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Classicism vs Romanticism
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04/12/23 1
Classicism Vs RomanticismClassicism vs. Romanticism
Listen to This By Mark Evan Bonds
5-2Listen to This By Mark Evan Bonds PRENTICE HALL
©2009 Pearson Education, Inc.Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Classicism Vs. Romanticism
Classic-defined by Aulos Gallius, 2nd century A.D. grammarian
“A correctness of language and style for a unique, elite, civilized class of people
Romantic-from “romance”
A Medieval tale of poem treating heroic personages or events written in one of the Romance languages
Listen to This By Mark Evan Bonds
5-3Listen to This By Mark Evan Bonds PRENTICE HALL
©2009 Pearson Education, Inc.Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Classicism Reason prevails in all provinces of thought. The
universe is capable of rational explanation as orderly, purposive, structured, and regular
Belief in reality, leaving little of validity to emotion. Mystery and miracle are dispelled
Uniform excellence desired in morals, social function, and art
The artist sought to appeal to rational good taste For the species, not the individual For seeking what is common to all For revealing the order and form inherent in a work of
art to thinking people of good taste
Listen to This By Mark Evan Bonds
5-4Listen to This By Mark Evan Bonds PRENTICE HALL
©2009 Pearson Education, Inc.Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Romanticism Distrust of universal formulae and impatience with
rules of procedure Development of a sense of awe and mystery Cultivation of individual, national, and racial
peculiarities High value place upon originality
Every person appreciates and understands through his senses
The glorification of self-rebellion & struggle Strong, Byronic heroes, masculine; later the emphasis
shifts to the willful, dominant female ideal
Listen to This By Mark Evan Bonds
5-5Listen to This By Mark Evan Bonds PRENTICE HALL
©2009 Pearson Education, Inc.Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Romanticism Nature not as rational and ordered but as a mirror
of unpredictability of human emotion and of the uncertainties of life
Fascination with the remote, the distant past. Revival in interest in Roman Catholicism as a timeless institution rooted in mystery
Life is ever becoming…evolving. Romantic artists express a longing for the unattainable. Death becomes an obsession as the only haven for fulfilling the struggle toward completeness
Listen to This By Mark Evan Bonds
5-6Listen to This By Mark Evan Bonds PRENTICE HALL
©2009 Pearson Education, Inc.Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Romanticism Romantic spirit
“Something far off, legendary, fictitious, fantastic, and marvelous-imaginary and ideal contrasted to the world of the present.”
Implies a freedom of the individual, represents all that man can become, possibility
Listen to This By Mark Evan Bonds
5-7Listen to This By Mark Evan Bonds PRENTICE HALL
©2009 Pearson Education, Inc.Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Romanticism Traits:
Remoteness from everyday world
Emphasis on the strange and the fantastic
Boundless: Aspires To transcend the
immediate To reach backward and
forward in time To range outward to reach
the cosmos
Listen to This By Mark Evan Bonds
5-8Listen to This By Mark Evan Bonds PRENTICE HALL
©2009 Pearson Education, Inc.Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Romanticism Traits
Cherishes freedom, passion, and endless pursuit of the unattainable-a yearning after the impossible with longing
The personality of the artists merges with the work of art
The arts themselves merge Instrumental music seen as the only perfect vehicle
for communicating deep emotions, abstract and divorced from the world, it is detached completely from the world and therefore free to work on the mind and heart
Listen to This By Mark Evan Bonds
5-9Listen to This By Mark Evan Bonds PRENTICE HALL
©2009 Pearson Education, Inc.Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Music & Words Instrumental music is dominated by lyrical spirit of
the Lied Composers were also writers
Carl Maria von Weber Robert Schumann Hector Berlioz Richard Wagner
Program music was the solution to imbuing instrumental music with the poetic & the pictorial
Instrumental accompaniment of vocal music is endowed with pictorial qualities itself
Listen to This By Mark Evan Bonds
5-10Listen to This By Mark Evan Bonds PRENTICE HALL
©2009 Pearson Education, Inc.Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Romanticism As containing contradictions and opposites
The crowd and the individual Composers sought haven with a few friends, while at the same
time writing for a large new audience Disappearance of patronage system Composers write for posterity-an “ideal” audience which would
appreciate work Rise of the virtuoso performer-Paganini, Liszt-performer as hero The composer as prophet, along & struggling heroically against a
hostile environment The simple & complex existing side by side
The Lied & Character piece-small, intimate forms The Program Symphony & Romantic Opera: enormous works in which
the composer creates an entire universe
Listen to This By Mark Evan Bonds
5-11Listen to This By Mark Evan Bonds PRENTICE HALL
©2009 Pearson Education, Inc.Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Science & the Irrational While the nineteenth
century saw an expansion of exact knowledge, music delved into the unconscious and the supernatural, into dreams and myth.
Nature was seen as fraught with mysterious significance way beyond scientific fact-finding
Listen to This By Mark Evan Bonds
5-12Listen to This By Mark Evan Bonds PRENTICE HALL
©2009 Pearson Education, Inc.Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Materialism & Idealism A secular, materialistic age Rise of the Industrial
Revolution A turning away from
organized religion, revival of interest in Catholicism was for its tradition & mystery of ritual
The arts were seen as a religion in themselves
Sacred music was often idealistic and of immense proportion, a longing for the eternal
Listen to This By Mark Evan Bonds
5-13Listen to This By Mark Evan Bonds PRENTICE HALL
©2009 Pearson Education, Inc.Upper Saddle River, NJ 07458
Nationalism A patriotic
movement which glorified the heritage of a country by using its folk music and historical subjects in theatrical or program music