If

Conditionals

IfUnles

s

UnlessIf

Conditionals

•SORT OUT THESE SENTENCES INTO 3 CATEGORIES:

If you freeze water, it turns into ice.

What would you do if you had 1 million dollars?

You’ll put on weight if you don’t take any exercise.

If you heat ice, it melts.

If you met him, you’d be shocked.

If we don’t land soon, I´ll miss my next plane.

If she asks me, I´ll help her with her homework.

•She would be very pleased if you phoned her.

Conditionals

•CATEGORY 1: ZERO CONDITIONAL

If you freeze water, it turns into ice.

If you heat ice, it melts.

Conditionals

•ZERO CONDITIONAL

These sentences refer to things that are always true.

You can use WHEN instead of IF and the meaning remains the same

Conditionals

•CATEGORY 2: FIRST CONDITIONAL

You’ll put on weight if you don’t take any exercise.

If we don’t land soon, I´ll miss my next plane.

If she asks me, I´ll help her with her homework.

Conditionals

•FIRST CONDITIONAL

Used to talk about something in the future that will happen if something else happens (possible situations).

The If-clause is in the present tense.

The main clause is in the future tense (will).

The sentence refers to a present or future event.

Conditionals

•CATEGORY 3: SECOND CONDITIONAL

What would you do if you had 1 million dollars?

She would be very pleased if you phoned her.

If you met him, you’d be shocked.

Conditionals

•SECOND CONDITIONAL

When you use the second conditional, you are talking about an imaginary or unreal situation.

The If-clause is in the past tense.

The main clause is in the conditional form (would).

The sentence does not refer to the past.

Conditionals

•THIRD CONDITIONAL

If I had known about the exam, I´d have studied harder.

If we had taken a GPS, we wouldn´t have got lost.

If he had been a doctor, he would have saved her.

If she had followed your advice, she would have read the book.

Conditionals

•THIRD CONDITIONAL: STRUCTURE

If-clause: past perfect

main clause: would have + past participle

Conditionals

•THIRD CONDITIONAL: MEANING

Used to talk about an unreal situation in the past.

We are talking about something which didn’t happen.

Frequently used to express regret.

Conditionals

I won’t go unless he invites me.

Unless you were very ill, you would be at work.

We wouldn’t have phoned him, unless you had suggested it.

UNLESS

Conditionals

YOUR TURNChoose the 5 words which complete each

sentence

............................ marry him, would you say yes?

he to if would asked asks you

If he asked you to marry him, would you say yes?

Adapted from BBCLearnEnglish

Conditionals

YOUR TURNChoose the 5 words which complete each

sentence

How would we keep in touch ...............................?

to didn’t we have if didcomputer

s

How would we keep in touch if we didn’t have computers?

Conditionals

YOUR TURNChoose the 5 words which complete each

sentence

...................... if the pay was lower than this?

leave you left job your if would

Would you leave your job if the pay was lower than this?

Conditionals

YOUR TURNChoose the 5 words which complete each

sentence

If she .................... , ..............going out with her.

hebeautif

ulwouldn’

t isn’t wasn’t being be

If she wasn’t beautiful, he wouldn’t be going out with her

Conditionals

YOUR TURNChoose the 5 words which complete each

sentence

If people ............................ , ........................ be fewer wars.

more would theretoleran

twouldn’

t were are

If people were more tolerant, there would be fewer wars.

Conditionals

YOUR TURNChoose the 5 words which complete each

sentence

If you ........................ , ..................... be able to communicate.

speak spoke speaking

couldn’t wouldn’t we English

If you couldn’t speak English, we wouldn’t be able to communicate.

YOUR TURNTHIRD CONDITIONAL

SENTENCESPut these facts about The Titanic in the correct

order

The Titanic leaves

Ireland The captain increases the speed of the

ship

Other ships warn The Titanic about ice

but the captain continues at the same

speed The lookouts do not see the

iceberg

The Titanic hits the iceberg

The passengers start to get into the

lifeboats but there is not enough

roomThe Titanic sinks

What would have happened if each of the events

had not happened?

Adapted from OnestopEnglish

YOUR TURNTHIRD CONDITIONAL

SENTENCESComplete these

sentencesIf the Titanic ...... (not leave) Ireland, it ..... (not

sink)If the Titanic ...... (travel) slowly, it ..... (miss) the

iceberg.If the captain ...... (listen) to the warnings, he ..... (be) more

careful.If the lookouts ...... (see) the iceberg earlier, they ..... (tell) the captain in

time to save the ship.If the Titanic ...... (nit hit) the iceberg, it ..... (not

sink).

If there .......... (be) more lifeboats, fewer people ..... (die).

If the Titanic ...... (travel) slowly, it ..... (arrive) in New

York.

Conditionals

Possible situations.

Unreal present situations.

Unreal situations: present and past.

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