Today, Visual Studio 2008 focuses on providing developers with a rich experience for

Windows Vista, the web, and Office 2008, while continuing to improve its development

languages and innovations. Visual Studio 2008 contains a number of new features,

including C# and Visual Basic .NET language features, improved data features such as

multi-tier support for typed datasets and hierarchical update capabilities, and a web

application project model.

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However, the most exciting new feature of Visual Studio 2008 (in my opinion) is LINQ,

Microsoft’s new Language Integrated Query, which extends powerful query capabilities

into your favourite .NET programming language.

1.4.3 Architecture Used/Followed (4-TIER ARCHITECTURE)

Fig 1.2 4-Tier Architecture

For designing the entire software we have divided the whole software into four main

layers. And each layer provides service to the other layer. So we can easily proceed

towards the target. These layers are namely

Presentation layer

Business layer

Control layer

Data Access layer

Presentation Layer

The Presentation layer is responsible for the user interface and communicates

directly with the business logic layer. Separating the presentation layer from the rest of the

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Presentation

ASP

ASP.net SQL Server

Control Object

ASP

Data access

SQL Server

.ascx page

1010101010101010011101010010101110101010101000101010101010011110

VB + JS

Business Logic

ASP + JS


application enables the development of different user interface (i.e. Web form, Windows

form, mobile devices) that all uses the same business logic and database access code.

Business Layer

The logic layer separates the code specific to the application, for the way company

does the business, from the user interface and the database specific code. Other line of

business Applications a company build can use the business logic layer if needed,

maximizing the code reuse.

Control Layer

The Control layer is responsible for communication between business layer and

presentation layer. It connects the logic and data with each other and gives a better

connectivity and separation between layers.

Data Access Layer

Project Flow Lines and Artificial Lift use a Microsoft SQL Server Express

Edition database.

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Education

Chapter 1