Welcome

Class : SevenSubject: English 2nd Paper

Conducted bySuman BhowmikAssistant Teacher

English DepartmentCambrian School &

College,Dhaka

?

Verb: The word that expresses the action or state of a subject is called Verb. For example:I go to school.He plays cricket.They are drinking tea.

There are mainly two kinds of verb.

◊ Finite Verb◊ Non-finite Verb

Today’s TopicKinds of verbs

Nasima sings a song.

Finite Verb: The verb that completes the sense of a sentence and whose shape is formed according to subject and number of that sentence is called finite verb.

The man likes to sing a song.

Non-Finite Verb: The verb through which the sense of a sentence is not complete and whose shape is not formed according to subject and number of that sentence is called non- finite verb. Example:

Finite Verb

Principal Verb Auxiliary Verb

Principal Verb: The verb that independently expresses the full meaning of a sentence without taking help of other verbs is called principal verb.

He plays cricket.

For Example

She makes tea

They are eating rice. They are playing football.

Auxiliary Verb: The verb that helps a principal verb to complete the meaning of a sentence is called auxiliary verb.

For example:

Auxiliary Verbs:Be= am, is, are, was, were, being, beenHave= have, has, had, havingDo= do, does, did,Modals= shall, should, will, would, may, might, can, could, must, ought (to), need, dare, used (to) ‘to do’ ‘to be’ and ‘to have’ verbs are used both as auxiliary and principal verbs. If there is only ‘to do’ ‘to be’ and ‘to have’ verbs in any sentence, they are used as principal verbs. For example:He does the work. (does= Principal Verb)He does not do the work. ( does = auxiliary verb)He is a student./ He is reading a book.

Principal Verb

Transitive Verb Intransitive Verb

Transitive Verb: The verb that needs an object is called transitive verb. For example: The boy drinks.----------? The man eats.------------? To express the full meaning

of the above verbs objects are needed. The full sentences are given bellow.

They eat riceThe boy drinks water

Intransitive Verb: The verb that doesn’t take any object is called intransitive verb.

The bird flies. The ship sinks.

The baby cries. The baby sleeps.

The sun rises in the east The sun sets in the west

The boys fly kites The man is dipping the food into sauce

Copulative Verb: When any intransitive verb can not complete the meaning of a sentence without extra word,

it is called copulative verb. Example :

The flowers are beautiful.

Name, think, call, appoint, make, select, elect, nominate e.tc are used as Factitive Verbs.

Factitive Verb: When any Transitive Verb can not complete the meaning of a sentence without the help of

extra object, it is called factitive verb. Example is given bellow:

We elected him captain

Laugh at, look after, over took c.t.c are Group Verbs.

Group Verb: When a preposition is used after a intransitive Verb and its meaning is changed, it is called

Group Verb. Example is given bellow:

Don’t run after money.

He hurt himself

Reflexive Verb: When the subject and object of a Transitive Verb are the same, it is called reflexive verb.

Reciprocal Verb: The Transitive verb that reciprocates between subject and object of

a sentence is called Reciprocal Verb.

They help one another. They quarrel with one another.

It rains.

Impersonal Verb: When impersonal ‘It’ works as a subject of any verb, it uses impersonal verb.

In the sentences below rains and dews are impersonal verbs.

He ran a race.

Cognate Verb: When any Intransitive Verb accepts its

object as Noun from its root, it is called Cognate Verb.

Group work

A groupWill write down the

kinds & ten examples of finite verb

B groupWill write down the kinds & ten examples of principal verb

a. What three examples Principal verb?b. Give five examples of auxiliary verbs.c. What two examples of transitive verb?d. What two examples of intransitive verb?e. Give two examples of intransitive verbs.

Evaluation

Writing ten sentences with principal, auxiliary, transitive

and intransitive verbs.

Home Work on

Do at least one good work everyday for your country .

Thank You