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Cubism
Revolution and Influence
What the heck is modernism?
Pre – modern era Modern era
SocietyAgrarian – wealth and labor derived from agriculture and trading. Population centered in rural areas.
Industrial – wealth and labor derived from manufacturing. Population centered in cities.
PoliticsMonarchies and Empires – People ruled by royal families and empires extend beyond national borders.
Revolution – people displace royals with democratic or socialist forms of governments.
ScienceNewton’s Laws – Physical laws are fixed and immutable
Einstein’s Relativity – Not all objects in universe follow Newton’s laws.
PsychologyAssociative – Sensory Input + Repetition = Ideas
Examination of the make-up of personality – Conscious + Unconscious = Self
ArtRealist Approach – art’s value rests in how closely it mirrors nature
Expressive Approach – art’s value rests in how it allows for individual expression
Major Thinkers who epitomized the Modernist Ideal
In physics, Albert Einstein puts forth the idea that electromagnetic waves do not conform to the laws of motion put forth by Isaac Newton. This is part of his Theory of Relativity.
In psychology Sigmund Freud postulates a theory that personality is made up of subjective, interacting layers. Psychoanalysis is the technique Freud developed to treat patients by bringing thoughts buried in the subconscious back into conscious awareness.
Pablo Picasso develops a form of abstract painting that tries to paint all aspects of something simultaneously. This style of painting comes to be known as Cubism because of its shattered, geometric look. Picasso, and others, were trying to represent things as they are not how they look.
Arnold Schoenberg
String Quartet #2
Alfred Jarry
Sergei DiaghilevIgor Stravinsky Vaslav Nijinsky
Le Sacre du printemps
William Bouguereau , Orestes Pursued by the Furies, 1862
Henri Fatin-Latour, The Corner of the Table, 1873
Gustave Courbet, The Painter’s Studio, A Real Allegory, 1855
Edward Manet, Déjeuner sur l'Herbe , 1863
Claude Monet, Japanese Bridge, 1918 - 24
Auguste Renoir, Luncheon of the Boating Party, 1881
Vincent van Gogh, A Starry Night, 1889
Paul Gauguin, The Spirit of the Dead Watching, 1892
Henri Matisse, Le Bonheur de Vivre, 1905
Term for any approach to the arts, whether theoretical, critical or historical, that emphasizes the autonomy or primacy of formal qualities.
In the case of painting, these qualities are usually understood to be compositional elements such as line, value, colour and texture: Robert WilliamsFrom Grove Art Online
Formalism
Henri Matisse, Harmony in Red, 1908
Paul Cezanne
Paul Cezanne, Seated Man, 1906
Pablo Picasso, Self Portrait with Uncombed Hair, 1896
Pablo Picasso, Self Portrait with Uncombed Hair, 1896
Pablo Picasso, Yo, Picasso, 1901
Pablo Picasso, the Old Guitarist, 1904
Pablo Picasso, Les Mademoiselles d’Avignon, 1907
Pablo Picasso, Armistad, 1908
Analytic Cubism
Pablo Picasso, The Guitar Player, 1910
Pablo Picasso, Accordionist, 1911
Pablo Picasso, The Glass, 1911
Pablo Picasso, Pipe, Glass, Bottle of Vieux Marc, 1914
George Braque, Houses at L’Estaque, 1908
George Braque, Large Nude 1908
George Braque, Fishing Boats,1909
Synthetic Cubism
George Braque, Still Life with Violin, 1912
George Braque, Fruit Dish, Ace of Clubs,1913
Pablo Picasso, The Italian Girl, 1917
Pablo Picasso, Still Life with Chair Caning, 1912
George Braque, Bottle of Rum, 1914
Ferdinand Leger, The Four Cyclists, 1908
Ferdinand Leger, Women, 1921
Ferdinand Leger, The Bargeman, 1918
Marcel Duchamp, Portrait of a Chess Player, 1911
Marcel Duchamp, Nude Descending a Staircase, 1912
Marcel Duchamp, Nude Descending a Staircase No2, 1912
Robert Delauney, Homage to Bleriot,1914
Robert Delauney, Circular Forms, 1918
Stuart Davis, Untitled, 1945
Stuart Davis, Colonial Cubism, 1954
Jackson Pollock, Number 1, 1950
Cubism’s Influence on Sculpture
Michelangelo, David, 1504 Auguste Rodin, The Thinker, 1880
Pablo Picasso, Guitar, 1912
Pablo Picasso, Mandolin and Clarinet, 1914
Pablo Picasso, Bull, 1943
Antoine Pevsner and Peggy Guggenheim
Naum Gabo, Head no.2, 1916
Naum Gabo, Constructivist Head, 1915
Naum Gabo
Antoine Pevsner, Torso, 1925
Naum Gabo, Construction in Space,
Naum Gabo
Antoine Pevsner, Monde, 1947
Antoine Pevsner, Construction in Space, 1933
Archipenko, Medrano II, 1913
Alexander Rodechenko, Hanging Sculpture, 1920
Vladmir Tatlin, model for Monument, 1919
Raoul Haussmann, Mechanical Head, 1920
Sophie Tauber Arp, Dada Head, 1920
Kurt Schwitters, Merzbrau, 1923 - 36
Kurt Schwitters, Merzbrau, 1923-36
Louise Nevelson, Night Zag, 1971
Louise Nevelson, Sky Cathedral, 1958
Alexander Calder, Lobster Trap and Fish Tail, 1938
Alexander Calder, Mobile, 1941
Joseph Cornell, Object, 1923
Joseph Cornell, analemma, 1950
Tony Smith , Cube XII, 1963
Tony Smith, Pollock’s Indians, 1976
Julio Gonzalez (1876-1942)
Julio Gonzalez (1876-1942)
John Chamberlain, Essex, 1960
John Chamberlain
Mark diSuervo, Hand Pierced with Nail Bed on Wood, 1959
Mark diSuervo, Blubber, 1980
Ji soo Kim, Changmoon and Bal, 1990
Donald Lipski, Good a Gold, 2004
Donald Lipski, Untitled, 1998
Milan Dobes, Constructivist Sculpture
Tony Cragg, Stack, 1975