Presented By;Usman Khalid

Roll No.27Ucv&AS

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MEANING OF DIFFERENT WORDSChick: Means poultry under one month old.Grade: means the classification of poultry or

poultry products according to the prescribed standards and grading have corresponding meaning.

Standard: means those rules, tests, measures or specifications by which the quality or grade of a poultry product is determined.

Baby chicks: means chicks and poults that have never been fed.

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There are different types of grading of chicks which are as follows;

•Grading at hatchery

•Grading at farm

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GRADING AT HATCHERY There are different types of grading which is done

at hatchery. It is done by pasgar scoring method.

Grading by sexGrading by quality

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GRADING BY SEXSexing is separation of males and females of

day old chicks.

Japanese/vent sexing

Feather sexing

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PARAMETERS USED TO ASSESS CHICK QUALITYActivityDown and appearanceRetracted yolkEyesLegsNaval

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Remaining membraneRemaining yolkBeakAbdomenWeight

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ACTIVITYChick was placed on its back and observed to

see how quickly it returns to its feet. An immediate return to its feet was considered strong, while delay (more than 3s) return or remaining on its back was considered weak.

Quality Scores Good 1Week 0

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BeakBeak clean or dirty and crossed is checked.

Quality ScoreClean 1Dirty and crossed 0

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AbdomenAbdomen is checked either hard or soft.

Quality ScoreSoft 1Hard 0

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Wt. Of ChickWe select A Grade ,Starter and B Grade

Chicks.A Grade ChickWt.38-45gFree from any abnormalityIdeal wt.42gStarter chickWt. below 38gFree from any abnormality

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B Grade ChicksWt. Below 38 gSome abnormality (Less activity)These are also saleable chicksC Grade ChicksBelow 34gAny apparent abnormality

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Abnormalities in ChicksButton formation in vent

High humidityHigh temperature

Unhealed navelHigh temp. High humidity

Crippled chicksDue to temp. variations

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Crossed beakedMissing eyesTwisted neckSpraddle legsSwollen head

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DOWN AND APPEARANCEChick should dry and clean( free from

adhering dried yolk, shell and membranes.Quality Scores Clean and dry 1Dirty and wet 0

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RETRACTED YOLKChick was placed on its back on hand palm.

The height of its abdomen is estimated. The consistency of its abdomen to touch was then estimated. Chicks that had bodies with large yolks and hard to touch was considered of poor quality.

Quality Scores Normal 1Large yolk hard touch 0

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EYESOpen, alert and bright were considered of

good quality. Open but not bright were fair and closed were of poor quality.

Quality Scores Open and bright 1Open but not bright 0

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LEGSChick was put on its feet and whether it

could stand easily were observed. Toe conformation was assessed as was hock color.

Quality Scores Normal legs & toes 1One infected leg ½ Two infected legs 0

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NAVALNaval closure and coloration of the skin

around the naval was observed. Skin color different from the chick skin color was considered poor quality.

Quality Scores Completely closed and clean 1Not closed & not discolored ½Not closed and discolored 0

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REMAINING MEMBRANERemaining membrane was categorized as

very large, large and small.Quality Scores No membrane 1Small membrane ½ Large membrane ¼ Very large membrane 0

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REMAINING YOLKRemaining yolk adhered to the skin and down

were categorized as very large, large and small.

Quality Scores No yolk 1Small yolk ½ Large yolk ¼ Very large yolk 0

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GRADING AT FARMAt farm separate low weight birds and feed

them separately and provide a bit large amount of ration then the heavy weight chicks.

The feed of heavy weight chicks is maintained so as to get a uniform body weight among all the chicks.

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ADVANTAGES OF CHICK GRADINGAchievement of purpose of providing quality

chicks to the customers.There is good reputation of the hatcheryUniformity among the flock is maintained.Removal of birds which will not show better

performance in the future.Better profit is obtained.

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Sexing Of ChicksSeveral methods are used to determine the

sex of a day-old chicks. Some are effective only with certain breeds or crosses, while others are universal. The two chief methods of sexing chicks are

feather sexing vent sexing.

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Vent sexingVent sexing, also known simply as ventingInvolves squeezing the feces out of the chick,

which opens up the chick's anal vent (called a cloaca) slightly, allowing the chicken sexer to see if the chick has a small "bump", which would indicate that the chick is a male.

Some females also have bumps, though they are rarely as large as those of male chicks

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Feather sexingThe sex-linked slow-feathering gene can be

used for crosses where the sex of the chicks can be determined at hatching time by the length of the wing feathers.

Female chicks have primary wing feathers that are significantly longer than the coverts.

The male chicks have primary wing feathers that are shorter, about the same length as the coverts.

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PACKING OF CHICKSThe chicks are packed in chick boxes of

standard size.They are soft at the time of packing so leave

them for 4-5 hours to become hard.Attach label of sex, breed, date of hatch, and

grade of chicks on the chick box.

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RECORD THE DATAThe following data should be recorded.BreedNumber of eggs setNumber of quality chicks hatched% age of total hatchabilityNumber of “grade outs”% age of “grade outs”% age of extra chicks given to customer.

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ThanksAny

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