Complications during postpartum period

Research report complication During postpartum period

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University of Gujrat Internship Agency

Complications during postpartum period

A Case Study of Tehsil Gujrat

INTERNSHIP REPORT

At

AZIZ BHATI HOSPITAL

GUJRAT

(15 JULY TO 31 AUGUST)

BY

Aroj Bashir

Muhammad Qasim


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Master in Population Sciences

2nd semester

Table of Content

Contents Page #

Introduction

1. Personal Biography

2. Session

3. Taught Courses

4. My career Interest

5. Motivation/ Reason for internship

Host Institute

1. Introduction

2. Ongoing Programs

3. Specialties

4. Working mechanism

5. Goals /Target

6. Salient Achievements

Focal Person

1. Name

2. Behavior toward Internee

3. Level of cooperation during work

4. Guidance to Complete Tasks

Project /Assignment

Research Project:

1. Name Of Project

2. Introduction

3. Literature

4. Objectives


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5. Method

6. General Findings

7. Statistical Tests

8. Discussions

9. Conclusion

10. References

Relationship of Internship with Taught Courses

Individual Benefits gained from internship

Lesson Learned from Internship

Conclusion of Internship


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Table of Contents

Page

Chapter: 1 Introduction

Personal biography………………………………………………………….. 07

Session……………………………………………………………………… 07

Taught courses……………………………………………………………… 07

My career interests…………………………………………………………… 08

Motivation/reason for internship……………………………………………. 08

Chapter: 2 Host Organizations/ Institute

Introduction…………………………………………………………………. 09

Ongoing programs…………………………………………………………… 09

Specialties……………………………………………………………………. 10

Working mechanism………………………………………………………… 11

Goals/target………………………………………………………………….. 11

Chapter: 3 Focal Person / Immediate Boss / Senior

Name………………………………………………………………………... 12

Behavior toward internee…………………………………………………… 12

Level of cooperation during work…………………………………………... 12

Guidance to complete tasks…………………………………………………. 12


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Chapter: 4 Project Assignment

Name of the project………………………………………………………… 13

Introduction………………………………………………………………... 13

Literature review…………………………………………………………… 17

Objectives………………………………………………………………….. 19

Method…………………………………………………………………….. 19

General findings…………………………………………………………… 20

Discussions…………………………………………………………….....29

Conclusion……………………………………………………………..…29

References………………………………………………………………...30

Relationship of Internship with Taught Courses………………………………31

Individual Benefits gained from internship……………………………………31

Lesson Learned from Internship………………………………………………31

Conclusion of Internship………………………………………………….…32


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Acknowledgement

My report is based on internship at “Aziz Bhatti Hospital Gujrat.”

I am very grate full to Sir Wajjid Tahir who gave me an opportunity to learn topic of “post-

partum complications among women” So, this topics teach me the complications during post-

partum period.

At Aziz bhatii hospital Gujrat all doctors were very cooperative me mostly I thanks full to Dr

Fouzia Arshad, gynecologist she guide me during my internship. She gave me full help related

to our field visit.

In the end I am really indebted to university of Gujrat which provided me the opportunity to

work in any organization in order to sharpen my skills and implement my knowledge in practical

field.


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CHAPTER#1

Introduction

Personal Biography

My name is Aroj Bashir student of” Population Sciences at University of Gujrat”.

Student Of MPS 2nd

semester.

Session

Session (2010_2013)

Taught Courses

1. Introduction to population sciences

2. Gender and reproductive health

3. Information education and communication

4. Population and social Statistics (1)

5. Population and social Statistics (2)

6. Information technology

7. Introduction to social sciences

8. Planning and Management of Population Program

9. Introduction to Technique of Population Program

10. Population & Development


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My career Interests

Pakistan is a developing country and facing a lot of social, economic, demographic, heath and

Security problems. Social issues are the basis of all problems, so I decided to choose the social

sciences field. Being a social Scientist I want to do some thing for the betterment of our country.

Through my demographic field I can point out the social, heath, and demographic and

development problems of the Pakistani peoples, that can help the policy makers to make their

policies according to problems of the people and the country.I am student of population Science

and interested in research work and I want to enhance my research Work by learning quality

research tools so in this regard my internship remain very

Helpful for me and I conduct research on the topic “complication during postpartum period

Tehsil Gujrat” and during this work, I learned a lot about the research work tools.

Reason for Internship:

My internship is the part of my course of second semester. This is my learning process. Through

the internship. I gain more knowledge about our study. I will be able to know the real meaning of

our study and gain the confidence. Through internship I gain experience about the research work

and practical work in the field. I seen the problems and issues of the people in the field.


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CHAPTER#2

Host Organization

Introduction:

Name: Aziz Bhati Shaheed Hospital (DHQ) Gujrat

History:

The DHQ Hospital Gujrat was established in 1963 and renamed as Aziz Bhati Shaheed Hospital

in 1966 after war against India. It is sited on the north of Gujrat city. The hospital has been

attached with the Nawaz Sharif Medical College as the teaching hospital. It is not only catering

to the health care needs of local people, but also of the people of neighbouring districts and

towns such as Bhimber, Mandi Bahauddin and Lalamusa. Initially it was started with one

hundred beds and some departments. With the passage of time the number of beds and facilities

was increased and now 452 beds hospital. The pediatrics Department has the capacity of 30 beds.

Almost fifty six doctors and ninety nurses are working there. The hospital currently has 5 major

departments . The major departments are;

General surgery

General medicine

Gynecology

ENT department

Eyes department

And with some other departments

Orthopedics

Pediatrics

Physiotherapy

Radiology

Urology/Dialysis Unit

Tele-Medicine

Cardiology

Dentistry

Ongoing programs:

The basic purpose of organization is accrue &treatment of the patient and provides them best

medication facility. In addition to treatment of the patient the hospital’s ongoing programs are


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Vaccination of child, Hepatitis B,C treatment, vast management(preset), Dialysis(artificial

kidney facility and the training of dispensers and receives the emergency. This hospital is also providing

routine care services to the prisoners of District Jail, Gujrat.

Specialties:

There are sixteen specialties of the hospitable

General OPD

General medicine

Surgery

Pediatrics

Eye

ENT

Orthopedics

Psychiatry

Dental

Skin

OB/GYN

Emergency/Casualty

Home Cases

Tibb/Unani Shifa Khana OPD cases

Cardiology

Other


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Working Mechanism:

Medical Superintendent is the head of organization. All the management of the hospital is

operates by the medical superintendent. He makes policies and arrangements for the hospital.

The hospital has a deputy medical superintendent, that makes check and balance of doctors,

nurses, paramedics, clerks and other staff of the hospital.

Medical superintendent (MS) ↓

↓ Nursing Superintendent

Deputy Medical superintendent ↓

. DNS (1)

↓ ↓

Paramedics Head Nurses(13)

↓ ↓

Dispenser (13) → Lab/Tech (4) → Lab/Att (3) Staff Nurses (78) ↓

X-ray/Tech (3) → OTA (4) → Driver (6) MD/Wife-2 LHV’s-2

Goals/targets:

Our goal and targets are continuous improvement in…

Visibility

Competitiveness

Accessibility

Communication

Education

Total Health Management

Promote the highest level of rehabilitation and independence through restorative nursing

care using a team approach and collaborating with therapy disciplines as appropriat

Provide quality care by teaching and monitoring client’s response.

Provide high quality health care services in a cost-effective manner

To provide the best health care services to the people of Gujrat and adjoining areas


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CHAPTER#3

Focal person/immediate boss/senior

Name:

Dr Fouzia Arshad

Behavior towards Me:

She is very nice, humble, and kind. Her behavior towards me is very nice. she taught me all the

work very efficiently and greatly. she helped me in every matter related to my work. she guided

me at every step.

Level of Cooperation During work:

Level of cooperation is very nice. e cooperates with me maximum and gives me maximum of

her time. she cooperated to me in every matter related to my survey on “postpartum

complication. she told me about the diseases and socially and medically reasons behind the

complications. she helped me in every stage where I needed their help.

Guidance to Complete Tasks:

She very truly wants me to learn every aspect of my internship. She also gives short lectures me

to complete my work. she encouraged me to complete my task. She also appreciates my survey

work. She guided me at every step during internship.


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CHAPTER#4

Project /assignment

Name of project

Complications during postpartum period

Introduction

The postpartum period is the time immediately after a woman delivers her baby. It is the time

when the mother's body is changing back to the non-pregnant state. It lasts approximately 6

weeks or until the reproductive organs return to normal size. During the postpartum period, a

woman can expect a variety of symptoms ranging from physical discomfort to emotional upsets.

“Postpartum hemorrhage is traditionally defined as blood loss greater than 500 mL during a va-

ginal delivery or greater than 1,000 mL with a cesarean delivery. However, significant blood loss

can be well tolerated by most young healthy females, and an uncomplicated delivery often re-

sults in blood loss of more than 500 mL without any compromise of the mother's condition.”

Feeling overwhelmed with the responsibility of caring for an infant is a normal postpartum

symptom. Other emotions may include sadness, feeling helpless, and a "let down" feeling. “Dis-

comfort in the perineum (area between the rectum and vagina) is expected and may cause diffi-

culty with sitting or walking. It is common for the breasts to be swollen and painful.”The new

mother may feel tired, experience hot flashes and sweating, and may be constipated.. All these

symptoms are normal, a temporary reaction to childbirth.

“Treatment for complications varies depending on the source of the problem. Infection usually

responds to antibiotic treatment.” Other special medications and procedures are available for

treating postpartum problems.

A new mother who experiences one or more of these symptoms should contact her provider im-

mediately.

There are some things which avoid postpartum complications and health problems. “Before baby

is born, eat a healthy diet that's high in leafy green vegetables, red meat, or legumes to avoid

iron-deficiency anemia.”

“During the immediate postpartum period, high levels of oxytocin in blood are helping uterus

return to its prep regnant size. “Stress creates adrenaline, which can make it more difficult for the

hormones to do their job.” Stay in bed and partner or a friend or relative (or paid help, if neces-

sary) care for mother.Eat nutritious foods and drink plenty of water. Don't lift anything heavier

than baby, and just try to rest and relax as much as can. Limit visitors.


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Postpartum infections are caused by bacteria entering the the urinary tract, or the site of an inci-

sion or tear. But there are also other kinds of infections that can occur during postpartum, such as

breast infections . Since infections can be serious, it's important to be on the lookout for fever

and other signs of infection during postpartum.

“The more objects enter vagina during labor or after birth, the more risk there is that infection-

causing bacteria could be pushed upward toward uterus. Limit internal exams during labor .

It's normal to lose some blood after giving birth. When the placenta separates from the uterine

wall, the resulting wound bleeds until the blood vessels close off with help from your contracting

uterus. And since body's blood volume increases by about 50 percent during pregnancy, some

blood loss won't affect health.

But sometimes, women bleed too much after giving birth, which is called a postpartum hemorr-

hage. This happens in up to 5 percent of all births, and is most likely to happen while the pla-

centa is separating or soon afterward Postpartum hemorrhage can be divided into 2 types: early

postpartum hemorrhage, which occurs within 24 hours of delivery, and late postpartum hemorr-

hage, which occurs 24 hours to 6 weeks after delivery. Most cases of postpartum hemorrhage,

greater than 99%, are early postpartum hemorrhage. most women are still under the care of their

delivering provider during this time. With many women delivering outside of hospitals and early

postpartum hospital discharge being a growing trend, postpartum hemorrhage that presents to the

emergency department may be either early or late..

“Sometimes, a mother will hemorrhage days or even weeks after birth. This rare but serious con-

dition is called a late or delayed postpartum hemorrhage and is usually caused by retained mem-

branes or tissue in the uterus.” If experience unexpected heavy bleeding days or weeks postpar-

tum, lie down, stay warm, nurse baby if possible,

About 1 out of every 8 women has postpartum depression after delivery. It is the most common

complication among women who have just had a baby. Changes in the woman's hormones after

delivery probably cause postpartum depression. Women

who have been depressed before are at increased risk for postpartum depression. Postpartum de-

pression can begin at any time within the first 3 months after delivery. It can

seriously threaten both the woman and her baby. Since the mother is seriously ill, she may

not be able to care for her baby as she would if she were well. The disease may make it hard

for the mother to breastfeed or bond with her baby. For these reasons, postpartum depression

is a threat to newborns.

Postpartum depression can be treated in several ways. Support groups may help. Some women

go to therapy or counseling with a mental health professional. This professional may talk with

the woman about the risks and benefits of antidepressant medications.

“After the baby is born, many new mothers have the "postpartum blues" or the "baby blues." The

word "blues" is not really correct since women with this condition are happy most of the time.

But compared to how she usually feels, the new mother. Postpartum depression is not the same


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as the "postpartum blues," a condition that is more

common and less serious. Postpartum blues usually ends by the tenth day after the baby is

born. The postpartum blues peak three to five days after delivery.” They usually end by the tenth

day after the baby's birth. Although the postpartum blues are not pleasant, the woman can func-

tion normally. The feeling of the "blues" usually lessens and goes away over time.

Feeling overwhelmed with the responsibility of caring for an infant is a normal postpartum

symptom. Other emotions may include sadness, feeling helpless, and a "let down" feeling.There

are symptoms that are not normal and may be considered postpartum complications. Contact

healthcare provider immediately if one of more of these symptoms develop:

Chills

Nausea Or Vomiting

Moderate To Strong Abdominal Or Back Pain That Is More Than Just An Ache

Increased Pain, Swelling, Redness, Or Drainage From The Episiotomy Or C-Section Inci-

sion

Bleeding Through More Than One Pad Per Hour

Blood Clots The Size Of A Plum

A Foul Smelling Vaginal Discharge

Chest Pains

Increasing Tenderness In The Lower Abdomen

Red, Warm To The Touch, Painful Breasts

A Severe Headache In The Forehead And Behind The Eyes, Accompanied By Extreme

Pain While Sitting Or Standing

Feeling Depressed Or Blue For More Than 3 Days

Severe Weakness

Extreme Paleness Or

A Rapid, Racing Pulse

Postpartum Hemorrhage

Shock

Infection In Blood Septicemia

Anemia

Genital Infection

Treatment for complications varies depending on the source of the problem. Infection usually

responds to antibiotic treatment. Other special medications and procedures are available for

treating postpartum problems.


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Literature review:

Nupur Chaudhury ( 2003) argued that women who suffered from postpartum depres-

sion after the birth of her fourth child, and that she attempted suicide twice for this

very disorder One in ten women experience postpartum depression , a condition that

often goes undiagnosed, and occurs in women after childbirth. A reason for the lack

of diagnosis of postpartum depression is a milder, more common form of depression

after childbirth, often known as the "baby blues". The baby blues occur in mothers

three to five days after childbirth .

MLA,( 2002) The writer reveals that postpartum depression is on the rise in the

United States, due to increasing stress, and contends that more responsibility needs

to be taken to ensure that women are prepared to handle the challenges that will

come their way. The writer also hopes that more states will pass laws that mandate

education and screening with women after delivery. Postpartum depression is a

significantly under diagnosed pregnancy complication, which can have serious

consequences. Sadness following the birth of a baby is believed to be as high as 85

percent in new mothers and normally lasts under two weeks. Postpartum depression

may last as long as 18 months. The condition is thought to be caused by hormonal

changes and the condition can worsen if the woman is suffering additional stresses.

Many women experience some mood changes after childbirth.

Stanley Poulos (2008) Women are more likely than men to suffer from depression,

especially during their reproductive years. Rates of depression are higher where

stressful circumstances exist such as poverty, lack of education, sexual inequality,

poor social support and in pregnancy. Single and adolescent pregnant women are

especially at risk

Abbas Mohila (2007,) ) conducted a study in Bangladesh and said A large

proportion of these deaths are preventable by appropriate measures through the

periods of antenatal, delivery and postnatal care . Complications of pregnancy and

childbirth are still the leading causes of death and disability among women of

reproductive age in developing countries common were weakness, anemia, and

lower abdominal pain the main direct 1causes of severe maternal morbidity in West

Africa were hemorrhage, obstructed labor, eclampsia, and sepsis .

Vallely, Ahmed(2005) Information on the extent of postpartum maternal morbidity in

developing countries is extremely limited. In many settings, data from hospital-based

studies is hard to interpret because of the small proportion of women that have

access to medical care. However, in those areas with good uptake of health care, the

measurement of the type and incidence of complications severe enough to require

hospitalization may provide useful baseline information on the acute and severe

morbidity that women experience in the early weeks following childbirth. An analysis

http://www.blogger.com/profile/15384120737869245577


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of health services data from Lusaka, Zambia, is presented. the maternal referrals in

the first 24 hours after delivery were for retained placenta and just over one-third

were for pregnancy- related hypertension or eclampsia Three referrals were for

postpartum hemorrhage. There were no maternal deaths in this group.

Shane.(2001) There are an estimated 14 million cases of pregnancy-related

hemorrhage every year; at least 128,000 of these women bleed to death.6 Most of

these deaths occur within comprehensive emergency obstetric services. These

services often are available only at a referral hospital and may require that the

woman be transported a long distance, again increasing her risk of death. Women

who survive PPH often suffer from severe anemia if the condition is not managed

appropriately.4 Lifesaving blood transfusions are associated with risks of transfusion

reactions and transmission of infections. Surgery, such as hysterectomy, carries its

own risks from infection, anesthesia, and other complications, as well as high

financial costs.


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0bjectives:

To study the postpartum complication among women

To study in which age women have most postpartum complication

To study education status of gujrat district

Method:

This research based on both primary and secondary data. Primary data is collected from the

women patient of aziz bhati hospital which is facing postpartum complication through face to

face interview and secondary data from the register of aziz bhati hospital gujrat. In the study

researcher selected the respondent by non probability sampling because list of patient of

the postpartum complication are difficult to find so this sampling technique was thought

to be the best to select the respondents.


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General Findings

Table No. 1 Age of Respondents

Categories Frequency percent

15-19 10 10.0

20-24 27 27.0

25-29 24 24.0

30-34 19 19.0

35-39 20 20.0

Total 100 100.0

The table shows that majority of women (27%) are in age group of

20-24 years. It indicates that the women in age group of 20-24 years are

facing more complications.


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Table No. 2 Area of Respondents


urban 43 43.0

rural 57 57.0

Total 100 100.0

This table shows that majority of women belonged to rural area.

And 43% women belonged to urban area.

Table No. 3 Husband Occupation

This table shows that majority of men (36%) have their own business,


govt. job 13 13.0

private. sector 23 23.0

own. business 36 36.0

agriculture 28 28.0

Total 100 100.0

Research report Diseases Among Elder people

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Table No. 4 Husband Education

Categoreis

Frequency Percent

primary 18 18.0

middle 18 18.0

metric 29 29.0

intermediate 15 15.0

graduation 14 14.0

master 6 6.0

Total 100 100.0

This table shows that majority of men (29%) have done

matriculation and (18%) have done middle.


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Table No. 5 Delivery Condition

Categories Frequency Percent

Normal 43 43.0

C-section 57 57.0

Total 100 100.0

This table shows that majority of women had C-section delivery

which is 57% and normal deliveries were 43%.

Table No. 6 Respondents Blood pressure


Normal 33 33.0

High 29 29.0

Low 37 37.0

Total 100 100.0

This table shows that majority of women had low blood pressure

(37 %.) and the patients of hypertension were 29%.


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Table No. 7 Chill Fever Vomiting


yes 25 25.0

no 4 4.0

Total 29 29.0

System 71 71.0

Total 100 100.0

This table shows that 25% women had chill fever and vomiting

during postpartum period.

Table No. 8 Abdominal or Back Pain

Categories Frequenc

y Percent

yes 37 37.0

no 18 18.0

Total 55 55.0

System 45 45.0

Total 100 100.0

This table shows that 37% women had abdominal and back pain



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Table No. 9 More bleeding and Blood Clots


yes 41 41.0

no 8 8.0

Total 50 50.0

System 50 50.0

Total 100 100.0

This table shows that 41% women had more bleeding and blood

clots as compare to others, during postpartum period.

Table No. 10 Headache


yes 40 40.0

no 23 23.0

12 1 1.0

21 1 1.0

Total 65 65.0

System 35 35.0

Total 100 100.0

This table shows that 40% women had headache during postpartum

period.


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Table No. 11 Feeling Depressed


yes 45 45.0

no 40 40.0

11 2 2.0

Total 87 87.0

System 13 13.0

Total 100 100.0

This table shows that 45% women felt depressed during

postpartum period.

Table No.12 Weakness. Paleness .Rapid Pulse


yes 50 50.0

no 25 25.0

Total 75 75.0

System 25 25.0

Total 100 100.0

This table shows that 50% women had weakness, paleness and

rapid pulse during postpartum period.


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Table No.13 Postpartum Hemorrhage


yes 37 37.0

System 63 63.0

Total 100 100.0

This table shows that 37% women had postpartum hemorrhage


Table No.14 Shock


yes 14 14.0

System 86 86.0

Total 100 100.0

This table shows that 14% women had shock during postpartum

period.


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Table No.15 Infection in blood and septicemia

This table shows that 10% women had infection in blood and

septicemia during postpartum period.

Table No.16 Anemia


yes 21 21.0

System 79 79.0

Total 100 100.0

This table shows that 21% women were anemic during postpartum

period.


yes 10 10.0

System 90 90.0

Total 100 100.0


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Table No.17 genital infection

This table shows that 11% women had genital infection during

postpartum period.

Discussion

The women living in Gujrat who came for medical checkup or treatment at Aziz Bhatti Shaheed (DHQ) Hospital, Gujrat were facing various complications during postpartum period i.e. abdominal pain, bleeding, feeling depressed, postpartum hemorrhage, shock conditions, septicemia, anemia, and genital infections. The women from rural areas were at high risk of complications and had more visits to DHQ, Hospital for medical checkup and treatment purposes than urban women. The majority of women reported low blood pressure. Many women were facing nutritional deficiencies and relevant diseases. It seems that the other socio-economic factor have strong influence on women health in Gujrat. Mostly women belonged to rural area and their husband have own business and agriculture. the education level is also t high so they do not awareness about health.

Conclusion:

There are many villages attached to gujrat. Most patient of aziz Bhatti Shaheed hospital

belong to rural areas. During the pregnancy and after pregnancy women go through

many complications. There are many genetic changes occur in their body due to which

they often get depression. so no one behave rude with her and particularly take care of

their nutrition as to maintain their and also child health.


yes 11 11.0

System 89 89.0

Total 100 100.0


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Reference:

Francis 2007 Tips for a Healthy Postpartum Period retrieved from

http://www.netplaces.com/postpartum-care/postpartum-complications-and-health-

concerns/tips-for-a-healthy-postpartum-period.htm

Yaa A B Yiadom2010 Postpartum Hemorrhage in Emergency Medicine retrieved from

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/796785-overview

Dimes 2006Postpartum depression retrieved from

http://www.marchofdimes.com/postpartum_depression.html

Hawkins Drive 2002 Postpartum complications retrieved from

http://www.uihealthcare.com/topics/pregnancyandchildbirth/preg4879.html

Nupur Chaudhury ( 2003) Postpartum Depression retrieved from

http://serendip.brynmawr.edu/bb/neuro/neuro03/web2/nchaudhury.html

MLA,( 2002) Postpartum Depression retrieved from

http://www.academon.com/Research-Paper-Postpartum-Depression/118600

Stanley Poulos (2008) Postpartum Depression retrieved from http://www.xanax-

effects.com/

Mirza Abbas Mohila Degree College, Shahjahanpur, 2007 Journal of Applied Sciences Research, 3(11): 1320-1326,2007, INSInet Publication retrieved from http://www.aensionline.com/jasr/jasr/2007/1320-1326.pdf Vallely, Ahmed(2005) Centre for International Child Health, Institute of Child Health, University

College London, London, UK retrieved from http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2393/5/1

Shane.(2001) preventing postpartum hemorrhage volume 13 Seattle, Washington 98109-1699 U.S.A.

Retrieved from http://www.reproline.jhu.edu/english/2mnh/2articles/otlkpph.pdf

http://www.netplaces.com/postpartum-care/postpartum-complications-and-health-concerns/tips-for-a-healthy-postpartum-period.htm

http://www.netplaces.com/postpartum-care/postpartum-complications-and-health-concerns/tips-for-a-healthy-postpartum-period.htm

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/796785-overview

http://www.marchofdimes.com/postpartum_depression.html

http://www.uihealthcare.com/topics/pregnancyandchildbirth/preg4879.html

http://serendip.brynmawr.edu/bb/neuro/neuro03/web2/nchaudhury.html

http://www.academon.com/Research-Paper-Postpartum-Depression/118600

http://www.blogger.com/profile/15384120737869245577

http://www.xanax-effects.com/

http://www.xanax-effects.com/

http://www.aensionline.com/jasr/jasr/2007/1320-1326.pdf


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Relationship of internship with taught courses:

The courses which I taught during session have a strong relation with my internship. I taught

reproductive health in course as my internship topic is “complication during during postpartum

so it helps me a lot to understand my topic. we were taught skills of research work and in

internship I implemented those learned research tools practically to conduct a research project.

So taught courses remain helpful throughout my project work and I was guided at every step of

research by my studied courses.

Individual’s benefits gained from internship

I have learnt from this internship about research programs and counseling of patients. I have

learnt that how to communicate and counsel the patient. I got awareness about complications

after pregnancy and their management. I understood how we can educate and aware the

women about their health problems so that these complications can be reduced.

Lesson learned from internship

I have done my internship in Aziz Bhatti Shaheed Hospital Gujrat, I have seen that doctors and

staff do not perform their duties honestly due to which patient gets into trouble. No one attends

patient carefully or attentively, if all the doctors and staff perform its duty honestly then many

problems can be solved out. Patient can get better treatment and better compliance. I have

learnt from this internship that we should perform our duties honestly, carefully and attentively,

we should not be harsh or rude to patients, as some one’s life is dependant on us, so we should

not keep ignorant attitude as if we are in life saving profession. As QURAN says

“If anyone saved a life of a man it would be as if he had saved the life of whole mankind”

May ALLAH guide us on right path.


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Conclusion of internship

The conclusion of this internship is that small or little mistakes can bring about big mishaps or

upsets. Little ignorance can cause serious complications. Our home environment, education of

the women and economic condition effects women health. I have observed during this

internship that the women who belongs to rural areas shows more postpartum complications as

compare to those who lives in urban areas. The reason is lack of awareness regarding their

health problems. Education is also a key point concerning the health problems because an

educated woman can take good care of not only her as well as her family’s health, but illiterate

woman fails to do so due to lack of awareness. Another reason is depression which badly

effects women health. Women whom delivery is carried out by mid-wives are at more risk to

have genital infections.