Chapter 2

ENGL 1220 - Sara Alshamran - 2011

Listing-Order Paragraphs

Chapter 2

1

ENGL 1220 - Sara Alshamran - 2011 2

Chapter PreviewIn this chapter you will learn :

How to write paragraphs that use the listing order pattern of organization.

The 3 parts of a paragraph

Listing-order transition signals

Paragraph unity

Simple outlining

Compound sentences

Two common sentence errors.


The idea can be

expanded to many

ideas

CLUSTERING Prewriting technique

Chapter 2 LISTING-ORDER PARAGRAPHS

Preview


How to Write Listing-Order Paragraphs

Begin with a sentence that names your topic and say it has several points. (Topic Sentence) Example: Good teachers have three important characteristics.

Write about each point separately. Use Transitional signals such as: First of all, in addition, also .. etc. ( Supporting Sentences)

End with a sentence that reminds your readers about the points you just discussed. Use conclusion signals such as: in short, to conclude… etc. (Concluding sentence) Example: In short, good teachers have expert knowledge,

communication skills and contagious enthusiasm.


Organization


The Three Part of a ParagraphChapter 2 LISTING-ORDER PARAGRAPHS

Organization


Topic SentenceGood teachers have three important characteristics.

Topic ( good teachers): names the topic of your paragraph.

Controlling idea (have three important characteristics): tells what the paragraph will say about the topic

1. T.S: is the most important part of the paragraph.

2. T.S: tells the reader what the topic of paragraph

3. T.S: usually the first sentence in a paragraph.

4. T.S: has 2 parts


Organization


Supporting Sentences Supporting sentences explain or prove the idea in the topic

sentence.

1. S.S are the middle sentences of the paragraph.

2. S.S explain the topic sentence3. S.S are the biggest part of the

paragraph.4. You can use the TRANSITION

SIGNALS ( first, also … etc)


Organization


Listing-Order Transition Signals

Transition Signal is a word or phrase that shows how one idea is related to another idea. Example: First, Second, Third, First of all, In addition,

Also, Finally.

WHEN?• We use transition signals in a listing-Order paragraph- supporting

Sentences

A. At the beginning of the sentence, and put a comma after it.• Example: First of all, good teachers have expert knowledge.

B. Also can be:1. At the beginning of the sentence and followed by a comma.

• Example: Also, good teachers have communication skills 2. Between the subject and the verb, and no comma

• Example: Good teachers also have communication skills 3. At the end of the sentence after a comma.

• Example: Good teachers have communication skills, also

WHERE?

WHAT?


Organization


Paragraph Unity

All sentences must be about one main idea.

The supporting sentences in a paragraph must be RELEVANT ( directly related to the main idea)

REMEMBER !


Organization


1. C.S is at the end of the paragraph.

2. C.S reminds the reader of the main point or summarizes the main points

3. You can use CONCLUSION SIGNALS such as: To sum up, In short .. Etc

4. Don’t put new ideas in the C.S


Organization


Outlining

Good Teachers

Good teachers have three important characteristics. a. expert knowledge.b. communication skills.c. contagious enthusiasm. In short, good teachers have expert knowledge, communication skills and

contagious enthusiasm.


OrganizationPrewriting technique

Outline is another part of prewriting.

It organizes your ideas

Title

Topic Sentence

Main Points

Concluding Sentence


Compound Sentences A compound sentence is two simple sentences connected by a comma

and a coordinating conjunction.


Sentence Structure

My family goes camping every summer we usually have fun., and

S V ( simple Sentence)

S V period

( simple Sentence)

Comma Coordinating Conjunction

Compound Sentence = Simple Sentence + ,+ coordinating Conjunction + Simple Sentence + .

REMEMBER ! Don’t confuse a compound sentence with a simple sentence that has a compound verbs.The simple sentence doesn’t need a COMMA

Command sentences can also be compound. Example: Come visit us, and bring your son


Coordinating conjunctions There are seven coordinating conjunctions in English:

for, and, nor, but, or, yet and so. Remember them by the phrase “ FAN BOYS”.

We use the coordinating conjunctions to connect tow sentences to be compound sentence.


Sentence Structure


Coordinating conjunctions


Sentence Structure

REMEMBER ! Use OR not AND in a negative simple sentence.Chapter 1, page 23


Tow Sentence ErrorsRUN-ONS COMMA SPLICES

Wrong My mother goes out I stay at home. My mother goes out, I stay at home.

What’s the errors

1. No comma2. No coordinating conjunction No coordinating conjunction

Right My mother goes out. I stay at home.My mother goes out, and I stay at home.

My mother goes out. I stay at home.My mother goes out, and I stay at home.

How you can correct the errors

Put a period (.) after each sentenceAdd a comma and a coordinating

conjunction

Put a period (.) after each sentenceAdd a coordinating conjunction


Sentence Structure


Writing about a jobListing order paragraph


Writing

Education

Chapter 2