GROUP 5(CBT GROUP)

EQUIAS, ROX WALEOLIVAR, JAMES PATRICK A.

RANON, APRIL JADEVILLAESPIN, ELLA MAE

ZARATE, RUTH EMMANUELLE

COGNITIVE-BEHAVIOR THERAPY

All problems are created by faulty conceptions and self-signals which must be

corrected.

PROPONENT:

AARON TEMKIN BECK

Cognitive Behavior Therapy is a type of psychotherapy that looks at

• How you think about YOURSELF, the WORLD and OTHER PEOPLE• How what you do affects your FEELINGS and THOUGHTS

WHAT WE THINK AFFECTS HOW WE ACT AND FEEL

WHAT WE FEEL AFFECTS WHAT WE THINK AND DO

WHAT WE DO AFFECTS HOW WE THINK AND FEEL

THOUGHTS ABOUT OR MEANING WE GIVE THE

EVENT

EVENT EMOTION

NATURE OF HUMAN BEING

CORE BELIEFS

AUTOMATIC

THOUGHTS

EMOTIONALDIFFICULTIE

SLOGICAL ERRORS

SOURCES OF DIFFICULTY

Incorrect inferences based on inadequate or incorrect information

Failure to distinguish between fantasy and

reality

• Distorted/dysfunctional thoughts evident in:Dichotomous Reasoning

Arbitrary InferenceSelective Abstraction

Magnification/MinimizationLabeling

SOURCES OF DIFFICULTY

• Identification of distorted/maladaptive thoughts, assumptions and beliefs accompanying negative emotions

• Discovery of how these distorted thoughts are inaccurate or not helpful

• Replacement of distorted cognitions with more realistic and helpful alternatives

• Experience of symptom relief• Resolution of most pressing

problems• Relapse prevention• Satisfactory and functional

modification in client’s thinking and belief system for everyday life and realistic evaluation and enduring emotional and behavioral change

• Here-and-now thoughts and cognitions

• Persistent negative automatic thoughts already proven contrary to objective evidence

• Subjective beliefs rather than objective reality

• Transformation of cognitive changes to behavioral changes

ROLE OF THE COUNSELOR/THERAPIST• Define the problem and goals

with client • Explain faulty cognitions• Point out the distortions in one’s

thinking patterns by examining automatic thoughts indicating possibly faulty inferences

• Illustrate how one arrives at a conclusion even if evidence is absent or information is distorted

• Apply procedures that will assist the client in making alternative interpretations of events in daily life.

• Apply a variety of techniques to ensure that cognitive changes bring about emotional and behavioral changes

ROLE OF THE COUNSELOR/THERAPIST

COUNSELOR CHARACTERISTICS AND COMPETENCIES–Ability to confront and lead gently, but firmly

- Adequate intelligence, clarity of thinking and logic to pinpoint self-defeating automatic thoughts

• Capacity to explain directly, clearly, adequately, and appropriately how the belief or thought may be faulty• Sufficient patience to

handle a resistant and, intellectualizing client

COUNSELOR CHARACTERISTICS AND COMPETENCIES

LEADS AND RESPONSES• Acceptance• Restatement• Clarification• Paraphrase• Summarization• Open and closed

questions• Encouragement/

persuasion

• Direct examination confrontation of incongruities in thinking

• Explanations/mini-lecture

• Suggestion/prescription of behavior

• Gentle to firm leading

TECHNIQUES

VALIDITY TESTING

Nakikita mo ba na nakatingin sila sayo?

hindi, natatakot po kasi akong tignan sila, at nararamdaman ko. Diba po minsan nararamdaman nyo naman po kung may nakatingin sa inyo?

SOCRATIC QUESTIONING

(laugh) hindi. Pero bakit ba ang hirap sakin na magsalita

at iparinig ang boses ko?

At kapag hindi mo nasabi ng tama ang pagpara, ganun ka ba ka importante para isipin at alalahanin ng mga kasakay mo kung gaanon ka kasama magsabi ng para ?

JOURNAL WRITTEN BY CLIENT

Paanong hindi mo napapansin pag sa ibang lugar ka pupunta? Anong nangyayari sa byahe mo papunta sa mga lugar na iyon?

Nagdadaydreaming ako. Minsan iniisip ko ang aking mga kaibigan o kasintahan. Minsan naman yung mga problema ko at nagigising nalang ako sa realidad kapag nakarating na.

GUIDED IMAGERYMasyadong mahina.tandaan mo,mahaba ang jeep at maraming tao ang nasa pagitan nyong dalwa ng driver

Para

BEHAVIORAL HOMEWORK ASSIGNMENTS

COGNITIVE REHEARSAL

MODELING

May takot parin sa boses mo.makinig ka sa akin PARA, narinig mo ba ako?

Oo. Very confident

CONDITIONINGMagkunwari tayong hindi ka narinig ng driver kasi mabilis syang ngmamaneho at naka upo ka sa dulo.sabihin mo mama PARA

mama para

SYSTEMATIC DESENSITIZATION

ROLE PLAYINGokay. So kailangan mong magsalita ng malakas. Subukan natin. Ikaw ay nakasakay sa jeep papuntang FAITH. Walang bumababa sa may walter at malapit na ang CITIWALK. Walang nagsasabi o nagbabalak magsabi ng para. Magsabi ka ng para as if nasa loob ka ng jeep

para

CHALLENGING ABSOLUTE

Kapag ba pumara ang ibang tao ganun din ang iniisip mo sa kanila?

hindi, kaya lang minsan oo!

COGNITIVE RESTRUCTURING

Clor:okay. So naaapektuhan ng mga iniisip mo ang iyong pag uugali. Instead na mag focus ka sa pagsasabi ng para, may automatic thoughts ka na hindi mo kaya

oo ano ba ang pwede kong gawin?

THOUGHT STOPPING

naiiwan, hindi nababagsak

kasi lagi na ako nakakarating sa school kapag tapos na ang mga quizzes

STEPS• Establish a positive working

relationship with client• Help client define his/her

problems in terms amenable to solution

• Show relationship between cognitions and behaviors

• Ensure insight into how unrealistic negative thoughts affect him/her

• Teach recognition, observation, and monitoring of own thoughts and assumptions, especially the negative automatic thoughts

• Train to test automatic thoughts against reality by examining and weighing the evidence for and against them

STEPS

• Actively engage client to form hypotheses about his/her behavior and eventually learn to employ specific problem-solving and coping skills

• Consolidate changes – the generalization and maintenance of behavior change and the avoidance of relapse

STEPS

THANK YOU!