Civil RightsCivil RightsContinuedContinued

1950s1950s

Causes

20 Years of Yuk!

World War II

Cold War FearsCapitalism Must Prevail

Influence of the Influence of the AutomobileAutomobile

The Automobile

InterstateHighway ActUrban Sprawl=

Suburbia

Greater Access toLeisure

Opportunities

Shopping and Drive-ins

The Perfect AmericaThe Perfect America

The NuclearFamily

Dad Works in White Collar

Corporate/MomStays at home.

Suburbian Sprawl Thanks to groups

LikeLevitt Builders

More Leisure TimeDisney World

Cars in every Garage and Television in

Every livingroom

Civil Rights Begins to Civil Rights Begins to BubbleBubble

Plessy v FurgesonPlessy v Furgeson Separate but EqualSeparate but Equal

Truman Desegregates the Military Truman Desegregates the Military (1948)(1948) Executive BranchExecutive Branch

Brown V Board of Education (Topeka)Brown V Board of Education (Topeka) Judicial BranchJudicial Branch 1954 1954 Integration of Schools Little Rock 9 (1957) (1957)

Activist GroupsActivist Groups NAACPNAACP

Legal Defense FundLegal Defense Fund Rosa ParksRosa Parks

1955 (Colvin)1955 (Colvin) MLK & Bus Boycott

SCLCSCLC Martin Luther King Jr.Martin Luther King Jr.

SNCCSNCC

Focus onFocus on Martin Luther King Martin Luther King Snippet Arrested In Albany Georgia Arrested In Albany Georgia

178$ Fine or 45 Days in jail.178$ Fine or 45 Days in jail.Birmingham, AlabamaBirmingham, Alabama

Bull ConnorBull Connor Children’s CrusadeChildren’s Crusade ““Letter From a Birmingham Jail”Letter From a Birmingham Jail”

Battle Segregation in the streets or in the Battle Segregation in the streets or in the courts?courts?

Malcolm XMalcolm X Arrested in the 50s and became a Arrested in the 50s and became a

member of the Nation of Islammember of the Nation of Islam Spoke indifference about Kennedy Spoke indifference about Kennedy

assasinationassasination Malcom X on King

King’s Rebuttal Pushed for Black NationalismPushed for Black Nationalism Assasinated in 1965Assasinated in 1965

SNCCSNCC Early YearsEarly YearsSit-insSit-ins

Inspired blacks like CarmichaelInspired blacks like Carmichael Later YearsLater Years Stokley Carmichael

Arrested 32 timesArrested 32 times ““Black Power” in 66Black Power” in 66 Evolved into a black political party Evolved into a black political party

(Panther)(Panther)

Black Panther PartyBlack Panther Party Huey Newtown & Bobby SealeHuey Newtown & Bobby Seale 19661966 Political Party Started in California Political Party Started in California

to Protect African American rights.to Protect African American rights.

MLK Assasination

Additional GroupsAdditional Groups Women’s RightsWomen’s Rights

Equal Pay Act (1963)Equal Pay Act (1963) Betty Friedan (Betty Friedan (The Feminine Mystique)The Feminine Mystique) National Organization of WomenNational Organization of Women Equal Rights Amendement (Died)Equal Rights Amendement (Died)

American Indian MovementAmerican Indian Movement Hispanic AmericansHispanic Americans

Caesar Chavez (UFW)Caesar Chavez (UFW)

Warren CourtWarren Court Supported The Civil Rights Supported The Civil Rights

MovementsMovements Supported Rights of the AccusedSupported Rights of the Accused

GideonGideon MirandaMiranda

Too Liberal?Too Liberal?

John F. Kennedy John F. Kennedy Democrat (Defeated Nixon in 1960) (Defeated Nixon in 1960)

New FrontierNew Frontier Attack Monopolies (Think of Today)Attack Monopolies (Think of Today) Increased Foreign Aid (Peace Corps & Alliance for Increased Foreign Aid (Peace Corps & Alliance for

Progress)Progress) Partial Test Ban Treaty (Underground)Partial Test Ban Treaty (Underground) Space Program (Russia 1Space Program (Russia 1stst in ’61, we would top it by ’70) in ’61, we would top it by ’70)

Pre/ Bay of Pigs BerlinBerlin Cuban Missle Crisis VietnamVietnam Civil Rights ActCivil Rights Act Assasination

Kennedy Assasinations Kennedy Assasinations TheoriesTheories

Nov 22nd, 1963 in Dallas, TexasNov 22nd, 1963 in Dallas, Texas TheoryTheory Motive Motive Evidence Evidence

OswaldOswald pro-communistpro-communist Warren ReportWarren Report RussiaRussia Cold WarCold War Oswald lived thereOswald lived there CubaCuba Bay of PigsBay of Pigs Oswald- Pro CubaOswald- Pro Cuba CIACIA JFK-anti CIAJFK-anti CIA Oswald- agent?Oswald- agent? FBIFBI Hoover protectionHoover protection Hosty Hosty

destroys notedestroys note MafiaMafia Bay of PigsBay of Pigs Ruby kills OswaldRuby kills Oswald

A little hmmm QuestionA little hmmm QuestionShould the federal Government be collecting money from American Workers and distributing that money throughout the nation?

Preamble:Preamble:We the People of the United We the People of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect States, in Order to form a more perfect

Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the common Tranquility, provide for the common

defense, promote the general Welfare, defense, promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to and secure the Blessings of Liberty to

ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United establish this Constitution for the United

States of America.States of America.

Lyndon B. JohnsonLyndon B. Johnson Takes office November 23, 1963 Great Society Plan

End Racial injustice (Civil Rights Act and Voting Rights Act)End Racial injustice (Civil Rights Act and Voting Rights Act) Educate all (Head Start & Federal Funding of Programs)Educate all (Head Start & Federal Funding of Programs)

Higher Education ActHigher Education Act Renew contact with Nature (Clean Air Act/Wild & Scenic Rivers Renew contact with Nature (Clean Air Act/Wild & Scenic Rivers

Act)Act) War on Poverty

Economic Opportunity ActEconomic Opportunity Act HUD (Housing Act-7,000,000 Families)HUD (Housing Act-7,000,000 Families) End Poverty (Medicare & Medicaid)End Poverty (Medicare & Medicaid)

Food Stamp ActFood Stamp Act Result (22.2% Poverty in 63 to 12 % in 70) Result (22.2% Poverty in 63 to 12 % in 70)

Gulf of Tonkin Resolution (1964) Vietnam SupportGulf of Tonkin Resolution (1964) Vietnam Support

Oral History ProjectOral History Project What is Oral History?What is Oral History?

How you Do it.How you Do it.

Your Requirements.Your Requirements.

First Indochina War (No First Indochina War (No U.S)U.S)

North VietnamNorth Vietnam Ho Chi Minh (Viet Minh)Ho Chi Minh (Viet Minh)

Rebellion against French Occupation in 1945Rebellion against French Occupation in 1945 Appealed to the U.S.Appealed to the U.S.

War RagesWar Rages French in Cities, Viet Minh in CountrysideFrench in Cities, Viet Minh in Countryside Fear of Domino TheoryFear of Domino Theory March 1954-Dien Bien Phu FallsMarch 1954-Dien Bien Phu Falls

Geneva AccordsGeneva Accords

Second Indochina WarSecond Indochina War South Vietnam till 1956 (Ngo Dinh South Vietnam till 1956 (Ngo Dinh

Diem)Diem) Vietcong InsurgencyVietcong Insurgency Support from the U.S. to keep the Support from the U.S. to keep the

south from falling.south from falling. Gulf of Tonkin IncidentGulf of Tonkin Incident

Gulf of Tonkin ResolutionGulf of Tonkin Resolution

Vietnam WarVietnam War Grace and Rolling ThunderGrace and Rolling Thunder

3 Years and 1 Million Ton of Bombs3 Years and 1 Million Ton of Bombs DraftDraft

From 1964-1975 up to 2,000,000 men were drafted to From 1964-1975 up to 2,000,000 men were drafted to the Military (of the 9,000,000 men who served during the Military (of the 9,000,000 men who served during the era)the era)

ForcesForces 2000 in 1961 to 553,000 in 19692000 in 1961 to 553,000 in 1969

CasualtiesCasualties 58,159 U.S. Killed……220,000 S. Vietnamese……1.2 58,159 U.S. Killed……220,000 S. Vietnamese……1.2

Million N. VietnameseMillion N. Vietnamese HomefrontHomefront

Cold then HotCold then Hot

Counter-Culture Counter-Culture MovementMovement

New Left: Students for a Democratic New Left: Students for a Democratic Society (SDS)Society (SDS)

HippiesHippies YippiesYippies