Chapter 7, Key 2Ethnicities transformed into

Nationalities

I Rise of Nationalities

A. Nationality is a group of people who share legal attachment and personal allegiance to a particular country.

B. USA created a nation out of a collection of ethnic groups gathered from Europe, Africa, and other parts of the world

II Nation states

A. Ethnic Groups have become Nationalities because they want the right to self rule. The right to self rule is called Self-Determination

B. During the 1800s and 1900s political leaders have supported ethnicities to divide Earth’s surface into a collection of Nation-States

C. A nation state is a state (or country) whose territory corresponds to that occupied by a particular ethnicity and has been transformed into a nationality

D. The territory rarely corresponds precisely with the distribution of ethnicities

III Nation States in Europe

A. During the 1800s ethnicities in Europe transformed themselves into nationalities. The French for example brought together the values of the French revolution with the cultural traits of the French language and other French culture.

B. West Europe was mostly nation-states by 1900 and fought over control of portions of Africa and Asia. Eastern Europe took until after WWII do redraw boundaries based on nation-states

C. Hitler’s first reason for his taking over Austria and Sudentenland (part of Czechoslovakia at the time) was to create a large German speaking nation-state

IV Denmark ExampleA. Boarders of Denmark closely correspond with the

distribution of Danish ethnicity. Danes have a strong sense of unity and shared characteristics that go back more than 1000 years. Nearly all Danes speak Danish, and almost all Danish speakers live in Denmark.

B. However the Southern Border with Germany called Schleswig-Holstein was taken over by Germany in WWI but after the war people voted to become part of Denmark but some people in the area still speak German

C. Denmark also controls the Faeroe Islands and Greenland. In both places the inhabitants speak different languages and have a different culture. Recently the people of Greenland have been allowed to change place names form Danish to Inuit (native) names

V NationalismA. Nationalism is loyalty and devotion to a nationality. Nationalism

promotes the idea that the culture, values, and interests of your country are superior to those of another.

B. Mass media is an effective way to promote Nationalism. Most countries control or regulate the media to ensure the promotion of their nation.

C. Symbols of nationalism include the flag, songs, or anything that can build unity within a state

D. Nationalism can have a negative impact. Many times it is achieved through negative images or view of another nation-states. How many ___________ does it take to screw in a light bulb?

E. Nationalism is an example of a Centripetal Force which is an attitude that unifies and enhances support for a state. Centripetal means directed toward the center. It is the opposite of Centrifugal which mean to spread out. Stressing shared attitudes and values leads to unity

VI Multinational States (an introduction)

A. A state that contains more than one ethnicity is a multi-ethnic state like Belgium. Walloons and Flemish both consider themselves Belgian.

B. Multinational states contain two ethnic groups that both want self-determination, but agree to coexist peacefully by recognizing each different nationality.

C. Sometimes this works, other times it does not work as well

D. Example of the United Kingdom found on Page 239